Widespread triploidy in Western North American aspen (Populus tremuloides).

We document high rates of triploidy in aspen (Populus tremuloides) across the western USA (up to 69% of genets), and ask whether the incidence of triploidy across the species range corresponds with latitude, glacial history (as has been documented in other species), climate, or regional variance in...

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Autores principales:	Karen E Mock, Colin M Callahan, M Nurul Islam-Faridi, John D Shaw, Hardeep S Rai, Stewart C Sanderson, Carol A Rowe, Ronald J Ryel, Michael D Madritch, Richard S Gardner, Paul G Wolf
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/729b86541f034a8790713352b58cd0a3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:729b86541f034a8790713352b58cd0a32021-11-18T08:10:24ZWidespread triploidy in Western North American aspen (Populus tremuloides).1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0048406https://doaj.org/article/729b86541f034a8790713352b58cd0a32012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23119006/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203We document high rates of triploidy in aspen (Populus tremuloides) across the western USA (up to 69% of genets), and ask whether the incidence of triploidy across the species range corresponds with latitude, glacial history (as has been documented in other species), climate, or regional variance in clone size. Using a combination of microsatellite genotyping, flow cytometry, and cytology, we demonstrate that triploidy is highest in unglaciated, drought-prone regions of North America, where the largest clone sizes have been reported for this species. While we cannot completely rule out a low incidence of undetected aneuploidy, tetraploidy or duplicated loci, our evidence suggests that these phenomena are unlikely to be significant contributors to our observed patterns. We suggest that the distribution of triploid aspen is due to a positive synergy between triploidy and ecological factors driving clonality. Although triploids are expected to have low fertility, they are hypothesized to be an evolutionary link to sexual tetraploidy. Thus, interactions between clonality and polyploidy may be a broadly important component of geographic speciation patterns in perennial plants. Further, cytotypes are expected to show physiological and structural differences which may influence susceptibility to ecological factors such as drought, and we suggest that cytotype may be a significant and previously overlooked factor in recent patterns of high aspen mortality in the southwestern portion of the species range. Finally, triploidy should be carefully considered as a source of variance in genomic and ecological studies of aspen, particularly in western U.S. landscapes.Karen E MockColin M CallahanM Nurul Islam-FaridiJohn D ShawHardeep S RaiStewart C SandersonCarol A RoweRonald J RyelMichael D MadritchRichard S GardnerPaul G WolfPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 10, p e48406 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Karen E Mock Colin M Callahan M Nurul Islam-Faridi John D Shaw Hardeep S Rai Stewart C Sanderson Carol A Rowe Ronald J Ryel Michael D Madritch Richard S Gardner Paul G Wolf Widespread triploidy in Western North American aspen (Populus tremuloides).
description	We document high rates of triploidy in aspen (Populus tremuloides) across the western USA (up to 69% of genets), and ask whether the incidence of triploidy across the species range corresponds with latitude, glacial history (as has been documented in other species), climate, or regional variance in clone size. Using a combination of microsatellite genotyping, flow cytometry, and cytology, we demonstrate that triploidy is highest in unglaciated, drought-prone regions of North America, where the largest clone sizes have been reported for this species. While we cannot completely rule out a low incidence of undetected aneuploidy, tetraploidy or duplicated loci, our evidence suggests that these phenomena are unlikely to be significant contributors to our observed patterns. We suggest that the distribution of triploid aspen is due to a positive synergy between triploidy and ecological factors driving clonality. Although triploids are expected to have low fertility, they are hypothesized to be an evolutionary link to sexual tetraploidy. Thus, interactions between clonality and polyploidy may be a broadly important component of geographic speciation patterns in perennial plants. Further, cytotypes are expected to show physiological and structural differences which may influence susceptibility to ecological factors such as drought, and we suggest that cytotype may be a significant and previously overlooked factor in recent patterns of high aspen mortality in the southwestern portion of the species range. Finally, triploidy should be carefully considered as a source of variance in genomic and ecological studies of aspen, particularly in western U.S. landscapes.
format	article
author	Karen E Mock Colin M Callahan M Nurul Islam-Faridi John D Shaw Hardeep S Rai Stewart C Sanderson Carol A Rowe Ronald J Ryel Michael D Madritch Richard S Gardner Paul G Wolf
author_facet	Karen E Mock Colin M Callahan M Nurul Islam-Faridi John D Shaw Hardeep S Rai Stewart C Sanderson Carol A Rowe Ronald J Ryel Michael D Madritch Richard S Gardner Paul G Wolf
author_sort	Karen E Mock
title	Widespread triploidy in Western North American aspen (Populus tremuloides).
title_short	Widespread triploidy in Western North American aspen (Populus tremuloides).
title_full	Widespread triploidy in Western North American aspen (Populus tremuloides).
title_fullStr	Widespread triploidy in Western North American aspen (Populus tremuloides).
title_full_unstemmed	Widespread triploidy in Western North American aspen (Populus tremuloides).
title_sort	widespread triploidy in western north american aspen (populus tremuloides).
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/729b86541f034a8790713352b58cd0a3
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Widespread triploidy in Western North American aspen (Populus tremuloides).

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