Effect of Light Characteristics on the Sensory Properties of Red Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i>)

Leafy green production in high tunnels (HTs) results in increased yields, improved visual quality, and extended production with polyethylene (poly) film and/or shade cloth coverings. However, altering visible and ultra-violet light with HT coverings may reduce phytochemicals, thus influencing plant...

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Autores principales:	Kelly Gude, Martin Talavera, Audra M. Sasse, Cary L. Rivard, Eleni Pliakoni
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	sensory lexicon visible light ultra-violet light hoop-house Chemical technology TP1-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7401ea691ff4415cb1295b9ae63e66f9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7401ea691ff4415cb1295b9ae63e66f92021-11-25T17:33:55ZEffect of Light Characteristics on the Sensory Properties of Red Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i>)10.3390/foods101126602304-8158https://doaj.org/article/7401ea691ff4415cb1295b9ae63e66f92021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/11/2660https://doaj.org/toc/2304-8158Leafy green production in high tunnels (HTs) results in increased yields, improved visual quality, and extended production with polyethylene (poly) film and/or shade cloth coverings. However, altering visible and ultra-violet light with HT coverings may reduce phytochemicals, thus influencing plant pigmentation and taste. The objective of this study was to examine various HT coverings on the sensory perceptions, soil temperature, color, and anthocyanin accumulation of red leaf lettuce. The coverings included standard poly, standard poly with removal two weeks prior to harvest (movable), diffuse poly, clear poly, UV-A/B blocking poly (block), standard poly with 55% shade cloth, and the open field. A highly trained descriptive panel evaluated the samples using a scale from 0 (none) to 15 (extremely high) and determined a list of 20 sensory attributes. The color intensity attribute had the most differentiation between coverings, and the open field was higher (i.e., darker) than the others at 7.5 (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), followed by clear and movable coverings at 6.8, and the shade covering scored a 2. Strong relationships existed between both colorimetric (hue°) and anthocyanin analysis to panelist-based scores (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.847 and 0.640, respectively). The initial crispness was similar for movable, standard, diffuse, and block coverings at 5.3 on average, which was higher than the open field at 4 (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The open field lettuce grew under cooler soil temperatures, which may have slowed down maturation and resulted in softer tissue. Based on this study, HT growers can implement specific coverings to cater to markets that value visual quality.Kelly GudeMartin TalaveraAudra M. SasseCary L. RivardEleni PliakoniMDPI AGarticlesensory lexiconvisible lightultra-violet lighthoop-houseChemical technologyTP1-1185ENFoods, Vol 10, Iss 2660, p 2660 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	sensory lexicon visible light ultra-violet light hoop-house Chemical technology TP1-1185
spellingShingle	sensory lexicon visible light ultra-violet light hoop-house Chemical technology TP1-1185 Kelly Gude Martin Talavera Audra M. Sasse Cary L. Rivard Eleni Pliakoni Effect of Light Characteristics on the Sensory Properties of Red Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i>)
description	Leafy green production in high tunnels (HTs) results in increased yields, improved visual quality, and extended production with polyethylene (poly) film and/or shade cloth coverings. However, altering visible and ultra-violet light with HT coverings may reduce phytochemicals, thus influencing plant pigmentation and taste. The objective of this study was to examine various HT coverings on the sensory perceptions, soil temperature, color, and anthocyanin accumulation of red leaf lettuce. The coverings included standard poly, standard poly with removal two weeks prior to harvest (movable), diffuse poly, clear poly, UV-A/B blocking poly (block), standard poly with 55% shade cloth, and the open field. A highly trained descriptive panel evaluated the samples using a scale from 0 (none) to 15 (extremely high) and determined a list of 20 sensory attributes. The color intensity attribute had the most differentiation between coverings, and the open field was higher (i.e., darker) than the others at 7.5 (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), followed by clear and movable coverings at 6.8, and the shade covering scored a 2. Strong relationships existed between both colorimetric (hue°) and anthocyanin analysis to panelist-based scores (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.847 and 0.640, respectively). The initial crispness was similar for movable, standard, diffuse, and block coverings at 5.3 on average, which was higher than the open field at 4 (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The open field lettuce grew under cooler soil temperatures, which may have slowed down maturation and resulted in softer tissue. Based on this study, HT growers can implement specific coverings to cater to markets that value visual quality.
format	article
author	Kelly Gude Martin Talavera Audra M. Sasse Cary L. Rivard Eleni Pliakoni
author_facet	Kelly Gude Martin Talavera Audra M. Sasse Cary L. Rivard Eleni Pliakoni
author_sort	Kelly Gude
title	Effect of Light Characteristics on the Sensory Properties of Red Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i>)
title_short	Effect of Light Characteristics on the Sensory Properties of Red Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i>)
title_full	Effect of Light Characteristics on the Sensory Properties of Red Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i>)
title_fullStr	Effect of Light Characteristics on the Sensory Properties of Red Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i>)
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of Light Characteristics on the Sensory Properties of Red Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i>)
title_sort	effect of light characteristics on the sensory properties of red lettuce (<i>lactuca sativa</i>)
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7401ea691ff4415cb1295b9ae63e66f9
work_keys_str_mv	AT kellygude effectoflightcharacteristicsonthesensorypropertiesofredlettuceilactucasativai AT martintalavera effectoflightcharacteristicsonthesensorypropertiesofredlettuceilactucasativai AT audramsasse effectoflightcharacteristicsonthesensorypropertiesofredlettuceilactucasativai AT carylrivard effectoflightcharacteristicsonthesensorypropertiesofredlettuceilactucasativai AT elenipliakoni effectoflightcharacteristicsonthesensorypropertiesofredlettuceilactucasativai
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Effect of Light Characteristics on the Sensory Properties of Red Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i>)

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