Understanding rate effects in injection-induced earthquakes

Abstract Understanding the physical mechanisms that underpin the link between fluid injection and seismicity is essential in efforts to mitigate the seismic risk associated with subsurface technologies. To that end, here we develop a poroelastic model of earthquake nucleation based on rate-and-state...

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Autores principales:	Maryam Alghannam, Ruben Juanes
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/73d19509165543bd941805cb33747396
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:73d19509165543bd941805cb337473962021-12-02T16:04:33ZUnderstanding rate effects in injection-induced earthquakes10.1038/s41467-020-16860-y2041-1723https://doaj.org/article/73d19509165543bd941805cb337473962020-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16860-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2041-1723Abstract Understanding the physical mechanisms that underpin the link between fluid injection and seismicity is essential in efforts to mitigate the seismic risk associated with subsurface technologies. To that end, here we develop a poroelastic model of earthquake nucleation based on rate-and-state friction in the manner of spring–sliders, and analyze conditions for the emergence of stick-slip frictional instability—the mechanism for earthquakes—by carrying out a linear stability analysis and nonlinear simulations. We find that the likelihood of triggering earthquakes depends largely on the rate of increase in pore pressure rather than its magnitude. Consequently, fluid injection at constant rate acts in the direction of triggering seismic rupture at early times followed by aseismic creep at late times. Our model implies that, for the same cumulative volume of injected fluid, an abrupt high-rate injection protocol is likely to increase the seismic risk whereas a gradual step-up protocol is likely to decrease it.Maryam AlghannamRuben JuanesNature PortfolioarticleScienceQENNature Communications, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-6 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Science Q
spellingShingle	Science Q Maryam Alghannam Ruben Juanes Understanding rate effects in injection-induced earthquakes
description	Abstract Understanding the physical mechanisms that underpin the link between fluid injection and seismicity is essential in efforts to mitigate the seismic risk associated with subsurface technologies. To that end, here we develop a poroelastic model of earthquake nucleation based on rate-and-state friction in the manner of spring–sliders, and analyze conditions for the emergence of stick-slip frictional instability—the mechanism for earthquakes—by carrying out a linear stability analysis and nonlinear simulations. We find that the likelihood of triggering earthquakes depends largely on the rate of increase in pore pressure rather than its magnitude. Consequently, fluid injection at constant rate acts in the direction of triggering seismic rupture at early times followed by aseismic creep at late times. Our model implies that, for the same cumulative volume of injected fluid, an abrupt high-rate injection protocol is likely to increase the seismic risk whereas a gradual step-up protocol is likely to decrease it.
format	article
author	Maryam Alghannam Ruben Juanes
author_facet	Maryam Alghannam Ruben Juanes
author_sort	Maryam Alghannam
title	Understanding rate effects in injection-induced earthquakes
title_short	Understanding rate effects in injection-induced earthquakes
title_full	Understanding rate effects in injection-induced earthquakes
title_fullStr	Understanding rate effects in injection-induced earthquakes
title_full_unstemmed	Understanding rate effects in injection-induced earthquakes
title_sort	understanding rate effects in injection-induced earthquakes
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/73d19509165543bd941805cb33747396
work_keys_str_mv	AT maryamalghannam understandingrateeffectsininjectioninducedearthquakes AT rubenjuanes understandingrateeffectsininjectioninducedearthquakes
_version_	1718385214085922816

Understanding rate effects in injection-induced earthquakes

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