Is Gut Microbiota a Key Player in Epilepsy Onset? A Longitudinal Study in Drug-Naive Children

Microbiota alterations have been recently investigated in individuals with epilepsy and in other neurological diseases as environmental factors that play a role, by acting through the gut-brain axis, in the pathological process. Most studies focus on the contribution of bacterial communities in refr...

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Autores principales:	Camilla Ceccarani, Ilaria Viganò, Emerenziana Ottaviano, Maria Gaia Redaelli, Marco Severgnini, Aglaia Vignoli, Elisa Borghi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	epilepsy gut microbiota seizures inflammation Akkermansia Proteobacteria Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/738f1536fdf44a1787baa0e7ba73e16e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:738f1536fdf44a1787baa0e7ba73e16e2021-12-03T04:47:09ZIs Gut Microbiota a Key Player in Epilepsy Onset? A Longitudinal Study in Drug-Naive Children2235-298810.3389/fcimb.2021.749509https://doaj.org/article/738f1536fdf44a1787baa0e7ba73e16e2021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2021.749509/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2235-2988Microbiota alterations have been recently investigated in individuals with epilepsy and in other neurological diseases as environmental factors that play a role, by acting through the gut-brain axis, in the pathological process. Most studies focus on the contribution of bacterial communities in refractory epilepsy and suggest a beneficial role of ketogenic diet in modulating the gut microbiota and seizure occurrence. However, they do not evaluate whether epilepsy itself alters the gut microbiota in these patients or if the gut microbial communities could contribute as a seizure trigger. In this pilot study, we performed 16S rRNA sequencing and investigated the gut microbial communities of eight children at their seizure onset and after anti-seizure was started (one year follow-up) and we compared microbial data with seven healthy children, age- and sex-matched. In drug-naive subjects, we observed a microbial signature that shared several features with those reported in refractory epilepsy, such as an increased abundance in Akkermansia spp. and Proteobacteria and a decreased relative abundance in Faecalibacterium spp.We suggest that a bacterial-mediated proinflammatory milieu could contribute to seizure occurrence in children with new onset of epilepsy, as already reported for individuals with drug-resistant epilepsy, and that it could vary during treatment in those who are drug-responsive.Camilla CeccaraniIlaria ViganòEmerenziana OttavianoMaria Gaia RedaelliMarco SevergniniAglaia VignoliAglaia VignoliElisa BorghiFrontiers Media S.A.articleepilepsygut microbiotaseizuresinflammationAkkermansiaProteobacteriaMicrobiologyQR1-502ENFrontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Vol 11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	epilepsy gut microbiota seizures inflammation Akkermansia Proteobacteria Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	epilepsy gut microbiota seizures inflammation Akkermansia Proteobacteria Microbiology QR1-502 Camilla Ceccarani Ilaria Viganò Emerenziana Ottaviano Maria Gaia Redaelli Marco Severgnini Aglaia Vignoli Aglaia Vignoli Elisa Borghi Is Gut Microbiota a Key Player in Epilepsy Onset? A Longitudinal Study in Drug-Naive Children
description	Microbiota alterations have been recently investigated in individuals with epilepsy and in other neurological diseases as environmental factors that play a role, by acting through the gut-brain axis, in the pathological process. Most studies focus on the contribution of bacterial communities in refractory epilepsy and suggest a beneficial role of ketogenic diet in modulating the gut microbiota and seizure occurrence. However, they do not evaluate whether epilepsy itself alters the gut microbiota in these patients or if the gut microbial communities could contribute as a seizure trigger. In this pilot study, we performed 16S rRNA sequencing and investigated the gut microbial communities of eight children at their seizure onset and after anti-seizure was started (one year follow-up) and we compared microbial data with seven healthy children, age- and sex-matched. In drug-naive subjects, we observed a microbial signature that shared several features with those reported in refractory epilepsy, such as an increased abundance in Akkermansia spp. and Proteobacteria and a decreased relative abundance in Faecalibacterium spp.We suggest that a bacterial-mediated proinflammatory milieu could contribute to seizure occurrence in children with new onset of epilepsy, as already reported for individuals with drug-resistant epilepsy, and that it could vary during treatment in those who are drug-responsive.
format	article
author	Camilla Ceccarani Ilaria Viganò Emerenziana Ottaviano Maria Gaia Redaelli Marco Severgnini Aglaia Vignoli Aglaia Vignoli Elisa Borghi
author_facet	Camilla Ceccarani Ilaria Viganò Emerenziana Ottaviano Maria Gaia Redaelli Marco Severgnini Aglaia Vignoli Aglaia Vignoli Elisa Borghi
author_sort	Camilla Ceccarani
title	Is Gut Microbiota a Key Player in Epilepsy Onset? A Longitudinal Study in Drug-Naive Children
title_short	Is Gut Microbiota a Key Player in Epilepsy Onset? A Longitudinal Study in Drug-Naive Children
title_full	Is Gut Microbiota a Key Player in Epilepsy Onset? A Longitudinal Study in Drug-Naive Children
title_fullStr	Is Gut Microbiota a Key Player in Epilepsy Onset? A Longitudinal Study in Drug-Naive Children
title_full_unstemmed	Is Gut Microbiota a Key Player in Epilepsy Onset? A Longitudinal Study in Drug-Naive Children
title_sort	is gut microbiota a key player in epilepsy onset? a longitudinal study in drug-naive children
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/738f1536fdf44a1787baa0e7ba73e16e
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Is Gut Microbiota a Key Player in Epilepsy Onset? A Longitudinal Study in Drug-Naive Children

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