Ecosystem service mapping in soybean agroecosystems

Depending on the type and intensity of use of agroecosystems, they provide important goods and ecosystem services (ES) to human. This study assesses supporting, regulating, provisioning and cultural services in 48 Iranian soybean fields under conventional and conservation cropping systems. We hypoth...

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Autores principales:	Saeid Moushani, Hossein Kazemi, Hermann Klug, Mohammad Esmaeil Asadi, Afshin Soltani
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Biodiversity Carbon sequestration Conservation agriculture Conventional agriculture GIS Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/73c583da77614848bedcc560dfa13bb4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:73c583da77614848bedcc560dfa13bb42021-12-01T04:33:51ZEcosystem service mapping in soybean agroecosystems1470-160X10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.107061https://doaj.org/article/73c583da77614848bedcc560dfa13bb42021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X20310001https://doaj.org/toc/1470-160XDepending on the type and intensity of use of agroecosystems, they provide important goods and ecosystem services (ES) to human. This study assesses supporting, regulating, provisioning and cultural services in 48 Iranian soybean fields under conventional and conservation cropping systems. We hypothesize that the present agricultural soybean land use in Gorgan County is the reason for a reduced performance of ES. We updated the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA) framework for mapping of ES and included new indicators like insect biodiversity, biodiversity indexes according to Shannon-Wiener, Simpson, Inverse Simpson and Margalef, soil microbial respiration, and quantification of soil conservation by using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE). To quantify carbon sequestration and microbial respiration, soil samples were taken at depths of 0–30 cm before cultivation start in late May 2017 and after soybean harvest in early October 2017. Oxygen production was estimated based on net primary production. Various types of supporting services were evaluated in two general groups, including insect communities and plant biodiversity. The results show that conservation cropping systems in general provide better performing ES than conventional cropping systems. Soil microbial respiration was significantly higher in conservation fields. The average oxygen production on conventional fields was 79.9 ton per ha, compared to 59.9 ton per ha in conservation fields. The biodiversity assessment showed that species richness and all diversity indexes in conservation fields were higher than conventional agroecosystems. From a soil conservation point of view, the rates of soil erosion according to USLE were estimated at an average of 996.64 and 417.63 kg per ha under conventional and conservation fields, respectively. In a spatial distinction, the eastern part of the county exposes the highest soil erosion. Regulating services for carbon sequestration were high in the southern region and on fields close to forest ecosystems. Provisioning services of soybean yield, oil and protein contents were highest in the western and central parts and lowest in the northern part of the study area. As the first report of ecosystem services mapping in conservation and conventional cropping systems in Iran, we confirm that conservation cropping systems in general provide better performing ES than conventional cropping systems.Saeid MoushaniHossein KazemiHermann KlugMohammad Esmaeil AsadiAfshin SoltaniElsevierarticleBiodiversityCarbon sequestrationConservation agricultureConventional agricultureGISEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcological Indicators, Vol 121, Iss , Pp 107061- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biodiversity Carbon sequestration Conservation agriculture Conventional agriculture GIS Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	Biodiversity Carbon sequestration Conservation agriculture Conventional agriculture GIS Ecology QH540-549.5 Saeid Moushani Hossein Kazemi Hermann Klug Mohammad Esmaeil Asadi Afshin Soltani Ecosystem service mapping in soybean agroecosystems
description	Depending on the type and intensity of use of agroecosystems, they provide important goods and ecosystem services (ES) to human. This study assesses supporting, regulating, provisioning and cultural services in 48 Iranian soybean fields under conventional and conservation cropping systems. We hypothesize that the present agricultural soybean land use in Gorgan County is the reason for a reduced performance of ES. We updated the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA) framework for mapping of ES and included new indicators like insect biodiversity, biodiversity indexes according to Shannon-Wiener, Simpson, Inverse Simpson and Margalef, soil microbial respiration, and quantification of soil conservation by using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE). To quantify carbon sequestration and microbial respiration, soil samples were taken at depths of 0–30 cm before cultivation start in late May 2017 and after soybean harvest in early October 2017. Oxygen production was estimated based on net primary production. Various types of supporting services were evaluated in two general groups, including insect communities and plant biodiversity. The results show that conservation cropping systems in general provide better performing ES than conventional cropping systems. Soil microbial respiration was significantly higher in conservation fields. The average oxygen production on conventional fields was 79.9 ton per ha, compared to 59.9 ton per ha in conservation fields. The biodiversity assessment showed that species richness and all diversity indexes in conservation fields were higher than conventional agroecosystems. From a soil conservation point of view, the rates of soil erosion according to USLE were estimated at an average of 996.64 and 417.63 kg per ha under conventional and conservation fields, respectively. In a spatial distinction, the eastern part of the county exposes the highest soil erosion. Regulating services for carbon sequestration were high in the southern region and on fields close to forest ecosystems. Provisioning services of soybean yield, oil and protein contents were highest in the western and central parts and lowest in the northern part of the study area. As the first report of ecosystem services mapping in conservation and conventional cropping systems in Iran, we confirm that conservation cropping systems in general provide better performing ES than conventional cropping systems.
format	article
author	Saeid Moushani Hossein Kazemi Hermann Klug Mohammad Esmaeil Asadi Afshin Soltani
author_facet	Saeid Moushani Hossein Kazemi Hermann Klug Mohammad Esmaeil Asadi Afshin Soltani
author_sort	Saeid Moushani
title	Ecosystem service mapping in soybean agroecosystems
title_short	Ecosystem service mapping in soybean agroecosystems
title_full	Ecosystem service mapping in soybean agroecosystems
title_fullStr	Ecosystem service mapping in soybean agroecosystems
title_full_unstemmed	Ecosystem service mapping in soybean agroecosystems
title_sort	ecosystem service mapping in soybean agroecosystems
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/73c583da77614848bedcc560dfa13bb4
work_keys_str_mv	AT saeidmoushani ecosystemservicemappinginsoybeanagroecosystems AT hosseinkazemi ecosystemservicemappinginsoybeanagroecosystems AT hermannklug ecosystemservicemappinginsoybeanagroecosystems AT mohammadesmaeilasadi ecosystemservicemappinginsoybeanagroecosystems AT afshinsoltani ecosystemservicemappinginsoybeanagroecosystems
_version_	1718405850267123712

Ecosystem service mapping in soybean agroecosystems

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