Flowering Biology of <i>Rhododendron pulchrum</i>

To study the flowering biology of <i>Rhododendron pulchrum,</i> we used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and paraffin sectioning to observe the microstructures of its floral organs, a methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric assay to detect pollen viability in different periods,...

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Autores principales:	Jie Qiu, Chao Gao, Hongli Wei, Biao Wang, Yang Hu, Zhiyan Guo, Li Long, Lu Yang, Huie Li
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Rhododendron pulchrum</i> flowering phenology pollen breeding system reproduction Plant culture SB1-1110
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/735fc32d148d4ba9aaede0a053dddfe6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:735fc32d148d4ba9aaede0a053dddfe62021-11-25T17:47:44ZFlowering Biology of <i>Rhododendron pulchrum</i>10.3390/horticulturae71105082311-7524https://doaj.org/article/735fc32d148d4ba9aaede0a053dddfe62021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/7/11/508https://doaj.org/toc/2311-7524To study the flowering biology of <i>Rhododendron pulchrum,</i> we used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and paraffin sectioning to observe the microstructures of its floral organs, a methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric assay to detect pollen viability in different periods, continuous observations to study flowering phenology, and artificial pollination and a benzidine-hydrogen peroxide method to determine stigma receptivity. <i>R. pulchrum</i> exhibited a centralized flowering phenology. The protogynous stigmas of <i>R. pulchrum</i> were able to receive pollen before flowering. The pollen grains of <i>R. pulchrum</i> fused into tetrads, the average ratio of the polar axis length to the equatorial axis length (P/E) was 1.05, and the pollen viability was highest in the initial flowering period, reaching 88.98%. The pollen/ovule (P/O) ratio was 266–328, and the outcrossing index (OCI) was 4; the vitality of <i>R. pulchrum</i> pollen remained high in the initial flowering and blooming periods. Compared with the lifespan of a single flower, pollen vitality remained high for most of the experimental period, thereby improving male fitness. The P/O ratio suggests that <i>R. pulchrum</i> may have a facultative outcrossing breeding system. The OCI estimation suggests that <i>R. pulchrum</i> is partially self-compatible, most likely requiring pollinators to complete pollination.Jie QiuChao GaoHongli WeiBiao WangYang HuZhiyan GuoLi LongLu YangHuie LiMDPI AGarticle<i>Rhododendron pulchrum</i>flowering phenologypollenbreeding systemreproductionPlant cultureSB1-1110ENHorticulturae, Vol 7, Iss 508, p 508 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Rhododendron pulchrum</i> flowering phenology pollen breeding system reproduction Plant culture SB1-1110
spellingShingle	<i>Rhododendron pulchrum</i> flowering phenology pollen breeding system reproduction Plant culture SB1-1110 Jie Qiu Chao Gao Hongli Wei Biao Wang Yang Hu Zhiyan Guo Li Long Lu Yang Huie Li Flowering Biology of <i>Rhododendron pulchrum</i>
description	To study the flowering biology of <i>Rhododendron pulchrum,</i> we used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and paraffin sectioning to observe the microstructures of its floral organs, a methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric assay to detect pollen viability in different periods, continuous observations to study flowering phenology, and artificial pollination and a benzidine-hydrogen peroxide method to determine stigma receptivity. <i>R. pulchrum</i> exhibited a centralized flowering phenology. The protogynous stigmas of <i>R. pulchrum</i> were able to receive pollen before flowering. The pollen grains of <i>R. pulchrum</i> fused into tetrads, the average ratio of the polar axis length to the equatorial axis length (P/E) was 1.05, and the pollen viability was highest in the initial flowering period, reaching 88.98%. The pollen/ovule (P/O) ratio was 266–328, and the outcrossing index (OCI) was 4; the vitality of <i>R. pulchrum</i> pollen remained high in the initial flowering and blooming periods. Compared with the lifespan of a single flower, pollen vitality remained high for most of the experimental period, thereby improving male fitness. The P/O ratio suggests that <i>R. pulchrum</i> may have a facultative outcrossing breeding system. The OCI estimation suggests that <i>R. pulchrum</i> is partially self-compatible, most likely requiring pollinators to complete pollination.
format	article
author	Jie Qiu Chao Gao Hongli Wei Biao Wang Yang Hu Zhiyan Guo Li Long Lu Yang Huie Li
author_facet	Jie Qiu Chao Gao Hongli Wei Biao Wang Yang Hu Zhiyan Guo Li Long Lu Yang Huie Li
author_sort	Jie Qiu
title	Flowering Biology of <i>Rhododendron pulchrum</i>
title_short	Flowering Biology of <i>Rhododendron pulchrum</i>
title_full	Flowering Biology of <i>Rhododendron pulchrum</i>
title_fullStr	Flowering Biology of <i>Rhododendron pulchrum</i>
title_full_unstemmed	Flowering Biology of <i>Rhododendron pulchrum</i>
title_sort	flowering biology of <i>rhododendron pulchrum</i>
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/735fc32d148d4ba9aaede0a053dddfe6
work_keys_str_mv	AT jieqiu floweringbiologyofirhododendronpulchrumi AT chaogao floweringbiologyofirhododendronpulchrumi AT hongliwei floweringbiologyofirhododendronpulchrumi AT biaowang floweringbiologyofirhododendronpulchrumi AT yanghu floweringbiologyofirhododendronpulchrumi AT zhiyanguo floweringbiologyofirhododendronpulchrumi AT lilong floweringbiologyofirhododendronpulchrumi AT luyang floweringbiologyofirhododendronpulchrumi AT huieli floweringbiologyofirhododendronpulchrumi
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Flowering Biology of <i>Rhododendron pulchrum</i>

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