Combining Fiber Enzymatic Pretreatments and Coupling Agents to Improve Physical and Mechanical Properties of Hemp Hurd/Wood/Polypropylene Composite

Natural fiber/plastic composites combine the low density and excellent mechanical properties of the natural fiber with the flexibility and moisture resistance of the plastic to create materials tailored to specific applications in theory. Wood/plastic composites (WPC) are the most common products, b...

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Autores principales:	Xiaoping Li, Mingli Qiang, Mingwei Yang, Jeffrey J. Morrell, Neng Zhang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	pectinase cellulase polypropylene (PP) coupling agents composites wood fibers Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/73c80dddf1614913a214f34f4eb92e53
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:73c80dddf1614913a214f34f4eb92e532021-11-11T17:57:37ZCombining Fiber Enzymatic Pretreatments and Coupling Agents to Improve Physical and Mechanical Properties of Hemp Hurd/Wood/Polypropylene Composite10.3390/ma142163841996-1944https://doaj.org/article/73c80dddf1614913a214f34f4eb92e532021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6384https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944Natural fiber/plastic composites combine the low density and excellent mechanical properties of the natural fiber with the flexibility and moisture resistance of the plastic to create materials tailored to specific applications in theory. Wood/plastic composites (WPC) are the most common products, but many other fibers are being explored for this purpose. Among the more common is hemp hurd. Natural fibers are hydrophilic materials and plastics are hydrophobic, therefore one problem with all of these products is the limited ability of the fiber to interact with the plastic to create a true composite. Thus, compatibilizers are often added to enhance interactions, but fiber pretreatments may also help improve compatibility. The effects of pectinase or cellulase pretreatment of wood/hemp fiber mixtures in combination with coupling agents were evaluated in polypropylene panels. Pretreatments with pectinase or cellulase were associated with reduced thickness swell (TS<sub>24h</sub>) as well as increased modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity. Incorporation of 5.0% silane or 2.5% silane/2.5% titanate as a coupling agent further improved pectinase-treated panel properties, but was associated with diminished properties in cellulase treated fibers. Combinations of enzymatic pretreatment and coupling agents enhanced fiber/plastic interactions and improved flexural properties, but the effects varied with the enzyme or coupling agent employed. The results illustrate the potential for enhancing fiber/plastic interactions to produce improved composites.Xiaoping LiMingli QiangMingwei YangJeffrey J. MorrellNeng ZhangMDPI AGarticlepectinasecellulasepolypropylene (PP)coupling agentscompositeswood fibersTechnologyTElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040MicroscopyQH201-278.5Descriptive and experimental mechanicsQC120-168.85ENMaterials, Vol 14, Iss 6384, p 6384 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	pectinase cellulase polypropylene (PP) coupling agents composites wood fibers Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
spellingShingle	pectinase cellulase polypropylene (PP) coupling agents composites wood fibers Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 Xiaoping Li Mingli Qiang Mingwei Yang Jeffrey J. Morrell Neng Zhang Combining Fiber Enzymatic Pretreatments and Coupling Agents to Improve Physical and Mechanical Properties of Hemp Hurd/Wood/Polypropylene Composite
description	Natural fiber/plastic composites combine the low density and excellent mechanical properties of the natural fiber with the flexibility and moisture resistance of the plastic to create materials tailored to specific applications in theory. Wood/plastic composites (WPC) are the most common products, but many other fibers are being explored for this purpose. Among the more common is hemp hurd. Natural fibers are hydrophilic materials and plastics are hydrophobic, therefore one problem with all of these products is the limited ability of the fiber to interact with the plastic to create a true composite. Thus, compatibilizers are often added to enhance interactions, but fiber pretreatments may also help improve compatibility. The effects of pectinase or cellulase pretreatment of wood/hemp fiber mixtures in combination with coupling agents were evaluated in polypropylene panels. Pretreatments with pectinase or cellulase were associated with reduced thickness swell (TS<sub>24h</sub>) as well as increased modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity. Incorporation of 5.0% silane or 2.5% silane/2.5% titanate as a coupling agent further improved pectinase-treated panel properties, but was associated with diminished properties in cellulase treated fibers. Combinations of enzymatic pretreatment and coupling agents enhanced fiber/plastic interactions and improved flexural properties, but the effects varied with the enzyme or coupling agent employed. The results illustrate the potential for enhancing fiber/plastic interactions to produce improved composites.
format	article
author	Xiaoping Li Mingli Qiang Mingwei Yang Jeffrey J. Morrell Neng Zhang
author_facet	Xiaoping Li Mingli Qiang Mingwei Yang Jeffrey J. Morrell Neng Zhang
author_sort	Xiaoping Li
title	Combining Fiber Enzymatic Pretreatments and Coupling Agents to Improve Physical and Mechanical Properties of Hemp Hurd/Wood/Polypropylene Composite
title_short	Combining Fiber Enzymatic Pretreatments and Coupling Agents to Improve Physical and Mechanical Properties of Hemp Hurd/Wood/Polypropylene Composite
title_full	Combining Fiber Enzymatic Pretreatments and Coupling Agents to Improve Physical and Mechanical Properties of Hemp Hurd/Wood/Polypropylene Composite
title_fullStr	Combining Fiber Enzymatic Pretreatments and Coupling Agents to Improve Physical and Mechanical Properties of Hemp Hurd/Wood/Polypropylene Composite
title_full_unstemmed	Combining Fiber Enzymatic Pretreatments and Coupling Agents to Improve Physical and Mechanical Properties of Hemp Hurd/Wood/Polypropylene Composite
title_sort	combining fiber enzymatic pretreatments and coupling agents to improve physical and mechanical properties of hemp hurd/wood/polypropylene composite
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/73c80dddf1614913a214f34f4eb92e53
work_keys_str_mv	AT xiaopingli combiningfiberenzymaticpretreatmentsandcouplingagentstoimprovephysicalandmechanicalpropertiesofhemphurdwoodpolypropylenecomposite AT mingliqiang combiningfiberenzymaticpretreatmentsandcouplingagentstoimprovephysicalandmechanicalpropertiesofhemphurdwoodpolypropylenecomposite AT mingweiyang combiningfiberenzymaticpretreatmentsandcouplingagentstoimprovephysicalandmechanicalpropertiesofhemphurdwoodpolypropylenecomposite AT jeffreyjmorrell combiningfiberenzymaticpretreatmentsandcouplingagentstoimprovephysicalandmechanicalpropertiesofhemphurdwoodpolypropylenecomposite AT nengzhang combiningfiberenzymaticpretreatmentsandcouplingagentstoimprovephysicalandmechanicalpropertiesofhemphurdwoodpolypropylenecomposite
_version_	1718431949367803904

Combining Fiber Enzymatic Pretreatments and Coupling Agents to Improve Physical and Mechanical Properties of Hemp Hurd/Wood/Polypropylene Composite

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