The Contribution of Cardiac Fatty Acid Oxidation to Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Severity

Diabetes is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease via contributing and/or triggering significant cellular signaling and metabolic and structural alterations at the level of the heart and the whole body. The main cause of mortality and morbidity in diabetic patients is car...

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Autores principales:	Qutuba G. Karwi, Qiuyu Sun, Gary D. Lopaschuk
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	diabetic cardiomyopathy fatty acid oxidation glucose oxidation cardiac insulin resistance lipotoxicity ischemia/reperfusion Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7326be5303cd49ca8f677c296ee98e8a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7326be5303cd49ca8f677c296ee98e8a2021-11-25T17:13:23ZThe Contribution of Cardiac Fatty Acid Oxidation to Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Severity10.3390/cells101132592073-4409https://doaj.org/article/7326be5303cd49ca8f677c296ee98e8a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/11/3259https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4409Diabetes is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease via contributing and/or triggering significant cellular signaling and metabolic and structural alterations at the level of the heart and the whole body. The main cause of mortality and morbidity in diabetic patients is cardiovascular disease including diabetic cardiomyopathy. Therefore, understanding how diabetes increases the incidence of diabetic cardiomyopathy and how it mediates the major perturbations in cell signaling and energy metabolism should help in the development of therapeutics to prevent these perturbations. One of the significant metabolic alterations in diabetes is a marked increase in cardiac fatty acid oxidation rates and the domination of fatty acids as the major energy source in the heart. This increased reliance of the heart on fatty acids in the diabetic has a negative impact on cardiac function and structure through a number of mechanisms. It also has a detrimental effect on cardiac efficiency and worsens the energy status in diabetes, mainly through inhibiting cardiac glucose oxidation. Furthermore, accelerated cardiac fatty acid oxidation rates in diabetes also make the heart more vulnerable to ischemic injury. In this review, we discuss how cardiac energy metabolism is altered in diabetic cardiomyopathy and the impact of cardiac insulin resistance on the contribution of glucose and fatty acid to overall cardiac ATP production and cardiac efficiency. Furthermore, how diabetes influences the susceptibility of the myocardium to ischemia/reperfusion injury and the role of the changes in glucose and fatty acid oxidation in mediating these effects are also discussed.Qutuba G. KarwiQiuyu SunGary D. LopaschukMDPI AGarticlediabetic cardiomyopathyfatty acid oxidationglucose oxidationcardiac insulin resistancelipotoxicityischemia/reperfusionBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENCells, Vol 10, Iss 3259, p 3259 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	diabetic cardiomyopathy fatty acid oxidation glucose oxidation cardiac insulin resistance lipotoxicity ischemia/reperfusion Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	diabetic cardiomyopathy fatty acid oxidation glucose oxidation cardiac insulin resistance lipotoxicity ischemia/reperfusion Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Qutuba G. Karwi Qiuyu Sun Gary D. Lopaschuk The Contribution of Cardiac Fatty Acid Oxidation to Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Severity
description	Diabetes is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease via contributing and/or triggering significant cellular signaling and metabolic and structural alterations at the level of the heart and the whole body. The main cause of mortality and morbidity in diabetic patients is cardiovascular disease including diabetic cardiomyopathy. Therefore, understanding how diabetes increases the incidence of diabetic cardiomyopathy and how it mediates the major perturbations in cell signaling and energy metabolism should help in the development of therapeutics to prevent these perturbations. One of the significant metabolic alterations in diabetes is a marked increase in cardiac fatty acid oxidation rates and the domination of fatty acids as the major energy source in the heart. This increased reliance of the heart on fatty acids in the diabetic has a negative impact on cardiac function and structure through a number of mechanisms. It also has a detrimental effect on cardiac efficiency and worsens the energy status in diabetes, mainly through inhibiting cardiac glucose oxidation. Furthermore, accelerated cardiac fatty acid oxidation rates in diabetes also make the heart more vulnerable to ischemic injury. In this review, we discuss how cardiac energy metabolism is altered in diabetic cardiomyopathy and the impact of cardiac insulin resistance on the contribution of glucose and fatty acid to overall cardiac ATP production and cardiac efficiency. Furthermore, how diabetes influences the susceptibility of the myocardium to ischemia/reperfusion injury and the role of the changes in glucose and fatty acid oxidation in mediating these effects are also discussed.
format	article
author	Qutuba G. Karwi Qiuyu Sun Gary D. Lopaschuk
author_facet	Qutuba G. Karwi Qiuyu Sun Gary D. Lopaschuk
author_sort	Qutuba G. Karwi
title	The Contribution of Cardiac Fatty Acid Oxidation to Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Severity
title_short	The Contribution of Cardiac Fatty Acid Oxidation to Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Severity
title_full	The Contribution of Cardiac Fatty Acid Oxidation to Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Severity
title_fullStr	The Contribution of Cardiac Fatty Acid Oxidation to Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Severity
title_full_unstemmed	The Contribution of Cardiac Fatty Acid Oxidation to Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Severity
title_sort	contribution of cardiac fatty acid oxidation to diabetic cardiomyopathy severity
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7326be5303cd49ca8f677c296ee98e8a
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The Contribution of Cardiac Fatty Acid Oxidation to Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Severity

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