Endocrine And Metabolic Adaptations Of Calves To Extra-Uterine Life

The transition from intra- to extra-uterine life is one of the greatest physiological challenges that occur in the life of animals. Immediately after birth, newborn calves have to adapt to new environmental and feeding conditions. Namely, at birth a break of the thermal balance occurs, since calves...

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Autor principal:	Danijela Kirovski
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Sciendo 2015
Materias:	calves glucoregulation growth perinatal stress thermogenesis Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7488a42405d94768bcf6fc86c2e40764
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7488a42405d94768bcf6fc86c2e407642021-11-17T21:27:50ZEndocrine And Metabolic Adaptations Of Calves To Extra-Uterine Life1820-744810.1515/acve-2015-0025https://doaj.org/article/7488a42405d94768bcf6fc86c2e407642015-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1515/acve-2015-0025https://doaj.org/toc/1820-7448The transition from intra- to extra-uterine life is one of the greatest physiological challenges that occur in the life of animals. Immediately after birth, newborn calves have to adapt to new environmental and feeding conditions. Namely, at birth a break of the thermal balance occurs, since calves abruptly pass from a 38.8°C temperature in utero to an environmental temperature that is generally lower than 20°C. Additionally, at birth, the energy intake shifts from a continuous parenteral supply of nutrients (mainly glucose) to discontinuous colostrum and milk intake with lactose and fat as the main energy sources. Therefore, the most important issues related to metabolic changes during the transition from intra- to extra-uterine life are related to maintaining the homoeothermic conditions and control of energy metabolism. Those metabolic adaptations are under control of the endocrine system that is relatively mature at birth, but still requires morphological and functional changes after birth. Key hormones whose concentrations are significantly changed around birth and are involved in an adequate adaptation of calves to extra-uterine life are those related to stress at birth (cortisol and cathecholamines), glucoregulatory processes (insulin and glucagon), thermogenesis (thyroid hormones) and growth (IGF axis).Danijela KirovskiSciendoarticlecalvesglucoregulationgrowthperinatalstressthermogenesisVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ENActa Veterinaria, Vol 65, Iss 3, Pp 297-318 (2015)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	calves glucoregulation growth perinatal stress thermogenesis Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
spellingShingle	calves glucoregulation growth perinatal stress thermogenesis Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Danijela Kirovski Endocrine And Metabolic Adaptations Of Calves To Extra-Uterine Life
description	The transition from intra- to extra-uterine life is one of the greatest physiological challenges that occur in the life of animals. Immediately after birth, newborn calves have to adapt to new environmental and feeding conditions. Namely, at birth a break of the thermal balance occurs, since calves abruptly pass from a 38.8°C temperature in utero to an environmental temperature that is generally lower than 20°C. Additionally, at birth, the energy intake shifts from a continuous parenteral supply of nutrients (mainly glucose) to discontinuous colostrum and milk intake with lactose and fat as the main energy sources. Therefore, the most important issues related to metabolic changes during the transition from intra- to extra-uterine life are related to maintaining the homoeothermic conditions and control of energy metabolism. Those metabolic adaptations are under control of the endocrine system that is relatively mature at birth, but still requires morphological and functional changes after birth. Key hormones whose concentrations are significantly changed around birth and are involved in an adequate adaptation of calves to extra-uterine life are those related to stress at birth (cortisol and cathecholamines), glucoregulatory processes (insulin and glucagon), thermogenesis (thyroid hormones) and growth (IGF axis).
format	article
author	Danijela Kirovski
author_facet	Danijela Kirovski
author_sort	Danijela Kirovski
title	Endocrine And Metabolic Adaptations Of Calves To Extra-Uterine Life
title_short	Endocrine And Metabolic Adaptations Of Calves To Extra-Uterine Life
title_full	Endocrine And Metabolic Adaptations Of Calves To Extra-Uterine Life
title_fullStr	Endocrine And Metabolic Adaptations Of Calves To Extra-Uterine Life
title_full_unstemmed	Endocrine And Metabolic Adaptations Of Calves To Extra-Uterine Life
title_sort	endocrine and metabolic adaptations of calves to extra-uterine life
publisher	Sciendo
publishDate	2015
url	https://doaj.org/article/7488a42405d94768bcf6fc86c2e40764
work_keys_str_mv	AT danijelakirovski endocrineandmetabolicadaptationsofcalvestoextrauterinelife
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Endocrine And Metabolic Adaptations Of Calves To Extra-Uterine Life

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