Chemical and Biological Characterization of the Anticancer Potency of <i>Salvia fruticosa</i> in a Model of Human Malignant Melanoma

Malignant melanoma is one of the most aggressive types of skin cancer with an increasing incidence worldwide. Thus, the development of innovative therapeutic approaches is of great importance. <i>Salvia fruticosa</i> (SF) is known for its anticancer properties and in this context, we aim...

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Autores principales:	Sotiris Kyriakou, Venetia Tragkola, Michael Plioukas, Ioannis Anestopoulos, Paschalina S. Chatzopoulou, Eirini Sarrou, Dimitrios T. Trafalis, Maria V. Deligiorgi, Rodrigo Franco, Aglaia Pappa, Mihalis I. Panayiotidis
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Salvia fruticosa</i> melanoma oxidative stress flavonoids phenolics apoptosis Botany QK1-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/72f215f3512b44c1a186b5869ee5182a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:72f215f3512b44c1a186b5869ee5182a2021-11-25T18:46:51ZChemical and Biological Characterization of the Anticancer Potency of <i>Salvia fruticosa</i> in a Model of Human Malignant Melanoma10.3390/plants101124722223-7747https://doaj.org/article/72f215f3512b44c1a186b5869ee5182a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/11/2472https://doaj.org/toc/2223-7747Malignant melanoma is one of the most aggressive types of skin cancer with an increasing incidence worldwide. Thus, the development of innovative therapeutic approaches is of great importance. <i>Salvia fruticosa</i> (SF) is known for its anticancer properties and in this context, we aimed to investigate its potential anti-melanoma activity in an in vitro model of human malignant melanoma. Cytotoxicity was assessed through a colorimetric-based sulforhodamine-B (SRB) assay in primary malignant melanoma (A375), non-malignant melanoma epidermoid carcinoma (A431) and non-tumorigenic melanocyte neighbouring keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells. Among eight (8) different fractions of <i>S. fruticosa</i> extracts (SF1-SF8) tested, SF3 was found to possess significant cytotoxic activity against A375 cells, while A431 and HaCaT cells remained relatively resistant or exerted no cytotoxicity, respectively. In addition, the total phenolic (Folin–Ciocalteu assay) and total flavonoid content of SF extracts was estimated, whereas the antioxidant capacity was measured via the inhibition of <i>tert</i>-butyl hydroperoxide-induced lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation levels. Finally, apoptotic cell death was assessed by utilizing a commercially available kit for the activation of caspases - 3, - 8 and - 9. In conclusion, the anti-melanoma properties of SF3 involve the induction of both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathway(s), as evidenced by the increased activity levels of caspases - 8, and - 9, respectively.Sotiris KyriakouVenetia TragkolaMichael PlioukasIoannis AnestopoulosPaschalina S. ChatzopoulouEirini SarrouDimitrios T. TrafalisMaria V. DeligiorgiRodrigo FrancoAglaia PappaMihalis I. PanayiotidisMDPI AGarticle<i>Salvia fruticosa</i>melanomaoxidative stressflavonoidsphenolicsapoptosisBotanyQK1-989ENPlants, Vol 10, Iss 2472, p 2472 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Salvia fruticosa</i> melanoma oxidative stress flavonoids phenolics apoptosis Botany QK1-989
spellingShingle	<i>Salvia fruticosa</i> melanoma oxidative stress flavonoids phenolics apoptosis Botany QK1-989 Sotiris Kyriakou Venetia Tragkola Michael Plioukas Ioannis Anestopoulos Paschalina S. Chatzopoulou Eirini Sarrou Dimitrios T. Trafalis Maria V. Deligiorgi Rodrigo Franco Aglaia Pappa Mihalis I. Panayiotidis Chemical and Biological Characterization of the Anticancer Potency of <i>Salvia fruticosa</i> in a Model of Human Malignant Melanoma
description	Malignant melanoma is one of the most aggressive types of skin cancer with an increasing incidence worldwide. Thus, the development of innovative therapeutic approaches is of great importance. <i>Salvia fruticosa</i> (SF) is known for its anticancer properties and in this context, we aimed to investigate its potential anti-melanoma activity in an in vitro model of human malignant melanoma. Cytotoxicity was assessed through a colorimetric-based sulforhodamine-B (SRB) assay in primary malignant melanoma (A375), non-malignant melanoma epidermoid carcinoma (A431) and non-tumorigenic melanocyte neighbouring keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells. Among eight (8) different fractions of <i>S. fruticosa</i> extracts (SF1-SF8) tested, SF3 was found to possess significant cytotoxic activity against A375 cells, while A431 and HaCaT cells remained relatively resistant or exerted no cytotoxicity, respectively. In addition, the total phenolic (Folin–Ciocalteu assay) and total flavonoid content of SF extracts was estimated, whereas the antioxidant capacity was measured via the inhibition of <i>tert</i>-butyl hydroperoxide-induced lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation levels. Finally, apoptotic cell death was assessed by utilizing a commercially available kit for the activation of caspases - 3, - 8 and - 9. In conclusion, the anti-melanoma properties of SF3 involve the induction of both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathway(s), as evidenced by the increased activity levels of caspases - 8, and - 9, respectively.
format	article
author	Sotiris Kyriakou Venetia Tragkola Michael Plioukas Ioannis Anestopoulos Paschalina S. Chatzopoulou Eirini Sarrou Dimitrios T. Trafalis Maria V. Deligiorgi Rodrigo Franco Aglaia Pappa Mihalis I. Panayiotidis
author_facet	Sotiris Kyriakou Venetia Tragkola Michael Plioukas Ioannis Anestopoulos Paschalina S. Chatzopoulou Eirini Sarrou Dimitrios T. Trafalis Maria V. Deligiorgi Rodrigo Franco Aglaia Pappa Mihalis I. Panayiotidis
author_sort	Sotiris Kyriakou
title	Chemical and Biological Characterization of the Anticancer Potency of <i>Salvia fruticosa</i> in a Model of Human Malignant Melanoma
title_short	Chemical and Biological Characterization of the Anticancer Potency of <i>Salvia fruticosa</i> in a Model of Human Malignant Melanoma
title_full	Chemical and Biological Characterization of the Anticancer Potency of <i>Salvia fruticosa</i> in a Model of Human Malignant Melanoma
title_fullStr	Chemical and Biological Characterization of the Anticancer Potency of <i>Salvia fruticosa</i> in a Model of Human Malignant Melanoma
title_full_unstemmed	Chemical and Biological Characterization of the Anticancer Potency of <i>Salvia fruticosa</i> in a Model of Human Malignant Melanoma
title_sort	chemical and biological characterization of the anticancer potency of <i>salvia fruticosa</i> in a model of human malignant melanoma
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/72f215f3512b44c1a186b5869ee5182a
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Chemical and Biological Characterization of the Anticancer Potency of <i>Salvia fruticosa</i> in a Model of Human Malignant Melanoma

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