Bacillus subtilis spores as vaccine adjuvants: further insights into the mechanisms of action.

Bacillus subtilis spores have received growing attention regarding potential biotechnological applications, including the use as probiotics and in vaccine formulations. B. subtilis spores have also been shown to behave as particulate vaccine adjuvants, promoting the increase of antibody responses af...

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Autores principales:	Renata Damásio de Souza, Milene Tavares Batista, Wilson Barros Luiz, Rafael Ciro Marques Cavalcante, Jaime Henrique Amorim, Raíza Sales Pereira Bizerra, Eduardo Gimenes Martins, Luís Carlos de Souza Ferreira
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/73b2582e29ea4f08a6dcd3b2a6bac4bd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:73b2582e29ea4f08a6dcd3b2a6bac4bd2021-11-18T08:35:31ZBacillus subtilis spores as vaccine adjuvants: further insights into the mechanisms of action.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0087454https://doaj.org/article/73b2582e29ea4f08a6dcd3b2a6bac4bd2014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24475289/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Bacillus subtilis spores have received growing attention regarding potential biotechnological applications, including the use as probiotics and in vaccine formulations. B. subtilis spores have also been shown to behave as particulate vaccine adjuvants, promoting the increase of antibody responses after co-administration with antigens either admixed or adsorbed on the spore surface. In this study, we further evaluated the immune modulatory properties of B. subtilis spores using a recombinant HIV gag p24 protein as a model antigen. The adjuvant effects of B. subtilis spores were not affected by the genetic background of the mouse lineage and did not induce significant inflammatory or deleterious effects after parenteral administration. Our results demonstrated that co-administration, but not adsorption to the spore surface, enhanced the immunogenicity of that target antigen after subcutaneous administration to BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Spores promoted activation of antigen presenting cells as demonstrated by the upregulation of MHC and CD40 molecules and enhanced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines by murine dendritic cells. In addition, in vivo studies indicated a direct role of the innate immunity on the immunomodulatory properties of B. subtilis spores, as demonstrated by the lack of adjuvant effects on MyD88 and TLR2 knockout mouse strains.Renata Damásio de SouzaMilene Tavares BatistaWilson Barros LuizRafael Ciro Marques CavalcanteJaime Henrique AmorimRaíza Sales Pereira BizerraEduardo Gimenes MartinsLuís Carlos de Souza FerreiraPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 1, p e87454 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Renata Damásio de Souza Milene Tavares Batista Wilson Barros Luiz Rafael Ciro Marques Cavalcante Jaime Henrique Amorim Raíza Sales Pereira Bizerra Eduardo Gimenes Martins Luís Carlos de Souza Ferreira Bacillus subtilis spores as vaccine adjuvants: further insights into the mechanisms of action.
description	Bacillus subtilis spores have received growing attention regarding potential biotechnological applications, including the use as probiotics and in vaccine formulations. B. subtilis spores have also been shown to behave as particulate vaccine adjuvants, promoting the increase of antibody responses after co-administration with antigens either admixed or adsorbed on the spore surface. In this study, we further evaluated the immune modulatory properties of B. subtilis spores using a recombinant HIV gag p24 protein as a model antigen. The adjuvant effects of B. subtilis spores were not affected by the genetic background of the mouse lineage and did not induce significant inflammatory or deleterious effects after parenteral administration. Our results demonstrated that co-administration, but not adsorption to the spore surface, enhanced the immunogenicity of that target antigen after subcutaneous administration to BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Spores promoted activation of antigen presenting cells as demonstrated by the upregulation of MHC and CD40 molecules and enhanced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines by murine dendritic cells. In addition, in vivo studies indicated a direct role of the innate immunity on the immunomodulatory properties of B. subtilis spores, as demonstrated by the lack of adjuvant effects on MyD88 and TLR2 knockout mouse strains.
format	article
author	Renata Damásio de Souza Milene Tavares Batista Wilson Barros Luiz Rafael Ciro Marques Cavalcante Jaime Henrique Amorim Raíza Sales Pereira Bizerra Eduardo Gimenes Martins Luís Carlos de Souza Ferreira
author_facet	Renata Damásio de Souza Milene Tavares Batista Wilson Barros Luiz Rafael Ciro Marques Cavalcante Jaime Henrique Amorim Raíza Sales Pereira Bizerra Eduardo Gimenes Martins Luís Carlos de Souza Ferreira
author_sort	Renata Damásio de Souza
title	Bacillus subtilis spores as vaccine adjuvants: further insights into the mechanisms of action.
title_short	Bacillus subtilis spores as vaccine adjuvants: further insights into the mechanisms of action.
title_full	Bacillus subtilis spores as vaccine adjuvants: further insights into the mechanisms of action.
title_fullStr	Bacillus subtilis spores as vaccine adjuvants: further insights into the mechanisms of action.
title_full_unstemmed	Bacillus subtilis spores as vaccine adjuvants: further insights into the mechanisms of action.
title_sort	bacillus subtilis spores as vaccine adjuvants: further insights into the mechanisms of action.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/73b2582e29ea4f08a6dcd3b2a6bac4bd
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Bacillus subtilis spores as vaccine adjuvants: further insights into the mechanisms of action.

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