Discrimination training with multimodal stimuli changes activity in the mushroom body of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta.

<h4>Background</h4>The mushroom bodies of the insect brain play an important role in olfactory processing, associative learning and memory. The mushroom bodies show odor-specific spatial patterns of activity and are also influenced by visual stimuli.<h4>Methodology/principal findin...

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Autores principales:	Anna Balkenius, Bill Hansson
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7411b630881543c793d06108ea8690c2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7411b630881543c793d06108ea8690c22021-11-18T07:22:42ZDiscrimination training with multimodal stimuli changes activity in the mushroom body of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0032133https://doaj.org/article/7411b630881543c793d06108ea8690c22012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22509244/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>The mushroom bodies of the insect brain play an important role in olfactory processing, associative learning and memory. The mushroom bodies show odor-specific spatial patterns of activity and are also influenced by visual stimuli.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Functional imaging was used to investigate changes in the in vivo responses of the mushroom body of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta during multimodal discrimination training. A visual and an odour stimulus were presented either together or individually. Initially, mushroom body activation patterns were identical to the odour stimulus and the multimodal stimulus. After training, however, the mushroom body response to the rewarded multimodal stimulus was significantly lower than the response to the unrewarded unimodal odour stimulus, indicating that the coding of the stimuli had changed as a result of training. The opposite pattern was seen when only the unimodal odour stimulus was rewarded. In this case, the mushroom body was more strongly activated by the multimodal stimuli after training. When no stimuli were rewarded, the mushroom body activity decreased for both the multimodal and unimodal odour stimuli. There was no measurable response to the unimodal visual stimulus in any of the experiments. These results can be explained using a connectionist model where the mushroom body is assumed to be excited by olfactory stimulus components, and suppressed by multimodal configurations.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Discrimination training with multimodal stimuli consisting of visual and odour cues leads to stimulus specific changes in the in vivo responses of the mushroom body of the hawkmoth.Anna BalkeniusBill HanssonPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 4, p e32133 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Anna Balkenius Bill Hansson Discrimination training with multimodal stimuli changes activity in the mushroom body of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta.
description	<h4>Background</h4>The mushroom bodies of the insect brain play an important role in olfactory processing, associative learning and memory. The mushroom bodies show odor-specific spatial patterns of activity and are also influenced by visual stimuli.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Functional imaging was used to investigate changes in the in vivo responses of the mushroom body of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta during multimodal discrimination training. A visual and an odour stimulus were presented either together or individually. Initially, mushroom body activation patterns were identical to the odour stimulus and the multimodal stimulus. After training, however, the mushroom body response to the rewarded multimodal stimulus was significantly lower than the response to the unrewarded unimodal odour stimulus, indicating that the coding of the stimuli had changed as a result of training. The opposite pattern was seen when only the unimodal odour stimulus was rewarded. In this case, the mushroom body was more strongly activated by the multimodal stimuli after training. When no stimuli were rewarded, the mushroom body activity decreased for both the multimodal and unimodal odour stimuli. There was no measurable response to the unimodal visual stimulus in any of the experiments. These results can be explained using a connectionist model where the mushroom body is assumed to be excited by olfactory stimulus components, and suppressed by multimodal configurations.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Discrimination training with multimodal stimuli consisting of visual and odour cues leads to stimulus specific changes in the in vivo responses of the mushroom body of the hawkmoth.
format	article
author	Anna Balkenius Bill Hansson
author_facet	Anna Balkenius Bill Hansson
author_sort	Anna Balkenius
title	Discrimination training with multimodal stimuli changes activity in the mushroom body of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta.
title_short	Discrimination training with multimodal stimuli changes activity in the mushroom body of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta.
title_full	Discrimination training with multimodal stimuli changes activity in the mushroom body of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta.
title_fullStr	Discrimination training with multimodal stimuli changes activity in the mushroom body of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta.
title_full_unstemmed	Discrimination training with multimodal stimuli changes activity in the mushroom body of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta.
title_sort	discrimination training with multimodal stimuli changes activity in the mushroom body of the hawkmoth manduca sexta.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/7411b630881543c793d06108ea8690c2
work_keys_str_mv	AT annabalkenius discriminationtrainingwithmultimodalstimulichangesactivityinthemushroombodyofthehawkmothmanducasexta AT billhansson discriminationtrainingwithmultimodalstimulichangesactivityinthemushroombodyofthehawkmothmanducasexta
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Discrimination training with multimodal stimuli changes activity in the mushroom body of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta.

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