Post-conventional moral reasoning is associated with increased ventral striatal activity at rest and during task

Abstract People vary considerably in moral reasoning. According to Kohlberg’s theory, individuals who reach the highest level of post-conventional moral reasoning judge moral issues based on deeper principles and shared ideals rather than self-interest or adherence to laws and rules. Recent research...

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Autores principales:	Zhuo Fang, Wi Hoon Jung, Marc Korczykowski, Lijuan Luo, Kristin Prehn, Sihua Xu, John A. Detre, Joseph W. Kable, Diana C. Robertson, Hengyi Rao
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7476359b168a43c9a39a65438bea8b96
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7476359b168a43c9a39a65438bea8b962021-12-02T15:05:13ZPost-conventional moral reasoning is associated with increased ventral striatal activity at rest and during task10.1038/s41598-017-07115-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/7476359b168a43c9a39a65438bea8b962017-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07115-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract People vary considerably in moral reasoning. According to Kohlberg’s theory, individuals who reach the highest level of post-conventional moral reasoning judge moral issues based on deeper principles and shared ideals rather than self-interest or adherence to laws and rules. Recent research has suggested the involvement of the brain’s frontostriatal reward system in moral judgments and prosocial behaviors. However, it remains unknown whether moral reasoning level is associated with differences in reward system function. Here, we combined arterial spin labeling perfusion and blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging and measured frontostriatal reward system activity both at rest and during a sequential risky decision making task in a sample of 64 participants at different levels of moral reasoning. Compared to individuals at the pre-conventional and conventional level of moral reasoning, post-conventional individuals showed increased resting cerebral blood flow in the ventral striatum and ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Cerebral blood flow in these brain regions correlated with the degree of post-conventional thinking across groups. Post-conventional individuals also showed greater task-induced activation in the ventral striatum during risky decision making. These findings suggest that high-level post-conventional moral reasoning is associated with increased activity in the brain’s frontostriatal system, regardless of task-dependent or task-independent states.Zhuo FangWi Hoon JungMarc KorczykowskiLijuan LuoKristin PrehnSihua XuJohn A. DetreJoseph W. KableDiana C. RobertsonHengyi RaoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Zhuo Fang Wi Hoon Jung Marc Korczykowski Lijuan Luo Kristin Prehn Sihua Xu John A. Detre Joseph W. Kable Diana C. Robertson Hengyi Rao Post-conventional moral reasoning is associated with increased ventral striatal activity at rest and during task
description	Abstract People vary considerably in moral reasoning. According to Kohlberg’s theory, individuals who reach the highest level of post-conventional moral reasoning judge moral issues based on deeper principles and shared ideals rather than self-interest or adherence to laws and rules. Recent research has suggested the involvement of the brain’s frontostriatal reward system in moral judgments and prosocial behaviors. However, it remains unknown whether moral reasoning level is associated with differences in reward system function. Here, we combined arterial spin labeling perfusion and blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging and measured frontostriatal reward system activity both at rest and during a sequential risky decision making task in a sample of 64 participants at different levels of moral reasoning. Compared to individuals at the pre-conventional and conventional level of moral reasoning, post-conventional individuals showed increased resting cerebral blood flow in the ventral striatum and ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Cerebral blood flow in these brain regions correlated with the degree of post-conventional thinking across groups. Post-conventional individuals also showed greater task-induced activation in the ventral striatum during risky decision making. These findings suggest that high-level post-conventional moral reasoning is associated with increased activity in the brain’s frontostriatal system, regardless of task-dependent or task-independent states.
format	article
author	Zhuo Fang Wi Hoon Jung Marc Korczykowski Lijuan Luo Kristin Prehn Sihua Xu John A. Detre Joseph W. Kable Diana C. Robertson Hengyi Rao
author_facet	Zhuo Fang Wi Hoon Jung Marc Korczykowski Lijuan Luo Kristin Prehn Sihua Xu John A. Detre Joseph W. Kable Diana C. Robertson Hengyi Rao
author_sort	Zhuo Fang
title	Post-conventional moral reasoning is associated with increased ventral striatal activity at rest and during task
title_short	Post-conventional moral reasoning is associated with increased ventral striatal activity at rest and during task
title_full	Post-conventional moral reasoning is associated with increased ventral striatal activity at rest and during task
title_fullStr	Post-conventional moral reasoning is associated with increased ventral striatal activity at rest and during task
title_full_unstemmed	Post-conventional moral reasoning is associated with increased ventral striatal activity at rest and during task
title_sort	post-conventional moral reasoning is associated with increased ventral striatal activity at rest and during task
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/7476359b168a43c9a39a65438bea8b96
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Post-conventional moral reasoning is associated with increased ventral striatal activity at rest and during task

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