Magnitude of Opportunistic Infections and Associated Factors Among HIV-Positive Adults on ART at Selected Public Hospitals in Sidama National Regional State, Southern Ethiopia

Demelash Wachamo,1 Fisseha Bonja2 1Department of Public Health, Hawassa College of Health Sciences, Hawassa, South Nations and Nationalities Peoples’ Region, Ethiopia; 2Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, EthiopiaCorrespon...

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Autores principales:	Wachamo D, Bonja F
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2020
Materias:	opportunistic infection hiv/aids who clinical stage sidama ethiopia Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/74a4f806de1040f2955f06e4125b158f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:74a4f806de1040f2955f06e4125b158f2021-12-02T08:34:55ZMagnitude of Opportunistic Infections and Associated Factors Among HIV-Positive Adults on ART at Selected Public Hospitals in Sidama National Regional State, Southern Ethiopia1179-1373https://doaj.org/article/74a4f806de1040f2955f06e4125b158f2020-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/magnitude-of-opportunistic-infections-and-associated-factors-among-hiv-peer-reviewed-article-HIVhttps://doaj.org/toc/1179-1373Demelash Wachamo,1 Fisseha Bonja2 1Department of Public Health, Hawassa College of Health Sciences, Hawassa, South Nations and Nationalities Peoples’ Region, Ethiopia; 2Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Demelash Wachamo Department of Public HealthHawassa College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 84, Hawassa, South Nations and Nationalities Peoples’ Region, EthiopiaEmail demmenew1@gmail.comBackground: Opportunistic infections are late complications of HIV infection due to the depletion of the immune system. It is a major public health problem and high morbidity AIDS patients die of AIDS-related infections in developing countries like Ethiopia. Identification of opportunistic infections (OIs) is important to develop a specific intervention. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the burden and associated factors of opportunistic infections.Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 420 randomly selected HIV/AIDS patients taking anti-retroviral therapy. Data were collected from selected hospitals in Sidama Regional State based on population proportion to size. Data were collected by a pre-tested questionnaire and a pre-tested checklist from the medical records of patients. Data were entered and analyzed for descriptive and logistic regression models by SPSS v.23. The result declared as statistically significant at p < 0.05.Results: The magnitude of opportunistic infections was 39.6%. Major identified OIs were oral candidiasis 23.2%, recurrent bacterial pneumonia 21.5%, herpes zoster 6.3%, and pulmonary tuberculosis 6.0%. The magnitude of opportunistic associated with older age [AOR=3.50, 95% CI:1.85, 6.61], no formal education [AOR=4.54, 95% CI:1.81, 11.37], initial CD4 count less than 200 cells/mm3 [AOR=3.10, 95% CI:1.61, 5.96], who interrupt ART medicines [AOR=3.21, 95% CI:1.86, 5.56] and khat chewing [AOR=4.24, 95% CI:2.07, 8.68] when compared to their counterparts.Conclusion: The overall magnitude of opportunistic infections was high when compared with other studies. Health officials and clinicians need to give attention to the strengthening of the provision if ART with prophylaxis on early stage and adherence, implementation of the TB/HIV collaboration activity, and early initiation of ART to reduce opportunistic infections.Keywords: opportunistic infection, HIV/AIDS, WHO clinical stage, Sidama, EthiopiaWachamo DBonja FDove Medical Pressarticleopportunistic infectionhiv/aidswho clinical stagesidamaethiopiaImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENHIV/AIDS: Research and Palliative Care, Vol Volume 12, Pp 479-487 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	opportunistic infection hiv/aids who clinical stage sidama ethiopia Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	opportunistic infection hiv/aids who clinical stage sidama ethiopia Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Wachamo D Bonja F Magnitude of Opportunistic Infections and Associated Factors Among HIV-Positive Adults on ART at Selected Public Hospitals in Sidama National Regional State, Southern Ethiopia
description	Demelash Wachamo,1 Fisseha Bonja2 1Department of Public Health, Hawassa College of Health Sciences, Hawassa, South Nations and Nationalities Peoples’ Region, Ethiopia; 2Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Demelash Wachamo Department of Public HealthHawassa College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 84, Hawassa, South Nations and Nationalities Peoples’ Region, EthiopiaEmail demmenew1@gmail.comBackground: Opportunistic infections are late complications of HIV infection due to the depletion of the immune system. It is a major public health problem and high morbidity AIDS patients die of AIDS-related infections in developing countries like Ethiopia. Identification of opportunistic infections (OIs) is important to develop a specific intervention. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the burden and associated factors of opportunistic infections.Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 420 randomly selected HIV/AIDS patients taking anti-retroviral therapy. Data were collected from selected hospitals in Sidama Regional State based on population proportion to size. Data were collected by a pre-tested questionnaire and a pre-tested checklist from the medical records of patients. Data were entered and analyzed for descriptive and logistic regression models by SPSS v.23. The result declared as statistically significant at p < 0.05.Results: The magnitude of opportunistic infections was 39.6%. Major identified OIs were oral candidiasis 23.2%, recurrent bacterial pneumonia 21.5%, herpes zoster 6.3%, and pulmonary tuberculosis 6.0%. The magnitude of opportunistic associated with older age [AOR=3.50, 95% CI:1.85, 6.61], no formal education [AOR=4.54, 95% CI:1.81, 11.37], initial CD4 count less than 200 cells/mm3 [AOR=3.10, 95% CI:1.61, 5.96], who interrupt ART medicines [AOR=3.21, 95% CI:1.86, 5.56] and khat chewing [AOR=4.24, 95% CI:2.07, 8.68] when compared to their counterparts.Conclusion: The overall magnitude of opportunistic infections was high when compared with other studies. Health officials and clinicians need to give attention to the strengthening of the provision if ART with prophylaxis on early stage and adherence, implementation of the TB/HIV collaboration activity, and early initiation of ART to reduce opportunistic infections.Keywords: opportunistic infection, HIV/AIDS, WHO clinical stage, Sidama, Ethiopia
format	article
author	Wachamo D Bonja F
author_facet	Wachamo D Bonja F
author_sort	Wachamo D
title	Magnitude of Opportunistic Infections and Associated Factors Among HIV-Positive Adults on ART at Selected Public Hospitals in Sidama National Regional State, Southern Ethiopia
title_short	Magnitude of Opportunistic Infections and Associated Factors Among HIV-Positive Adults on ART at Selected Public Hospitals in Sidama National Regional State, Southern Ethiopia
title_full	Magnitude of Opportunistic Infections and Associated Factors Among HIV-Positive Adults on ART at Selected Public Hospitals in Sidama National Regional State, Southern Ethiopia
title_fullStr	Magnitude of Opportunistic Infections and Associated Factors Among HIV-Positive Adults on ART at Selected Public Hospitals in Sidama National Regional State, Southern Ethiopia
title_full_unstemmed	Magnitude of Opportunistic Infections and Associated Factors Among HIV-Positive Adults on ART at Selected Public Hospitals in Sidama National Regional State, Southern Ethiopia
title_sort	magnitude of opportunistic infections and associated factors among hiv-positive adults on art at selected public hospitals in sidama national regional state, southern ethiopia
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/74a4f806de1040f2955f06e4125b158f
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Magnitude of Opportunistic Infections and Associated Factors Among HIV-Positive Adults on ART at Selected Public Hospitals in Sidama National Regional State, Southern Ethiopia

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