Sequential Analysis of Binding and Neutralizing Antibody in COVID-19 Convalescent Patients at 14 Months After SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Durability of SARS-CoV-2 Spike antibody responses after infection provides information relevant to understanding protection against COVID-19 in humans. We report the results of a sequential evaluation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in convalescent patients with a median follow-up of 14 months (range...

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Autores principales:	Margherita Rosati, Evangelos Terpos, Ioannis Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, Mahesh Agarwal, Jenifer Bear, Robert Burns, Xintao Hu, Eleni Korompoki, Duncan Donohue, David J. Venzon, Meletios-Athanasios Dimopoulos, George N. Pavlakis, Barbara K. Felber
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	longevity COVID-19 antibody kinetics SARS-CoV-2 anamnestic response re-exposure Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/741a33df0ccb420fb35607c69fa3b1c0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:741a33df0ccb420fb35607c69fa3b1c02021-12-01T04:26:30ZSequential Analysis of Binding and Neutralizing Antibody in COVID-19 Convalescent Patients at 14 Months After SARS-CoV-2 Infection1664-322410.3389/fimmu.2021.793953https://doaj.org/article/741a33df0ccb420fb35607c69fa3b1c02021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.793953/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-3224Durability of SARS-CoV-2 Spike antibody responses after infection provides information relevant to understanding protection against COVID-19 in humans. We report the results of a sequential evaluation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in convalescent patients with a median follow-up of 14 months (range 12.4-15.4) post first symptom onset. We report persistence of antibodies for all four specificities tested [Spike, Spike Receptor Binding Domain (Spike-RBD), Nucleocapsid, Nucleocapsid RNA Binding Domain (N-RBD)]. Anti-Spike antibodies persist better than anti-Nucleocapsid antibodies. The durability analysis supports a bi-phasic antibody decay with longer half-lives of antibodies after 6 months and antibody persistence for up to 14 months. Patients infected with the Wuhan (WA1) strain maintained strong cross-reactive recognition of Alpha and Delta Spike-RBD but significantly reduced binding to Beta and Mu Spike-RBD. Sixty percent of convalescent patients with detectable WA1-specific NAb also showed strong neutralization of the Delta variant, the prevalent strain of the present pandemic. These data show that convalescent patients maintain functional antibody responses for more than one year after infection, suggesting a strong long-lasting response after symptomatic disease that may offer a prolonged protection against re-infection. One patient from this cohort showed strong increase of both Spike and Nucleocapsid antibodies at 14 months post-infection indicating SARS-CoV-2 re-exposure. These antibodies showed stronger cross-reactivity to a panel of Spike-RBD including Beta, Delta and Mu and neutralization of a panel of Spike variants including Beta and Gamma. This patient provides an example of strong anti-Spike recall immunity able to control infection at an asymptomatic level. Together, the antibodies from SARS-CoV-2 convalescent patients persist over 14 months and continue to maintain cross-reactivity to the current variants of concern and show strong functional properties.Margherita RosatiEvangelos TerposIoannis Ntanasis-StathopoulosMahesh AgarwalJenifer BearRobert BurnsXintao HuEleni KorompokiDuncan DonohueDavid J. VenzonMeletios-Athanasios DimopoulosGeorge N. PavlakisBarbara K. FelberFrontiers Media S.A.articlelongevityCOVID-19antibody kineticsSARS-CoV-2anamnestic responsere-exposureImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENFrontiers in Immunology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	longevity COVID-19 antibody kinetics SARS-CoV-2 anamnestic response re-exposure Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	longevity COVID-19 antibody kinetics SARS-CoV-2 anamnestic response re-exposure Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Margherita Rosati Evangelos Terpos Ioannis Ntanasis-Stathopoulos Mahesh Agarwal Jenifer Bear Robert Burns Xintao Hu Eleni Korompoki Duncan Donohue David J. Venzon Meletios-Athanasios Dimopoulos George N. Pavlakis Barbara K. Felber Sequential Analysis of Binding and Neutralizing Antibody in COVID-19 Convalescent Patients at 14 Months After SARS-CoV-2 Infection
description	Durability of SARS-CoV-2 Spike antibody responses after infection provides information relevant to understanding protection against COVID-19 in humans. We report the results of a sequential evaluation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in convalescent patients with a median follow-up of 14 months (range 12.4-15.4) post first symptom onset. We report persistence of antibodies for all four specificities tested [Spike, Spike Receptor Binding Domain (Spike-RBD), Nucleocapsid, Nucleocapsid RNA Binding Domain (N-RBD)]. Anti-Spike antibodies persist better than anti-Nucleocapsid antibodies. The durability analysis supports a bi-phasic antibody decay with longer half-lives of antibodies after 6 months and antibody persistence for up to 14 months. Patients infected with the Wuhan (WA1) strain maintained strong cross-reactive recognition of Alpha and Delta Spike-RBD but significantly reduced binding to Beta and Mu Spike-RBD. Sixty percent of convalescent patients with detectable WA1-specific NAb also showed strong neutralization of the Delta variant, the prevalent strain of the present pandemic. These data show that convalescent patients maintain functional antibody responses for more than one year after infection, suggesting a strong long-lasting response after symptomatic disease that may offer a prolonged protection against re-infection. One patient from this cohort showed strong increase of both Spike and Nucleocapsid antibodies at 14 months post-infection indicating SARS-CoV-2 re-exposure. These antibodies showed stronger cross-reactivity to a panel of Spike-RBD including Beta, Delta and Mu and neutralization of a panel of Spike variants including Beta and Gamma. This patient provides an example of strong anti-Spike recall immunity able to control infection at an asymptomatic level. Together, the antibodies from SARS-CoV-2 convalescent patients persist over 14 months and continue to maintain cross-reactivity to the current variants of concern and show strong functional properties.
format	article
author	Margherita Rosati Evangelos Terpos Ioannis Ntanasis-Stathopoulos Mahesh Agarwal Jenifer Bear Robert Burns Xintao Hu Eleni Korompoki Duncan Donohue David J. Venzon Meletios-Athanasios Dimopoulos George N. Pavlakis Barbara K. Felber
author_facet	Margherita Rosati Evangelos Terpos Ioannis Ntanasis-Stathopoulos Mahesh Agarwal Jenifer Bear Robert Burns Xintao Hu Eleni Korompoki Duncan Donohue David J. Venzon Meletios-Athanasios Dimopoulos George N. Pavlakis Barbara K. Felber
author_sort	Margherita Rosati
title	Sequential Analysis of Binding and Neutralizing Antibody in COVID-19 Convalescent Patients at 14 Months After SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_short	Sequential Analysis of Binding and Neutralizing Antibody in COVID-19 Convalescent Patients at 14 Months After SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_full	Sequential Analysis of Binding and Neutralizing Antibody in COVID-19 Convalescent Patients at 14 Months After SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_fullStr	Sequential Analysis of Binding and Neutralizing Antibody in COVID-19 Convalescent Patients at 14 Months After SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_full_unstemmed	Sequential Analysis of Binding and Neutralizing Antibody in COVID-19 Convalescent Patients at 14 Months After SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_sort	sequential analysis of binding and neutralizing antibody in covid-19 convalescent patients at 14 months after sars-cov-2 infection
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/741a33df0ccb420fb35607c69fa3b1c0
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Sequential Analysis of Binding and Neutralizing Antibody in COVID-19 Convalescent Patients at 14 Months After SARS-CoV-2 Infection

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