Ancient Mitogenomes Reveal the Domestication and Distribution of Cattle During the Longshan Culture Period in North China

Cattle, as an important tool for agricultural production in ancient China, have a complex history of domestication and distribution in China. Although it is generally accepted that ancient Chinese taurine cattle originated from the Near East, the explanation regarding their spread through China and...

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Autores principales:	Xing Zhang, Liu Yang, Lingyun Hou, Hua Li, Hai Xiang, Xingbo Zhao
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	Bos taurus Ancient DNA mitochondrial genome domestication longshan culture Genetics QH426-470
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/73348742df5a4aa097d0083867646cea
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:73348742df5a4aa097d0083867646cea2021-11-30T12:55:03ZAncient Mitogenomes Reveal the Domestication and Distribution of Cattle During the Longshan Culture Period in North China1664-802110.3389/fgene.2021.759827https://doaj.org/article/73348742df5a4aa097d0083867646cea2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2021.759827/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-8021Cattle, as an important tool for agricultural production in ancient China, have a complex history of domestication and distribution in China. Although it is generally accepted that ancient Chinese taurine cattle originated from the Near East, the explanation regarding their spread through China and whether or not this spread was associated with native aurochs during ancient times are still unclear. In this study, we obtained three nearly complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) from bovine remains dating back ca. 4,000 years at the Taosi and Guchengzhai sites in North China. For the first time at the mitogenome level, phylogenetic analyses confirmed the approximately 4,000-year-old bovines from North China as taurine cattle. All ancient cattle from both sites belonged to the T3 haplogroup, suggesting their origin from the Near East. The high affinity between ancient samples and southern Chinese taurine cattle indicated that ancient Chinese cattle had a genetic contribution to the taurine cattle of South China. A rapid decrease in the female effective population size ca. 4.65 thousand years ago (kya) and a steep increase ca. 1.99 kya occurred in Chinese taurine cattle. Overall, these results provide increasing evidence of the origin of cattle in the middle Yellow River region of China.Xing ZhangXing ZhangLiu YangLiu YangLingyun HouHua LiHai XiangXingbo ZhaoFrontiers Media S.A.articleBos taurusAncient DNAmitochondrial genomedomesticationlongshan cultureGeneticsQH426-470ENFrontiers in Genetics, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Bos taurus Ancient DNA mitochondrial genome domestication longshan culture Genetics QH426-470
spellingShingle	Bos taurus Ancient DNA mitochondrial genome domestication longshan culture Genetics QH426-470 Xing Zhang Xing Zhang Liu Yang Liu Yang Lingyun Hou Hua Li Hai Xiang Xingbo Zhao Ancient Mitogenomes Reveal the Domestication and Distribution of Cattle During the Longshan Culture Period in North China
description	Cattle, as an important tool for agricultural production in ancient China, have a complex history of domestication and distribution in China. Although it is generally accepted that ancient Chinese taurine cattle originated from the Near East, the explanation regarding their spread through China and whether or not this spread was associated with native aurochs during ancient times are still unclear. In this study, we obtained three nearly complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) from bovine remains dating back ca. 4,000 years at the Taosi and Guchengzhai sites in North China. For the first time at the mitogenome level, phylogenetic analyses confirmed the approximately 4,000-year-old bovines from North China as taurine cattle. All ancient cattle from both sites belonged to the T3 haplogroup, suggesting their origin from the Near East. The high affinity between ancient samples and southern Chinese taurine cattle indicated that ancient Chinese cattle had a genetic contribution to the taurine cattle of South China. A rapid decrease in the female effective population size ca. 4.65 thousand years ago (kya) and a steep increase ca. 1.99 kya occurred in Chinese taurine cattle. Overall, these results provide increasing evidence of the origin of cattle in the middle Yellow River region of China.
format	article
author	Xing Zhang Xing Zhang Liu Yang Liu Yang Lingyun Hou Hua Li Hai Xiang Xingbo Zhao
author_facet	Xing Zhang Xing Zhang Liu Yang Liu Yang Lingyun Hou Hua Li Hai Xiang Xingbo Zhao
author_sort	Xing Zhang
title	Ancient Mitogenomes Reveal the Domestication and Distribution of Cattle During the Longshan Culture Period in North China
title_short	Ancient Mitogenomes Reveal the Domestication and Distribution of Cattle During the Longshan Culture Period in North China
title_full	Ancient Mitogenomes Reveal the Domestication and Distribution of Cattle During the Longshan Culture Period in North China
title_fullStr	Ancient Mitogenomes Reveal the Domestication and Distribution of Cattle During the Longshan Culture Period in North China
title_full_unstemmed	Ancient Mitogenomes Reveal the Domestication and Distribution of Cattle During the Longshan Culture Period in North China
title_sort	ancient mitogenomes reveal the domestication and distribution of cattle during the longshan culture period in north china
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/73348742df5a4aa097d0083867646cea
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Ancient Mitogenomes Reveal the Domestication and Distribution of Cattle During the Longshan Culture Period in North China

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