Common origin of methylenedioxy ring degradation and demethylation in bacteria

Abstract Plants produce many specific secondary metabolites as a response to environmental stress, especially biological stress. These compounds show strong biological activities and high stability against degradation by microbes and animals. Berberine, a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, is found in man...

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Autores principales:	Hisashi Takeda, Kazuki Ishikawa, Hinaka Yoshida, Daisuke Kasai, Daigo Wakana, Masao Fukuda, Fumihiko Sato, Tomoo Hosoe
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/73af0d3f7204474aaa3f3aa3a46ec092
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:73af0d3f7204474aaa3f3aa3a46ec0922021-12-02T16:08:21ZCommon origin of methylenedioxy ring degradation and demethylation in bacteria10.1038/s41598-017-07370-x2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/73af0d3f7204474aaa3f3aa3a46ec0922017-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07370-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Plants produce many specific secondary metabolites as a response to environmental stress, especially biological stress. These compounds show strong biological activities and high stability against degradation by microbes and animals. Berberine, a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, is found in many plant species and has strong antimicrobial activity, and is often included in traditional herbal medicines. We previously investigated how berberine is degraded in nature and we isolated two berberine-utilizing bacteria. In this study, we characterized the gene encoding the enzyme that degrades the 2,3-methylenedioxy ring of berberine; this ring is important for its activity and stability. Further characterization of several other berberine-utilizing bacteria and the genes encoding key demethylenation enzymes revealed that these enzymes are tetrahydrofolate dependent and similar to demethylation enzymes such as GcvT. Because the degradation of O-methyl groups or the methylenedioxy ring in phenolic compounds such as lignin, lignan and many other natural products, including berberine, is the key step for the catabolism of these compounds, our discovery reveals the common origin of the catabolism of these stable chemicals in bacteria.Hisashi TakedaKazuki IshikawaHinaka YoshidaDaisuke KasaiDaigo WakanaMasao FukudaFumihiko SatoTomoo HosoeNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Hisashi Takeda Kazuki Ishikawa Hinaka Yoshida Daisuke Kasai Daigo Wakana Masao Fukuda Fumihiko Sato Tomoo Hosoe Common origin of methylenedioxy ring degradation and demethylation in bacteria
description	Abstract Plants produce many specific secondary metabolites as a response to environmental stress, especially biological stress. These compounds show strong biological activities and high stability against degradation by microbes and animals. Berberine, a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, is found in many plant species and has strong antimicrobial activity, and is often included in traditional herbal medicines. We previously investigated how berberine is degraded in nature and we isolated two berberine-utilizing bacteria. In this study, we characterized the gene encoding the enzyme that degrades the 2,3-methylenedioxy ring of berberine; this ring is important for its activity and stability. Further characterization of several other berberine-utilizing bacteria and the genes encoding key demethylenation enzymes revealed that these enzymes are tetrahydrofolate dependent and similar to demethylation enzymes such as GcvT. Because the degradation of O-methyl groups or the methylenedioxy ring in phenolic compounds such as lignin, lignan and many other natural products, including berberine, is the key step for the catabolism of these compounds, our discovery reveals the common origin of the catabolism of these stable chemicals in bacteria.
format	article
author	Hisashi Takeda Kazuki Ishikawa Hinaka Yoshida Daisuke Kasai Daigo Wakana Masao Fukuda Fumihiko Sato Tomoo Hosoe
author_facet	Hisashi Takeda Kazuki Ishikawa Hinaka Yoshida Daisuke Kasai Daigo Wakana Masao Fukuda Fumihiko Sato Tomoo Hosoe
author_sort	Hisashi Takeda
title	Common origin of methylenedioxy ring degradation and demethylation in bacteria
title_short	Common origin of methylenedioxy ring degradation and demethylation in bacteria
title_full	Common origin of methylenedioxy ring degradation and demethylation in bacteria
title_fullStr	Common origin of methylenedioxy ring degradation and demethylation in bacteria
title_full_unstemmed	Common origin of methylenedioxy ring degradation and demethylation in bacteria
title_sort	common origin of methylenedioxy ring degradation and demethylation in bacteria
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/73af0d3f7204474aaa3f3aa3a46ec092
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Common origin of methylenedioxy ring degradation and demethylation in bacteria

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