Prevalence of cryptosporidiosis and hygiene practices among HIV/AIDS patients in southwest Uganda

Juliet Nakibirango, Vincent Mugenyi, Dickson Nsaba, Aron Nsimemukama, Simon Peter Rugera, Benson OkongoDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, UgandaPurpose: To determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium by age, sex, and...

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Autores principales:	Nakibirango J, Mugenyi V, Nsaba D, Nsimemukama A, Rugera SP, Okongo B
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2019
Materias:	Cryptospridium HIV/AIDS Diarrhoea Prevalence Risk factors Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7403f9f2ec9e4d4b84e24fcd17bf96b6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7403f9f2ec9e4d4b84e24fcd17bf96b62021-12-02T04:34:51ZPrevalence of cryptosporidiosis and hygiene practices among HIV/AIDS patients in southwest Uganda1179-1373https://doaj.org/article/7403f9f2ec9e4d4b84e24fcd17bf96b62019-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/prevalence-of-cryptosporidiosis-and-hygiene-practices-among-hivaids-pa-peer-reviewed-article-HIVhttps://doaj.org/toc/1179-1373Juliet Nakibirango, Vincent Mugenyi, Dickson Nsaba, Aron Nsimemukama, Simon Peter Rugera, Benson OkongoDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, UgandaPurpose: To determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium by age, sex, and duration on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and establish hygienic malpractices that may predispose to infection.Methods: We enrolled 138 HIV/AIDS patients on ART from June to October 2018. Stool samples were collected from study participants, wet saline preparations made and examined, stool samples concentrated using formal ether concentration, and smears stained using the modified Ziehl–Neelsen technique. Structured questionnaires were used to collect demographic data and hygienic malpractices that predisposed study participants to cryptosporidiosis infection.Results: Of 138, 99 (71.7%) were females and 39 (28.7%) males. The age range was 9–69 years and mean age 37 years. The overall prevalence of cryptosporidiosis was three (2.17%). The most affected age-groups were 31–40 years (3.85%) and 21–30 years (3.22%), and only females (3.03%) were affected. The distribution of cryptosporidiosis according to the duration spent on ART showed that those who had spent <1 year on ART were the most affected (11.1%), followed by those who had spent 1–5 years 1 (2.2%), while those patients on ART for 6-10 years were 1 (1.7%) and those on ART for more than 10 years were not affected. There was no significant association between cryptosporidiosis and sex (P=0.272), educational background (P=0.670), handwashing (P=0.853), drinking boiled water (P=0.818), duration on ART (P=0.263), occupation (P=0.836), and age (P=0.723).Conclusion: The prevalence reported in this study is low; however, it is still vital for clinicians to proceed to have cryptosporidiosis as the main differential in HIV/AIDS patients with gastrointestinal infections.Keywords: Cryptosporidium, HIV/AIDS, diarrhoea, prevalence, risk factors  Nakibirango JMugenyi VNsaba DNsimemukama ARugera SPOkongo BDove Medical PressarticleCryptospridiumHIV/AIDSDiarrhoeaPrevalenceRisk factorsImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENHIV/AIDS: Research and Palliative Care, Vol Volume 11, Pp 141-145 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Cryptospridium HIV/AIDS Diarrhoea Prevalence Risk factors Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	Cryptospridium HIV/AIDS Diarrhoea Prevalence Risk factors Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Nakibirango J Mugenyi V Nsaba D Nsimemukama A Rugera SP Okongo B Prevalence of cryptosporidiosis and hygiene practices among HIV/AIDS patients in southwest Uganda
description	Juliet Nakibirango, Vincent Mugenyi, Dickson Nsaba, Aron Nsimemukama, Simon Peter Rugera, Benson OkongoDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, UgandaPurpose: To determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium by age, sex, and duration on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and establish hygienic malpractices that may predispose to infection.Methods: We enrolled 138 HIV/AIDS patients on ART from June to October 2018. Stool samples were collected from study participants, wet saline preparations made and examined, stool samples concentrated using formal ether concentration, and smears stained using the modified Ziehl–Neelsen technique. Structured questionnaires were used to collect demographic data and hygienic malpractices that predisposed study participants to cryptosporidiosis infection.Results: Of 138, 99 (71.7%) were females and 39 (28.7%) males. The age range was 9–69 years and mean age 37 years. The overall prevalence of cryptosporidiosis was three (2.17%). The most affected age-groups were 31–40 years (3.85%) and 21–30 years (3.22%), and only females (3.03%) were affected. The distribution of cryptosporidiosis according to the duration spent on ART showed that those who had spent <1 year on ART were the most affected (11.1%), followed by those who had spent 1–5 years 1 (2.2%), while those patients on ART for 6-10 years were 1 (1.7%) and those on ART for more than 10 years were not affected. There was no significant association between cryptosporidiosis and sex (P=0.272), educational background (P=0.670), handwashing (P=0.853), drinking boiled water (P=0.818), duration on ART (P=0.263), occupation (P=0.836), and age (P=0.723).Conclusion: The prevalence reported in this study is low; however, it is still vital for clinicians to proceed to have cryptosporidiosis as the main differential in HIV/AIDS patients with gastrointestinal infections.Keywords: Cryptosporidium, HIV/AIDS, diarrhoea, prevalence, risk factors
format	article
author	Nakibirango J Mugenyi V Nsaba D Nsimemukama A Rugera SP Okongo B
author_facet	Nakibirango J Mugenyi V Nsaba D Nsimemukama A Rugera SP Okongo B
author_sort	Nakibirango J
title	Prevalence of cryptosporidiosis and hygiene practices among HIV/AIDS patients in southwest Uganda
title_short	Prevalence of cryptosporidiosis and hygiene practices among HIV/AIDS patients in southwest Uganda
title_full	Prevalence of cryptosporidiosis and hygiene practices among HIV/AIDS patients in southwest Uganda
title_fullStr	Prevalence of cryptosporidiosis and hygiene practices among HIV/AIDS patients in southwest Uganda
title_full_unstemmed	Prevalence of cryptosporidiosis and hygiene practices among HIV/AIDS patients in southwest Uganda
title_sort	prevalence of cryptosporidiosis and hygiene practices among hiv/aids patients in southwest uganda
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/7403f9f2ec9e4d4b84e24fcd17bf96b6
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Prevalence of cryptosporidiosis and hygiene practices among HIV/AIDS patients in southwest Uganda

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