The Impact of Haze on Healthcare Utilizations for Acute Respiratory Diseases: Evidence From Malaysia

Haze imposes a substantial disease burden on the human population especially in the Southeast Asia region due to the high frequency of haze episodes. The reduction of air quality levels by haze has resulted in a substantial disease burden and an increase in healthcare utilization (HU). This study ai...

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Autores principales:	Hafiz Jaafar, Amirah Azzeri, Marzuki Isahak, Maznah Dahlui
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	haze air pollution healthcare utilization respiratory Evolution QH359-425 Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/743533a663f54c58908a53f4ca667639
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:743533a663f54c58908a53f4ca6676392021-12-01T20:12:23ZThe Impact of Haze on Healthcare Utilizations for Acute Respiratory Diseases: Evidence From Malaysia2296-701X10.3389/fevo.2021.764300https://doaj.org/article/743533a663f54c58908a53f4ca6676392021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2021.764300/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-701XHaze imposes a substantial disease burden on the human population especially in the Southeast Asia region due to the high frequency of haze episodes. The reduction of air quality levels by haze has resulted in a substantial disease burden and an increase in healthcare utilization (HU). This study aims to determine the association between haze and HU of haze-related respiratory illnesses with a focus given on the acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma (AEBA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). A cross-sectional study was conducted through secondary data collection of haze/non-haze episodes as the study exposures and HU related to the exacerbation of bronchial asthma and COPD as the study outcomes. Data on haze/non-haze episodes and HU for four consecutive years (2012–2015) were retrieved from the Department of Environment and Ministry of Health Malaysia, respectively. In the four consecutive years, the percentage of haze episodes recorded in all stations was higher (67%) as compared to non-haze (33%) episodes. Means (SD) of patients diagnosed with AEBA and AECOPD were also significantly higher (p < 0.05) for inpatient 74 (62.1) and outpatient 320 (650.1) cases during haze episodes as compared to inpatient 34 (16.5) and outpatient 146 (170.5) cases during non-haze episodes. Findings from this study indicated that haze episodes incurred a significant healthcare burden due to an increase in HU. The evidence from this study will help the policymakers to prepare and allocate resources to control future implications of haze-related illnesses.Hafiz JaafarAmirah AzzeriMarzuki IsahakMaznah DahluiMaznah DahluiFrontiers Media S.A.articlehazeair pollutionhealthcareutilizationrespiratoryEvolutionQH359-425EcologyQH540-549.5ENFrontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Vol 9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	haze air pollution healthcare utilization respiratory Evolution QH359-425 Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	haze air pollution healthcare utilization respiratory Evolution QH359-425 Ecology QH540-549.5 Hafiz Jaafar Amirah Azzeri Marzuki Isahak Maznah Dahlui Maznah Dahlui The Impact of Haze on Healthcare Utilizations for Acute Respiratory Diseases: Evidence From Malaysia
description	Haze imposes a substantial disease burden on the human population especially in the Southeast Asia region due to the high frequency of haze episodes. The reduction of air quality levels by haze has resulted in a substantial disease burden and an increase in healthcare utilization (HU). This study aims to determine the association between haze and HU of haze-related respiratory illnesses with a focus given on the acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma (AEBA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). A cross-sectional study was conducted through secondary data collection of haze/non-haze episodes as the study exposures and HU related to the exacerbation of bronchial asthma and COPD as the study outcomes. Data on haze/non-haze episodes and HU for four consecutive years (2012–2015) were retrieved from the Department of Environment and Ministry of Health Malaysia, respectively. In the four consecutive years, the percentage of haze episodes recorded in all stations was higher (67%) as compared to non-haze (33%) episodes. Means (SD) of patients diagnosed with AEBA and AECOPD were also significantly higher (p < 0.05) for inpatient 74 (62.1) and outpatient 320 (650.1) cases during haze episodes as compared to inpatient 34 (16.5) and outpatient 146 (170.5) cases during non-haze episodes. Findings from this study indicated that haze episodes incurred a significant healthcare burden due to an increase in HU. The evidence from this study will help the policymakers to prepare and allocate resources to control future implications of haze-related illnesses.
format	article
author	Hafiz Jaafar Amirah Azzeri Marzuki Isahak Maznah Dahlui Maznah Dahlui
author_facet	Hafiz Jaafar Amirah Azzeri Marzuki Isahak Maznah Dahlui Maznah Dahlui
author_sort	Hafiz Jaafar
title	The Impact of Haze on Healthcare Utilizations for Acute Respiratory Diseases: Evidence From Malaysia
title_short	The Impact of Haze on Healthcare Utilizations for Acute Respiratory Diseases: Evidence From Malaysia
title_full	The Impact of Haze on Healthcare Utilizations for Acute Respiratory Diseases: Evidence From Malaysia
title_fullStr	The Impact of Haze on Healthcare Utilizations for Acute Respiratory Diseases: Evidence From Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed	The Impact of Haze on Healthcare Utilizations for Acute Respiratory Diseases: Evidence From Malaysia
title_sort	impact of haze on healthcare utilizations for acute respiratory diseases: evidence from malaysia
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/743533a663f54c58908a53f4ca667639
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The Impact of Haze on Healthcare Utilizations for Acute Respiratory Diseases: Evidence From Malaysia

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