Voxel and surface based whole brain analysis shows reading skill associated grey matter abnormalities in dyslexia

Abstract Developmental dyslexia (DD) is the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder with a substantial negative influence on the individual’s academic achievement and career. Research on its neuroanatomical origins has continued for half a century, yielding, however, inconsistent results, lowered...

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Autores principales:	Teija Kujala, Aleksi J. Sihvonen, Anja Thiede, Peter Palo-oja, Paula Virtala, Jussi Numminen, Marja Laasonen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/741e803633af497f857c84242845b1eb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:741e803633af497f857c84242845b1eb2021-12-02T14:47:38ZVoxel and surface based whole brain analysis shows reading skill associated grey matter abnormalities in dyslexia10.1038/s41598-021-89317-x2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/741e803633af497f857c84242845b1eb2021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89317-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Developmental dyslexia (DD) is the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder with a substantial negative influence on the individual’s academic achievement and career. Research on its neuroanatomical origins has continued for half a century, yielding, however, inconsistent results, lowered total brain volume being the most consistent finding. We set out to evaluate the grey matter (GM) volume and cortical abnormalities in adult dyslexic individuals, employing a combination of whole-brain voxel- and surface-based morphometry following current recommendations on analysis approaches, coupled with rigorous neuropsychological testing. Whilst controlling for age, sex, total intracranial volume, and performance IQ, we found both decreased GM volume and cortical thickness in the left insula in participants with DD. Moreover, they had decreased GM volume in left superior temporal gyrus, putamen, globus pallidus, and parahippocampal gyrus. Higher GM volumes and cortical thickness in these areas correlated with better reading and phonological skills, deficits of which are pivotal to DD. Crucially, total brain volume did not influence our results, since it did not differ between the groups. Our findings demonstrating abnormalities in brain areas in individuals with DD, which previously were associated with phonological processing, are compatible with the leading hypotheses on the neurocognitive origins of DD.Teija KujalaAleksi J. SihvonenAnja ThiedePeter Palo-ojaPaula VirtalaJussi NumminenMarja LaasonenNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Teija Kujala Aleksi J. Sihvonen Anja Thiede Peter Palo-oja Paula Virtala Jussi Numminen Marja Laasonen Voxel and surface based whole brain analysis shows reading skill associated grey matter abnormalities in dyslexia
description	Abstract Developmental dyslexia (DD) is the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder with a substantial negative influence on the individual’s academic achievement and career. Research on its neuroanatomical origins has continued for half a century, yielding, however, inconsistent results, lowered total brain volume being the most consistent finding. We set out to evaluate the grey matter (GM) volume and cortical abnormalities in adult dyslexic individuals, employing a combination of whole-brain voxel- and surface-based morphometry following current recommendations on analysis approaches, coupled with rigorous neuropsychological testing. Whilst controlling for age, sex, total intracranial volume, and performance IQ, we found both decreased GM volume and cortical thickness in the left insula in participants with DD. Moreover, they had decreased GM volume in left superior temporal gyrus, putamen, globus pallidus, and parahippocampal gyrus. Higher GM volumes and cortical thickness in these areas correlated with better reading and phonological skills, deficits of which are pivotal to DD. Crucially, total brain volume did not influence our results, since it did not differ between the groups. Our findings demonstrating abnormalities in brain areas in individuals with DD, which previously were associated with phonological processing, are compatible with the leading hypotheses on the neurocognitive origins of DD.
format	article
author	Teija Kujala Aleksi J. Sihvonen Anja Thiede Peter Palo-oja Paula Virtala Jussi Numminen Marja Laasonen
author_facet	Teija Kujala Aleksi J. Sihvonen Anja Thiede Peter Palo-oja Paula Virtala Jussi Numminen Marja Laasonen
author_sort	Teija Kujala
title	Voxel and surface based whole brain analysis shows reading skill associated grey matter abnormalities in dyslexia
title_short	Voxel and surface based whole brain analysis shows reading skill associated grey matter abnormalities in dyslexia
title_full	Voxel and surface based whole brain analysis shows reading skill associated grey matter abnormalities in dyslexia
title_fullStr	Voxel and surface based whole brain analysis shows reading skill associated grey matter abnormalities in dyslexia
title_full_unstemmed	Voxel and surface based whole brain analysis shows reading skill associated grey matter abnormalities in dyslexia
title_sort	voxel and surface based whole brain analysis shows reading skill associated grey matter abnormalities in dyslexia
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/741e803633af497f857c84242845b1eb
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Voxel and surface based whole brain analysis shows reading skill associated grey matter abnormalities in dyslexia

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