Characterizing the epidemiological transition in Mexico: national and subnational burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors.

<h4>Background</h4>Rates of diseases and injuries and the effects of their risk factors can have substantial subnational heterogeneity, especially in middle-income countries like Mexico. Subnational analysis of the burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors can improve characterizati...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Gretchen Stevens, Rodrigo H Dias, Kevin J A Thomas, Juan A Rivera, Natalie Carvalho, Simón Barquera, Kenneth Hill, Majid Ezzati
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2008
Materias:	Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/72aca94747aa4bb4b7754c36de2065b2
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:72aca94747aa4bb4b7754c36de2065b2
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:72aca94747aa4bb4b7754c36de2065b22021-11-25T05:36:55ZCharacterizing the epidemiological transition in Mexico: national and subnational burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors.1549-12771549-167610.1371/journal.pmed.0050125https://doaj.org/article/72aca94747aa4bb4b7754c36de2065b22008-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/18563960/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1549-1277https://doaj.org/toc/1549-1676<h4>Background</h4>Rates of diseases and injuries and the effects of their risk factors can have substantial subnational heterogeneity, especially in middle-income countries like Mexico. Subnational analysis of the burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors can improve characterization of the epidemiological transition and identify policy priorities.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>We estimated deaths and loss of healthy life years (measured in disability-adjusted life years [DALYs]) in 2004 from a comprehensive list of diseases and injuries, and 16 major risk factors, by sex and age for Mexico and its states. Data sources included the vital statistics, national censuses, health examination surveys, and published epidemiological studies. Mortality statistics were adjusted for underreporting, misreporting of age at death, and for misclassification and incomparability of cause-of-death assignment. Nationally, noncommunicable diseases caused 75% of total deaths and 68% of total DALYs, with another 14% of deaths and 18% of DALYs caused by undernutrition and communicable, maternal, and perinatal diseases. The leading causes of death were ischemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus, cerebrovascular disease, liver cirrhosis, and road traffic injuries. High body mass index, high blood glucose, and alcohol use were the leading risk factors for disease burden, causing 5.1%, 5.0%, and 7.3% of total burden of disease, respectively. Mexico City had the lowest mortality rates (4.2 per 1,000) and the Southern region the highest (5.0 per 1,000); under-five mortality in the Southern region was nearly twice that of Mexico City. In the Southern region undernutrition and communicable, maternal, and perinatal diseases caused 23% of DALYs; in Chiapas, they caused 29% of DALYs. At the same time, the absolute rates of noncommunicable disease and injury burdens were highest in the Southern region (105 DALYs per 1,000 population versus 97 nationally for noncommunicable diseases; 22 versus 19 for injuries).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Mexico is at an advanced stage in the epidemiologic transition, with the majority of the disease and injury burden from noncommunicable diseases. A unique characteristic of the epidemiological transition in Mexico is that overweight and obesity, high blood glucose, and alcohol use are responsible for larger burden of disease than other noncommunicable disease risks such as tobacco smoking. The Southern region is least advanced in the epidemiological transition and suffers from the largest burden of ill health in all disease and injury groups.Gretchen StevensRodrigo H DiasKevin J A ThomasJuan A RiveraNatalie CarvalhoSimón BarqueraKenneth HillMajid EzzatiPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRENPLoS Medicine, Vol 5, Iss 6, p e125 (2008)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R
