Dietary Selection Pressures and Their Impact on the Gut MicrobiomeSummary

The human gut microbiota harbors a heterogeneous and dynamic community of microorganisms that coexist with the host to exert a marked influence on human physiology and health. Throughout the lifespan, diet can shape the composition and diversity of the members of the gut microbiota by determining th...

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Autores principales:	Gertrude Ecklu-Mensah, Jack Gilbert, Suzanne Devkota
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2022
Materias:	Diet Nutrition Obesity Malnutrition Microbiome Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology RC799-869
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/73e7efc2b3c447d49ae3f3220a45e269
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:73e7efc2b3c447d49ae3f3220a45e2692021-11-12T04:39:09ZDietary Selection Pressures and Their Impact on the Gut MicrobiomeSummary2352-345X10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.07.009https://doaj.org/article/73e7efc2b3c447d49ae3f3220a45e2692022-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352345X21001545https://doaj.org/toc/2352-345XThe human gut microbiota harbors a heterogeneous and dynamic community of microorganisms that coexist with the host to exert a marked influence on human physiology and health. Throughout the lifespan, diet can shape the composition and diversity of the members of the gut microbiota by determining the microorganisms that will colonize, persist, or become extinct. This is no more pronounced than during early-life succession of the gut microbiome when food type and source changes relatively often and food preferences are established, which is largely determined by geographic location and the customs and cultural practices of that environment. These dietary selection pressures continue throughout life, as society has become increasingly mobile and as we consume new foods to which we have had no previous exposure. Dietary selection pressures also come in the form of overall reduction or excess such as with the growing problems of food insecurity (lack of food) as well as of dietary obesity (overconsumption). These are well-documented forms of dietary selection pressures that have profound impact on the gut microbiota that ultimately may contribute to or worsen disease. However, diets and dietary components can also be used to promote healthy microbial functions in the gut, which will require tailored approaches taking into account an individual’s personal history and doing away with one-size-fits-all nutrition. Herein, we summarize current knowledge on major dietary selection pressures that influence gut microbiota structure and function across and within populations, and discuss both the potential of personalized dietary solutions to health and disease and the challenges of implementation.Gertrude Ecklu-MensahJack GilbertSuzanne DevkotaElsevierarticleDietNutritionObesityMalnutritionMicrobiomeDiseases of the digestive system. GastroenterologyRC799-869ENCellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 7-18 (2022)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Diet Nutrition Obesity Malnutrition Microbiome Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology RC799-869
spellingShingle	Diet Nutrition Obesity Malnutrition Microbiome Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology RC799-869 Gertrude Ecklu-Mensah Jack Gilbert Suzanne Devkota Dietary Selection Pressures and Their Impact on the Gut MicrobiomeSummary
description	The human gut microbiota harbors a heterogeneous and dynamic community of microorganisms that coexist with the host to exert a marked influence on human physiology and health. Throughout the lifespan, diet can shape the composition and diversity of the members of the gut microbiota by determining the microorganisms that will colonize, persist, or become extinct. This is no more pronounced than during early-life succession of the gut microbiome when food type and source changes relatively often and food preferences are established, which is largely determined by geographic location and the customs and cultural practices of that environment. These dietary selection pressures continue throughout life, as society has become increasingly mobile and as we consume new foods to which we have had no previous exposure. Dietary selection pressures also come in the form of overall reduction or excess such as with the growing problems of food insecurity (lack of food) as well as of dietary obesity (overconsumption). These are well-documented forms of dietary selection pressures that have profound impact on the gut microbiota that ultimately may contribute to or worsen disease. However, diets and dietary components can also be used to promote healthy microbial functions in the gut, which will require tailored approaches taking into account an individual’s personal history and doing away with one-size-fits-all nutrition. Herein, we summarize current knowledge on major dietary selection pressures that influence gut microbiota structure and function across and within populations, and discuss both the potential of personalized dietary solutions to health and disease and the challenges of implementation.
format	article
author	Gertrude Ecklu-Mensah Jack Gilbert Suzanne Devkota
author_facet	Gertrude Ecklu-Mensah Jack Gilbert Suzanne Devkota
author_sort	Gertrude Ecklu-Mensah
title	Dietary Selection Pressures and Their Impact on the Gut MicrobiomeSummary
title_short	Dietary Selection Pressures and Their Impact on the Gut MicrobiomeSummary
title_full	Dietary Selection Pressures and Their Impact on the Gut MicrobiomeSummary
title_fullStr	Dietary Selection Pressures and Their Impact on the Gut MicrobiomeSummary
title_full_unstemmed	Dietary Selection Pressures and Their Impact on the Gut MicrobiomeSummary
title_sort	dietary selection pressures and their impact on the gut microbiomesummary
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2022
url	https://doaj.org/article/73e7efc2b3c447d49ae3f3220a45e269
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Dietary Selection Pressures and Their Impact on the Gut MicrobiomeSummary

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