Pain drawing as a screening tool for anxiety, depression and reduced health-related quality of life in back pain patients: A cohort study.

<h4>Background</h4>Back pain patients are more likely to suffer from depression, anxiety and reduced quality of life. Pain drawing is a simple, frequently used anamnesis tool that facilitates communication between physicians and patients. This study analysed pain drawings to examine whet...

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Autores principales:	Katharina Weßollek, Ana Kowark, Michael Czaplik, Rolf Rossaint, Pascal Kowark
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/72a8234de3614b7c858db4f45dede001
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:72a8234de3614b7c858db4f45dede0012021-12-02T20:17:05ZPain drawing as a screening tool for anxiety, depression and reduced health-related quality of life in back pain patients: A cohort study.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0258329https://doaj.org/article/72a8234de3614b7c858db4f45dede0012021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258329https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Back pain patients are more likely to suffer from depression, anxiety and reduced quality of life. Pain drawing is a simple, frequently used anamnesis tool that facilitates communication between physicians and patients. This study analysed pain drawings to examine whether pain drawing is suitable as a screening tool for signs of anxiety, depression or reduced quality of life, as the detection of these symptoms is essential for successful treatment.<h4>Methods</h4>Pain drawings of 219 patients with lower back pain were evaluated retrospectively. Pain drawings are a schematic drawing of a human being. Six variables of the pain drawing were analysed. Subscales of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Mental Component Summary (MCS) of the Short Form 12 (SF-12) were used to measure anxiety, depression and quality of life, respectively. Descriptive statistics, uni- and multivariate linear regression analyses and analysis of variance were performed. Logistic regression analyses were conducted for suitable variables.<h4>Results</h4>We revealed significant positive correlations between the variables "filled body surface" and "number of pain sites" and the anxiety (HADS-A) and depression subscales (HADS-D) of the HADS (p<0.01). The same predictors had significant negative correlations with the MCS (p<0.01). However, the sensitivity and specificity of the variable "number of pain sites" were too low compared to those for existing screening tests to consider it as a screening tool for anxiety, depression and quality of life (HADS-A: sensitivity: 45.2%, specificity: 83.3%; HADS-D: sensitivity: 61.1%, specificity: 51%; MCS: sensitivity: 21.2%, specificity: 85.7%).<h4>Conclusions</h4>There were significant correlations between the amount of filled body surface and the number of pain sites in the pain drawing and anxiety, depression and quality of life. Although useful in routine clinical practice, pain drawing cannot be used as a screening tool based on our results.Katharina WeßollekAna KowarkMichael CzaplikRolf RossaintPascal KowarkPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 10, p e0258329 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Katharina Weßollek Ana Kowark Michael Czaplik Rolf Rossaint Pascal Kowark Pain drawing as a screening tool for anxiety, depression and reduced health-related quality of life in back pain patients: A cohort study.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Back pain patients are more likely to suffer from depression, anxiety and reduced quality of life. Pain drawing is a simple, frequently used anamnesis tool that facilitates communication between physicians and patients. This study analysed pain drawings to examine whether pain drawing is suitable as a screening tool for signs of anxiety, depression or reduced quality of life, as the detection of these symptoms is essential for successful treatment.<h4>Methods</h4>Pain drawings of 219 patients with lower back pain were evaluated retrospectively. Pain drawings are a schematic drawing of a human being. Six variables of the pain drawing were analysed. Subscales of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Mental Component Summary (MCS) of the Short Form 12 (SF-12) were used to measure anxiety, depression and quality of life, respectively. Descriptive statistics, uni- and multivariate linear regression analyses and analysis of variance were performed. Logistic regression analyses were conducted for suitable variables.<h4>Results</h4>We revealed significant positive correlations between the variables "filled body surface" and "number of pain sites" and the anxiety (HADS-A) and depression subscales (HADS-D) of the HADS (p<0.01). The same predictors had significant negative correlations with the MCS (p<0.01). However, the sensitivity and specificity of the variable "number of pain sites" were too low compared to those for existing screening tests to consider it as a screening tool for anxiety, depression and quality of life (HADS-A: sensitivity: 45.2%, specificity: 83.3%; HADS-D: sensitivity: 61.1%, specificity: 51%; MCS: sensitivity: 21.2%, specificity: 85.7%).<h4>Conclusions</h4>There were significant correlations between the amount of filled body surface and the number of pain sites in the pain drawing and anxiety, depression and quality of life. Although useful in routine clinical practice, pain drawing cannot be used as a screening tool based on our results.
format	article
author	Katharina Weßollek Ana Kowark Michael Czaplik Rolf Rossaint Pascal Kowark
author_facet	Katharina Weßollek Ana Kowark Michael Czaplik Rolf Rossaint Pascal Kowark
author_sort	Katharina Weßollek
title	Pain drawing as a screening tool for anxiety, depression and reduced health-related quality of life in back pain patients: A cohort study.
title_short	Pain drawing as a screening tool for anxiety, depression and reduced health-related quality of life in back pain patients: A cohort study.
title_full	Pain drawing as a screening tool for anxiety, depression and reduced health-related quality of life in back pain patients: A cohort study.
title_fullStr	Pain drawing as a screening tool for anxiety, depression and reduced health-related quality of life in back pain patients: A cohort study.
title_full_unstemmed	Pain drawing as a screening tool for anxiety, depression and reduced health-related quality of life in back pain patients: A cohort study.
title_sort	pain drawing as a screening tool for anxiety, depression and reduced health-related quality of life in back pain patients: a cohort study.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/72a8234de3614b7c858db4f45dede001
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Pain drawing as a screening tool for anxiety, depression and reduced health-related quality of life in back pain patients: A cohort study.

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