In Situ Monitoring of Powder Bed Fusion Homogeneity in Electron Beam Melting

Increasing attention has been devoted in recent years to in situ sensing and monitoring of the electron beam melting process, ranging from seminal methods based on infrared imaging to novel methods based on backscattered electron detection. However, the range of available in situ monitoring capabili...

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Autor principal:	Marco Grasso
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	electron beam melting in situ sensing in situ monitoring powder bed machine vision Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7287e0bd46904a199acabcdeac5afa5a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7287e0bd46904a199acabcdeac5afa5a2021-11-25T18:15:42ZIn Situ Monitoring of Powder Bed Fusion Homogeneity in Electron Beam Melting10.3390/ma142270151996-1944https://doaj.org/article/7287e0bd46904a199acabcdeac5afa5a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/22/7015https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944Increasing attention has been devoted in recent years to in situ sensing and monitoring of the electron beam melting process, ranging from seminal methods based on infrared imaging to novel methods based on backscattered electron detection. However, the range of available in situ monitoring capabilities and solutions is still quite limited compared to the wide number of studies and industrial toolkits in laser-based additive manufacturing processes. Some methods that are already industrially available in laser powder bed fusion systems, such as in situ detection of recoating errors, have not yet been investigated and tested in electron beam melting. Motivated by the attempt to fill this gap, we present a novel in situ monitoring methodology that can be easily implemented in industrial electron beam melting machines. The method is aimed at identifying local inhomogeneity and irregularities in the powder bed by means of layerwise image acquisition and processing, with no external illumination source apart from the light emitted by the hot material underneath the currently recoated layer. The results show that the proposed approach is suitable to detect powder bed anomalies, while also highlighting the link between the severity of in situ detected errors and the severity of resulting defects in the additively manufactured part.Marco GrassoMDPI AGarticleelectron beam meltingin situ sensingin situ monitoringpowder bedmachine visionTechnologyTElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040MicroscopyQH201-278.5Descriptive and experimental mechanicsQC120-168.85ENMaterials, Vol 14, Iss 7015, p 7015 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	electron beam melting in situ sensing in situ monitoring powder bed machine vision Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
spellingShingle	electron beam melting in situ sensing in situ monitoring powder bed machine vision Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 Marco Grasso In Situ Monitoring of Powder Bed Fusion Homogeneity in Electron Beam Melting
description	Increasing attention has been devoted in recent years to in situ sensing and monitoring of the electron beam melting process, ranging from seminal methods based on infrared imaging to novel methods based on backscattered electron detection. However, the range of available in situ monitoring capabilities and solutions is still quite limited compared to the wide number of studies and industrial toolkits in laser-based additive manufacturing processes. Some methods that are already industrially available in laser powder bed fusion systems, such as in situ detection of recoating errors, have not yet been investigated and tested in electron beam melting. Motivated by the attempt to fill this gap, we present a novel in situ monitoring methodology that can be easily implemented in industrial electron beam melting machines. The method is aimed at identifying local inhomogeneity and irregularities in the powder bed by means of layerwise image acquisition and processing, with no external illumination source apart from the light emitted by the hot material underneath the currently recoated layer. The results show that the proposed approach is suitable to detect powder bed anomalies, while also highlighting the link between the severity of in situ detected errors and the severity of resulting defects in the additively manufactured part.
format	article
author	Marco Grasso
author_facet	Marco Grasso
author_sort	Marco Grasso
title	In Situ Monitoring of Powder Bed Fusion Homogeneity in Electron Beam Melting
title_short	In Situ Monitoring of Powder Bed Fusion Homogeneity in Electron Beam Melting
title_full	In Situ Monitoring of Powder Bed Fusion Homogeneity in Electron Beam Melting
title_fullStr	In Situ Monitoring of Powder Bed Fusion Homogeneity in Electron Beam Melting
title_full_unstemmed	In Situ Monitoring of Powder Bed Fusion Homogeneity in Electron Beam Melting
title_sort	in situ monitoring of powder bed fusion homogeneity in electron beam melting
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7287e0bd46904a199acabcdeac5afa5a
work_keys_str_mv	AT marcograsso insitumonitoringofpowderbedfusionhomogeneityinelectronbeammelting
_version_	1718411443616874496

In Situ Monitoring of Powder Bed Fusion Homogeneity in Electron Beam Melting

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