Earliest expansion of animal husbandry beyond the Mediterranean zone in the sixth millennium BC

Abstract Since their domestication in the Mediterranean zone of Southwest Asia in the eighth millennium BC, sheep, goats, pigs and cattle have been remarkably successful in colonizing a broad variety of environments. The initial steps in this process can be traced back to the dispersal of farming gr...

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Autores principales:	Jonathan Ethier, Eszter Bánffy, Jasna Vuković, Krassimir Leshtakov, Krum Bacvarov, Mélanie Roffet-Salque, Richard P. Evershed, Maria Ivanova
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7474500987af41f49426b4ace99b5682
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7474500987af41f49426b4ace99b56822021-12-02T16:06:46ZEarliest expansion of animal husbandry beyond the Mediterranean zone in the sixth millennium BC10.1038/s41598-017-07427-x2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/7474500987af41f49426b4ace99b56822017-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07427-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Since their domestication in the Mediterranean zone of Southwest Asia in the eighth millennium BC, sheep, goats, pigs and cattle have been remarkably successful in colonizing a broad variety of environments. The initial steps in this process can be traced back to the dispersal of farming groups into the interior of the Balkans in the early sixth millennium BC, who were the first to introduce Mediterranean livestock beyond its natural climatic range. Here, we combine analysis of biomolecular and isotopic compositions of lipids preserved in prehistoric pottery with faunal analyses of taxonomic composition from the earliest farming sites in southeast Europe to reconstruct this pivotal event in the early history of animal husbandry. We observe a marked divergence between the (sub)Mediterranean and temperate regions of Southeast Europe, and in particular a significant increase of dairying in the biochemical record coupled with a shift to cattle and wild fauna at most sites north of the Balkan mountain range. The findings strongly suggest that dairying was crucial for the expansion of the earliest farming system beyond its native bioclimatic zone.Jonathan EthierEszter BánffyJasna VukovićKrassimir LeshtakovKrum BacvarovMélanie Roffet-SalqueRichard P. EvershedMaria IvanovaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jonathan Ethier Eszter Bánffy Jasna Vuković Krassimir Leshtakov Krum Bacvarov Mélanie Roffet-Salque Richard P. Evershed Maria Ivanova Earliest expansion of animal husbandry beyond the Mediterranean zone in the sixth millennium BC
description	Abstract Since their domestication in the Mediterranean zone of Southwest Asia in the eighth millennium BC, sheep, goats, pigs and cattle have been remarkably successful in colonizing a broad variety of environments. The initial steps in this process can be traced back to the dispersal of farming groups into the interior of the Balkans in the early sixth millennium BC, who were the first to introduce Mediterranean livestock beyond its natural climatic range. Here, we combine analysis of biomolecular and isotopic compositions of lipids preserved in prehistoric pottery with faunal analyses of taxonomic composition from the earliest farming sites in southeast Europe to reconstruct this pivotal event in the early history of animal husbandry. We observe a marked divergence between the (sub)Mediterranean and temperate regions of Southeast Europe, and in particular a significant increase of dairying in the biochemical record coupled with a shift to cattle and wild fauna at most sites north of the Balkan mountain range. The findings strongly suggest that dairying was crucial for the expansion of the earliest farming system beyond its native bioclimatic zone.
format	article
author	Jonathan Ethier Eszter Bánffy Jasna Vuković Krassimir Leshtakov Krum Bacvarov Mélanie Roffet-Salque Richard P. Evershed Maria Ivanova
author_facet	Jonathan Ethier Eszter Bánffy Jasna Vuković Krassimir Leshtakov Krum Bacvarov Mélanie Roffet-Salque Richard P. Evershed Maria Ivanova
author_sort	Jonathan Ethier
title	Earliest expansion of animal husbandry beyond the Mediterranean zone in the sixth millennium BC
title_short	Earliest expansion of animal husbandry beyond the Mediterranean zone in the sixth millennium BC
title_full	Earliest expansion of animal husbandry beyond the Mediterranean zone in the sixth millennium BC
title_fullStr	Earliest expansion of animal husbandry beyond the Mediterranean zone in the sixth millennium BC
title_full_unstemmed	Earliest expansion of animal husbandry beyond the Mediterranean zone in the sixth millennium BC
title_sort	earliest expansion of animal husbandry beyond the mediterranean zone in the sixth millennium bc
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/7474500987af41f49426b4ace99b5682
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Earliest expansion of animal husbandry beyond the Mediterranean zone in the sixth millennium BC

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