Octave-Band Four-Beam Antenna Arrays with Stable Beam Direction Fed by Broadband 4 × 4 Butler Matrix

A novel concept of four-beam antenna arrays operating in a one-octave frequency range that allows stable beam directions and beamwidths to be achieved is proposed. As shown, such radiation patterns can be obtained when radiating elements are appropriately spaced and fed by a broadband 4 × 4 Butler m...

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Autores principales:	Andrzej Dudek, Piotr Kanios, Kamil Staszek, Slawomir Gruszczynski, Krzysztof Wincza
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	antenna feeds beam steering Butler matrix microstrip antennas scalability Electronics TK7800-8360
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/72b7c0169cfc444aa97159340d41485d
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:72b7c0169cfc444aa97159340d41485d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:72b7c0169cfc444aa97159340d41485d2021-11-11T15:42:20ZOctave-Band Four-Beam Antenna Arrays with Stable Beam Direction Fed by Broadband 4 × 4 Butler Matrix10.3390/electronics102127122079-9292https://doaj.org/article/72b7c0169cfc444aa97159340d41485d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/10/21/2712https://doaj.org/toc/2079-9292A novel concept of four-beam antenna arrays operating in a one-octave frequency range that allows stable beam directions and beamwidths to be achieved is proposed. As shown, such radiation patterns can be obtained when radiating elements are appropriately spaced and fed by a broadband 4 × 4 Butler matrix with directional filters connected to its outputs. In this solution, broadband radiating elements are arranged in such a way that, for the lower and upper frequencies, two separate subarrays can be distinguished, each one consisting of identically arranged radiating elements. The subarrays are fed by a broadband Butler matrix at the output to which an appropriate feeding network based on directional filters is connected. These filters ensure smooth signal switching across the operational bandwidth between elements utilized at lower and higher frequency bands. Therefore, as shown, it is possible to control both beamwidths and beam directions of the resulting multi-beam antenna arrays. Moreover, two different concepts of the feeding network connected in between the Butler matrix and radiating elements for lowering the sidelobes are discussed. The theoretical analyses of the proposed antenna arrays are shown and confirmed by measurements of the developed two-antenna arrays consisting of eight and twelve radiating elements, operating in a 2–4 GHz frequency range.Andrzej DudekPiotr KaniosKamil StaszekSlawomir GruszczynskiKrzysztof WinczaMDPI AGarticleantenna feedsbeam steeringButler matrixmicrostrip antennasscalabilityElectronicsTK7800-8360ENElectronics, Vol 10, Iss 2712, p 2712 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	antenna feeds beam steering Butler matrix microstrip antennas scalability Electronics TK7800-8360
spellingShingle	antenna feeds beam steering Butler matrix microstrip antennas scalability Electronics TK7800-8360 Andrzej Dudek Piotr Kanios Kamil Staszek Slawomir Gruszczynski Krzysztof Wincza Octave-Band Four-Beam Antenna Arrays with Stable Beam Direction Fed by Broadband 4 × 4 Butler Matrix
description	A novel concept of four-beam antenna arrays operating in a one-octave frequency range that allows stable beam directions and beamwidths to be achieved is proposed. As shown, such radiation patterns can be obtained when radiating elements are appropriately spaced and fed by a broadband 4 × 4 Butler matrix with directional filters connected to its outputs. In this solution, broadband radiating elements are arranged in such a way that, for the lower and upper frequencies, two separate subarrays can be distinguished, each one consisting of identically arranged radiating elements. The subarrays are fed by a broadband Butler matrix at the output to which an appropriate feeding network based on directional filters is connected. These filters ensure smooth signal switching across the operational bandwidth between elements utilized at lower and higher frequency bands. Therefore, as shown, it is possible to control both beamwidths and beam directions of the resulting multi-beam antenna arrays. Moreover, two different concepts of the feeding network connected in between the Butler matrix and radiating elements for lowering the sidelobes are discussed. The theoretical analyses of the proposed antenna arrays are shown and confirmed by measurements of the developed two-antenna arrays consisting of eight and twelve radiating elements, operating in a 2–4 GHz frequency range.
format	article
author	Andrzej Dudek Piotr Kanios Kamil Staszek Slawomir Gruszczynski Krzysztof Wincza
author_facet	Andrzej Dudek Piotr Kanios Kamil Staszek Slawomir Gruszczynski Krzysztof Wincza
author_sort	Andrzej Dudek
title	Octave-Band Four-Beam Antenna Arrays with Stable Beam Direction Fed by Broadband 4 × 4 Butler Matrix
title_short	Octave-Band Four-Beam Antenna Arrays with Stable Beam Direction Fed by Broadband 4 × 4 Butler Matrix
title_full	Octave-Band Four-Beam Antenna Arrays with Stable Beam Direction Fed by Broadband 4 × 4 Butler Matrix
title_fullStr	Octave-Band Four-Beam Antenna Arrays with Stable Beam Direction Fed by Broadband 4 × 4 Butler Matrix
title_full_unstemmed	Octave-Band Four-Beam Antenna Arrays with Stable Beam Direction Fed by Broadband 4 × 4 Butler Matrix
title_sort	octave-band four-beam antenna arrays with stable beam direction fed by broadband 4 × 4 butler matrix
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/72b7c0169cfc444aa97159340d41485d
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Octave-Band Four-Beam Antenna Arrays with Stable Beam Direction Fed by Broadband 4 × 4 Butler Matrix

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