Pharmacokinetics and aqueous humor penetration of levofloxacin 1.5% and moxifloxacin 0.5% in patients undergoing cataract surgery

Frank A Bucci Jr, Ines Teuma Nguimfack, Angel T Fluet Bucci Laser Vision Institute, Wilkes-Barre, PA, USA Purpose: The objective of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin 1.5% and moxifloxacin hydrochloride 0.5% ophthalmic solutions in aqueous humor after multiple doses pri...

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Autores principales:	Bucci Jr FA, Nguimfack IT, Fluet AT
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2016
Materias:	moxifloxacin 0.5% levofloxacin 1.5% keratitis endophthalmitis aqueous humor absorption cataract surgery phacoemulsification Ophthalmology RE1-994
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/73d7f1c4882c4271bc891a4305413574
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:73d7f1c4882c4271bc891a43054135742021-12-02T03:45:16ZPharmacokinetics and aqueous humor penetration of levofloxacin 1.5% and moxifloxacin 0.5% in patients undergoing cataract surgery1177-5483https://doaj.org/article/73d7f1c4882c4271bc891a43054135742016-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/pharmacokinetics-and-aqueous-humor-penetration-of-levofloxacin-15-and--peer-reviewed-article-OPTHhttps://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483Frank A Bucci Jr, Ines Teuma Nguimfack, Angel T Fluet Bucci Laser Vision Institute, Wilkes-Barre, PA, USA Purpose: The objective of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin 1.5% and moxifloxacin hydrochloride 0.5% ophthalmic solutions in aqueous humor after multiple doses prior to cataract surgery. Methods: Ninety-eight eyes underwent cataract surgery and met the requirements of PK analysis. Eligible eyes were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive levofloxacin or moxifloxacin prior to cataract surgery and were randomized into one of four sampling time points (ie, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hour post-last dose). Randomization was investigator and laboratory-masked. Three days prior to cataract surgery, each patient instilled one drop of the assigned study medication into the operative eye four times daily. One aqueous humor specimen was collected from the eye at the randomized time point. Aqueous humor specimens were assayed for drug concentration using a validated liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometer. Results: Concentrations of the drug in the aqueous humor, as described by mean Cmax and pooled AUC0–6 values, were greater for levofloxacin than moxifloxacin (Cmax: 1.43, 0.87 µg/ml, respectively, P=0.008; AUC0–6 6.1, 3.8 µg·min/ml, P<0.001 respectively). No treatment-emergent adverse events were reported. Conclusion: Significantly greater drug exposures were attained in aqueous humor following the administration of levofloxacin 1.5% than moxifloxacin 0.5% ophthalmic solution. Achieving considerable higher drug concentration in the aqueous humor with levofloxacin 1.5% may demonstrate a greater potential for bacterial eradication. Keywords: concentration, endophthalmitis, antibiotics, phacoemulsification, prophylaxis, fluoroquinoloneBucci Jr FANguimfack ITFluet ATDove Medical Pressarticlemoxifloxacin 0.5% levofloxacin 1.5% keratitisendophthalmitisaqueous humor absorptioncataract surgeryphacoemulsificationOphthalmologyRE1-994ENClinical Ophthalmology, Vol 2016, Iss Issue 1, Pp 783-789 (2016)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	moxifloxacin 0.5% levofloxacin 1.5% keratitis endophthalmitis aqueous humor absorption cataract surgery phacoemulsification Ophthalmology RE1-994
spellingShingle	moxifloxacin 0.5% levofloxacin 1.5% keratitis endophthalmitis aqueous humor absorption cataract surgery phacoemulsification Ophthalmology RE1-994 Bucci Jr FA Nguimfack IT Fluet AT Pharmacokinetics and aqueous humor penetration of levofloxacin 1.5% and moxifloxacin 0.5% in patients undergoing cataract surgery
description	Frank A Bucci Jr, Ines Teuma Nguimfack, Angel T Fluet Bucci Laser Vision Institute, Wilkes-Barre, PA, USA Purpose: The objective of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin 1.5% and moxifloxacin hydrochloride 0.5% ophthalmic solutions in aqueous humor after multiple doses prior to cataract surgery. Methods: Ninety-eight eyes underwent cataract surgery and met the requirements of PK analysis. Eligible eyes were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive levofloxacin or moxifloxacin prior to cataract surgery and were randomized into one of four sampling time points (ie, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hour post-last dose). Randomization was investigator and laboratory-masked. Three days prior to cataract surgery, each patient instilled one drop of the assigned study medication into the operative eye four times daily. One aqueous humor specimen was collected from the eye at the randomized time point. Aqueous humor specimens were assayed for drug concentration using a validated liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometer. Results: Concentrations of the drug in the aqueous humor, as described by mean Cmax and pooled AUC0–6 values, were greater for levofloxacin than moxifloxacin (Cmax: 1.43, 0.87 µg/ml, respectively, P=0.008; AUC0–6 6.1, 3.8 µg·min/ml, P<0.001 respectively). No treatment-emergent adverse events were reported. Conclusion: Significantly greater drug exposures were attained in aqueous humor following the administration of levofloxacin 1.5% than moxifloxacin 0.5% ophthalmic solution. Achieving considerable higher drug concentration in the aqueous humor with levofloxacin 1.5% may demonstrate a greater potential for bacterial eradication. Keywords: concentration, endophthalmitis, antibiotics, phacoemulsification, prophylaxis, fluoroquinolone
format	article
author	Bucci Jr FA Nguimfack IT Fluet AT
author_facet	Bucci Jr FA Nguimfack IT Fluet AT
author_sort	Bucci Jr FA
title	Pharmacokinetics and aqueous humor penetration of levofloxacin 1.5% and moxifloxacin 0.5% in patients undergoing cataract surgery
title_short	Pharmacokinetics and aqueous humor penetration of levofloxacin 1.5% and moxifloxacin 0.5% in patients undergoing cataract surgery
title_full	Pharmacokinetics and aqueous humor penetration of levofloxacin 1.5% and moxifloxacin 0.5% in patients undergoing cataract surgery
title_fullStr	Pharmacokinetics and aqueous humor penetration of levofloxacin 1.5% and moxifloxacin 0.5% in patients undergoing cataract surgery
title_full_unstemmed	Pharmacokinetics and aqueous humor penetration of levofloxacin 1.5% and moxifloxacin 0.5% in patients undergoing cataract surgery
title_sort	pharmacokinetics and aqueous humor penetration of levofloxacin 1.5% and moxifloxacin 0.5% in patients undergoing cataract surgery
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2016
url	https://doaj.org/article/73d7f1c4882c4271bc891a4305413574
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_version_	1718401633781547008

Pharmacokinetics and aqueous humor penetration of levofloxacin 1.5% and moxifloxacin 0.5% in patients undergoing cataract surgery

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