Effect of the novel influenza A (H1N1) virus in the human immune system.

<h4>Background</h4>The pandemic by the novel H1N1 virus has created the need to study any probable effects of that infection in the immune system of the host.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Blood was sampled within the first two days of the presentation of signs of inf...

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Autores principales:	Evangelos J Giamarellos-Bourboulis, Maria Raftogiannis, Anastasia Antonopoulou, Fotini Baziaka, Pantelis Koutoukas, Athina Savva, Theodora Kanni, Marianna Georgitsi, Aikaterini Pistiki, Thomas Tsaganos, Nikolaos Pelekanos, Sofia Athanassia, Labrini Galani, Efthymia Giannitsioti, Dimitra Kavatha, Flora Kontopidou, Maria Mouktaroudi, Garyfallia Poulakou, Vissaria Sakka, Periklis Panagopoulos, Antonios Papadopoulos, Kyriaki Kanellakopoulou, Helen Giamarellou
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2009
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/72dc877a2b4f4d70acc3e048f85057b9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:72dc877a2b4f4d70acc3e048f85057b92021-11-25T06:27:12ZEffect of the novel influenza A (H1N1) virus in the human immune system.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0008393https://doaj.org/article/72dc877a2b4f4d70acc3e048f85057b92009-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20037642/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>The pandemic by the novel H1N1 virus has created the need to study any probable effects of that infection in the immune system of the host.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Blood was sampled within the first two days of the presentation of signs of infection from 10 healthy volunteers; from 18 cases of flu-like syndrome; and from 31 cases of infection by H1N1 confirmed by reverse RT-PCR. Absolute counts of subtypes of monocytes and of lymphocytes were determined after staining with monoclonal antibodies and analysis by flow cytometry. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from patients and stimulated with various bacterial stimuli. Concentrations of tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, IL-18, interferon (FN)-alpha and of IFN-gamma were estimated in supernatants by an enzyme immunoassay. Infection by H1N1 was accompanied by an increase of monocytes. PBMCs of patients evoked strong cytokine production after stimulation with most of bacterial stimuli. Defective cytokine responses were shown in response to stimulation with phytohemagglutin and with heat-killed Streptococcus pneumoniae. Adaptive immune responses of H1N1-infected patients were characterized by decreases of CD4-lymphocytes and of B-lymphocytes and by increase of T-regulatory lymphocytes (Tregs).<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Infection by the H1N1 virus is accompanied by a characteristic impairment of the innate immune responses characterized by defective cytokine responses to S.pneumoniae. Alterations of the adaptive immune responses are predominated by increase of Tregs. These findings signify a predisposition for pneumococcal infections after infection by H1N1 influenza.Evangelos J Giamarellos-BourboulisMaria RaftogiannisAnastasia AntonopoulouFotini BaziakaPantelis KoutoukasAthina SavvaTheodora KanniMarianna GeorgitsiAikaterini PistikiThomas TsaganosNikolaos PelekanosSofia AthanassiaLabrini GalaniEfthymia GiannitsiotiDimitra KavathaFlora KontopidouMaria MouktaroudiGaryfallia PoulakouVissaria SakkaPeriklis PanagopoulosAntonios PapadopoulosKyriaki KanellakopoulouHelen GiamarellouPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 4, Iss 12, p e8393 (2009)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Evangelos J Giamarellos-Bourboulis Maria Raftogiannis Anastasia Antonopoulou Fotini Baziaka Pantelis Koutoukas Athina Savva Theodora Kanni Marianna Georgitsi Aikaterini Pistiki Thomas Tsaganos Nikolaos Pelekanos Sofia Athanassia Labrini Galani Efthymia Giannitsioti Dimitra Kavatha Flora Kontopidou Maria Mouktaroudi Garyfallia Poulakou Vissaria Sakka Periklis Panagopoulos Antonios Papadopoulos Kyriaki Kanellakopoulou Helen Giamarellou Effect of the novel influenza A (H1N1) virus in the human immune system.
description	<h4>Background</h4>The pandemic by the novel H1N1 virus has created the need to study any probable effects of that infection in the immune system of the host.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Blood was sampled within the first two days of the presentation of signs of infection from 10 healthy volunteers; from 18 cases of flu-like syndrome; and from 31 cases of infection by H1N1 confirmed by reverse RT-PCR. Absolute counts of subtypes of monocytes and of lymphocytes were determined after staining with monoclonal antibodies and analysis by flow cytometry. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from patients and stimulated with various bacterial stimuli. Concentrations of tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, IL-18, interferon (FN)-alpha and of IFN-gamma were estimated in supernatants by an enzyme immunoassay. Infection by H1N1 was accompanied by an increase of monocytes. PBMCs of patients evoked strong cytokine production after stimulation with most of bacterial stimuli. Defective cytokine responses were shown in response to stimulation with phytohemagglutin and with heat-killed Streptococcus pneumoniae. Adaptive immune responses of H1N1-infected patients were characterized by decreases of CD4-lymphocytes and of B-lymphocytes and by increase of T-regulatory lymphocytes (Tregs).<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Infection by the H1N1 virus is accompanied by a characteristic impairment of the innate immune responses characterized by defective cytokine responses to S.pneumoniae. Alterations of the adaptive immune responses are predominated by increase of Tregs. These findings signify a predisposition for pneumococcal infections after infection by H1N1 influenza.
format	article
author	Evangelos J Giamarellos-Bourboulis Maria Raftogiannis Anastasia Antonopoulou Fotini Baziaka Pantelis Koutoukas Athina Savva Theodora Kanni Marianna Georgitsi Aikaterini Pistiki Thomas Tsaganos Nikolaos Pelekanos Sofia Athanassia Labrini Galani Efthymia Giannitsioti Dimitra Kavatha Flora Kontopidou Maria Mouktaroudi Garyfallia Poulakou Vissaria Sakka Periklis Panagopoulos Antonios Papadopoulos Kyriaki Kanellakopoulou Helen Giamarellou
author_facet	Evangelos J Giamarellos-Bourboulis Maria Raftogiannis Anastasia Antonopoulou Fotini Baziaka Pantelis Koutoukas Athina Savva Theodora Kanni Marianna Georgitsi Aikaterini Pistiki Thomas Tsaganos Nikolaos Pelekanos Sofia Athanassia Labrini Galani Efthymia Giannitsioti Dimitra Kavatha Flora Kontopidou Maria Mouktaroudi Garyfallia Poulakou Vissaria Sakka Periklis Panagopoulos Antonios Papadopoulos Kyriaki Kanellakopoulou Helen Giamarellou
author_sort	Evangelos J Giamarellos-Bourboulis
title	Effect of the novel influenza A (H1N1) virus in the human immune system.
title_short	Effect of the novel influenza A (H1N1) virus in the human immune system.
title_full	Effect of the novel influenza A (H1N1) virus in the human immune system.
title_fullStr	Effect of the novel influenza A (H1N1) virus in the human immune system.
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of the novel influenza A (H1N1) virus in the human immune system.
title_sort	effect of the novel influenza a (h1n1) virus in the human immune system.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2009
url	https://doaj.org/article/72dc877a2b4f4d70acc3e048f85057b9
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Effect of the novel influenza A (H1N1) virus in the human immune system.

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