spellingShingle	Medicine R Gretchen Stevens Rodrigo H Dias Kevin J A Thomas Juan A Rivera Natalie Carvalho Simón Barquera Kenneth Hill Majid Ezzati Characterizing the epidemiological transition in Mexico: national and subnational burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Rates of diseases and injuries and the effects of their risk factors can have substantial subnational heterogeneity, especially in middle-income countries like Mexico. Subnational analysis of the burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors can improve characterization of the epidemiological transition and identify policy priorities.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>We estimated deaths and loss of healthy life years (measured in disability-adjusted life years [DALYs]) in 2004 from a comprehensive list of diseases and injuries, and 16 major risk factors, by sex and age for Mexico and its states. Data sources included the vital statistics, national censuses, health examination surveys, and published epidemiological studies. Mortality statistics were adjusted for underreporting, misreporting of age at death, and for misclassification and incomparability of cause-of-death assignment. Nationally, noncommunicable diseases caused 75% of total deaths and 68% of total DALYs, with another 14% of deaths and 18% of DALYs caused by undernutrition and communicable, maternal, and perinatal diseases. The leading causes of death were ischemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus, cerebrovascular disease, liver cirrhosis, and road traffic injuries. High body mass index, high blood glucose, and alcohol use were the leading risk factors for disease burden, causing 5.1%, 5.0%, and 7.3% of total burden of disease, respectively. Mexico City had the lowest mortality rates (4.2 per 1,000) and the Southern region the highest (5.0 per 1,000); under-five mortality in the Southern region was nearly twice that of Mexico City. In the Southern region undernutrition and communicable, maternal, and perinatal diseases caused 23% of DALYs; in Chiapas, they caused 29% of DALYs. At the same time, the absolute rates of noncommunicable disease and injury burdens were highest in the Southern region (105 DALYs per 1,000 population versus 97 nationally for noncommunicable diseases; 22 versus 19 for injuries).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Mexico is at an advanced stage in the epidemiologic transition, with the majority of the disease and injury burden from noncommunicable diseases. A unique characteristic of the epidemiological transition in Mexico is that overweight and obesity, high blood glucose, and alcohol use are responsible for larger burden of disease than other noncommunicable disease risks such as tobacco smoking. The Southern region is least advanced in the epidemiological transition and suffers from the largest burden of ill health in all disease and injury groups.
format	article
author	Gretchen Stevens Rodrigo H Dias Kevin J A Thomas Juan A Rivera Natalie Carvalho Simón Barquera Kenneth Hill Majid Ezzati
author_facet	Gretchen Stevens Rodrigo H Dias Kevin J A Thomas Juan A Rivera Natalie Carvalho Simón Barquera Kenneth Hill Majid Ezzati
author_sort	Gretchen Stevens
title	Characterizing the epidemiological transition in Mexico: national and subnational burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors.
title_short	Characterizing the epidemiological transition in Mexico: national and subnational burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors.
title_full	Characterizing the epidemiological transition in Mexico: national and subnational burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors.
title_fullStr	Characterizing the epidemiological transition in Mexico: national and subnational burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors.
title_full_unstemmed	Characterizing the epidemiological transition in Mexico: national and subnational burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors.
title_sort	characterizing the epidemiological transition in mexico: national and subnational burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2008
url	https://doaj.org/article/72aca94747aa4bb4b7754c36de2065b2
work_keys_str_mv	AT gretchenstevens characterizingtheepidemiologicaltransitioninmexiconationalandsubnationalburdenofdiseasesinjuriesandriskfactors AT rodrigohdias characterizingtheepidemiologicaltransitioninmexiconationalandsubnationalburdenofdiseasesinjuriesandriskfactors AT kevinjathomas characterizingtheepidemiologicaltransitioninmexiconationalandsubnationalburdenofdiseasesinjuriesandriskfactors AT juanarivera characterizingtheepidemiologicaltransitioninmexiconationalandsubnationalburdenofdiseasesinjuriesandriskfactors AT nataliecarvalho characterizingtheepidemiologicaltransitioninmexiconationalandsubnationalburdenofdiseasesinjuriesandriskfactors AT simonbarquera characterizingtheepidemiologicaltransitioninmexiconationalandsubnationalburdenofdiseasesinjuriesandriskfactors AT kennethhill characterizingtheepidemiologicaltransitioninmexiconationalandsubnationalburdenofdiseasesinjuriesandriskfactors AT majidezzati characterizingtheepidemiologicaltransitioninmexiconationalandsubnationalburdenofdiseasesinjuriesandriskfactors
_version_	1718414584000282624

Characterizing the epidemiological transition in Mexico: national and subnational burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors.

Ejemplares similares