Molecular Mechanisms of Nutrient-Mediated Regulation of MicroRNAs in Pancreatic β-cells

Pancreatic β-cells within the islets of Langerhans respond to rising blood glucose levels by secreting insulin that stimulates glucose uptake by peripheral tissues to maintain whole body energy homeostasis. To different extents, failure of β-cell function and/or β-cell loss contribute to the develop...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Anna Sałówka, Aida Martinez-Sanchez
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	miRNA islet β-cell type 2 diabetes glucose nutrients Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology RC648-665
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/72ee82b219284ae1a16e8d2b951e5da0
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:72ee82b219284ae1a16e8d2b951e5da0
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:72ee82b219284ae1a16e8d2b951e5da02021-11-04T08:41:04ZMolecular Mechanisms of Nutrient-Mediated Regulation of MicroRNAs in Pancreatic β-cells1664-239210.3389/fendo.2021.704824https://doaj.org/article/72ee82b219284ae1a16e8d2b951e5da02021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.704824/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-2392Pancreatic β-cells within the islets of Langerhans respond to rising blood glucose levels by secreting insulin that stimulates glucose uptake by peripheral tissues to maintain whole body energy homeostasis. To different extents, failure of β-cell function and/or β-cell loss contribute to the development of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. Chronically elevated glycaemia and high circulating free fatty acids, as often seen in obese diabetics, accelerate β-cell failure and the development of the disease. MiRNAs are essential for endocrine development and for mature pancreatic β-cell function and are dysregulated in diabetes. In this review, we summarize the different molecular mechanisms that control miRNA expression and function, including transcription, stability, posttranscriptional modifications, and interaction with RNA binding proteins and other non-coding RNAs. We also discuss which of these mechanisms are responsible for the nutrient-mediated regulation of the activity of β-cell miRNAs and identify some of the more important knowledge gaps in the field.Anna SałówkaAida Martinez-SanchezFrontiers Media S.A.articlemiRNAisletβ-celltype 2 diabetesglucosenutrientsDiseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinologyRC648-665ENFrontiers in Endocrinology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	miRNA islet β-cell type 2 diabetes glucose nutrients Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology RC648-665
spellingShingle	miRNA islet β-cell type 2 diabetes glucose nutrients Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology RC648-665 Anna Sałówka Aida Martinez-Sanchez Molecular Mechanisms of Nutrient-Mediated Regulation of MicroRNAs in Pancreatic β-cells
description	Pancreatic β-cells within the islets of Langerhans respond to rising blood glucose levels by secreting insulin that stimulates glucose uptake by peripheral tissues to maintain whole body energy homeostasis. To different extents, failure of β-cell function and/or β-cell loss contribute to the development of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. Chronically elevated glycaemia and high circulating free fatty acids, as often seen in obese diabetics, accelerate β-cell failure and the development of the disease. MiRNAs are essential for endocrine development and for mature pancreatic β-cell function and are dysregulated in diabetes. In this review, we summarize the different molecular mechanisms that control miRNA expression and function, including transcription, stability, posttranscriptional modifications, and interaction with RNA binding proteins and other non-coding RNAs. We also discuss which of these mechanisms are responsible for the nutrient-mediated regulation of the activity of β-cell miRNAs and identify some of the more important knowledge gaps in the field.
format	article
author	Anna Sałówka Aida Martinez-Sanchez
author_facet	Anna Sałówka Aida Martinez-Sanchez
author_sort	Anna Sałówka
title	Molecular Mechanisms of Nutrient-Mediated Regulation of MicroRNAs in Pancreatic β-cells
title_short	Molecular Mechanisms of Nutrient-Mediated Regulation of MicroRNAs in Pancreatic β-cells
title_full	Molecular Mechanisms of Nutrient-Mediated Regulation of MicroRNAs in Pancreatic β-cells
title_fullStr	Molecular Mechanisms of Nutrient-Mediated Regulation of MicroRNAs in Pancreatic β-cells
title_full_unstemmed	Molecular Mechanisms of Nutrient-Mediated Regulation of MicroRNAs in Pancreatic β-cells
title_sort	molecular mechanisms of nutrient-mediated regulation of micrornas in pancreatic β-cells
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/72ee82b219284ae1a16e8d2b951e5da0
work_keys_str_mv	AT annasałowka molecularmechanismsofnutrientmediatedregulationofmicrornasinpancreaticbcells AT aidamartinezsanchez molecularmechanismsofnutrientmediatedregulationofmicrornasinpancreaticbcells
_version_	1718445028945166336

Molecular Mechanisms of Nutrient-Mediated Regulation of MicroRNAs in Pancreatic β-cells

Ejemplares similares