<italic toggle="yes">Clostridium sordellii</italic> Pathogenicity Locus Plasmid pCS1-1 Encodes a Novel Clostridial Conjugation Locus

ABSTRACT A major virulence factor in Clostridium sordellii-mediated infection is the toxin TcsL, which is encoded within a region of the genome called the pathogenicity locus (PaLoc). C. sordellii isolates carry the PaLoc on the pCS1 family of plasmids, of which there are four characterized members....

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Autores principales:	Callum J. Vidor, Thomas D. Watts, Vicki Adams, Dieter Bulach, Edward Couchman, Julian I. Rood, Neil F. Fairweather, Milena Awad, Dena Lyras
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2018
Materias:	Clostridium Clostridium sordellii conjugation PaLoc transfer plasmid Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/74ea1f16e97642ebbde8ef44d3df2957
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:74ea1f16e97642ebbde8ef44d3df29572021-11-15T15:53:26Z<italic toggle="yes">Clostridium sordellii</italic> Pathogenicity Locus Plasmid pCS1-1 Encodes a Novel Clostridial Conjugation Locus10.1128/mBio.01761-172150-7511https://doaj.org/article/74ea1f16e97642ebbde8ef44d3df29572018-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.01761-17https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT A major virulence factor in Clostridium sordellii-mediated infection is the toxin TcsL, which is encoded within a region of the genome called the pathogenicity locus (PaLoc). C. sordellii isolates carry the PaLoc on the pCS1 family of plasmids, of which there are four characterized members. Here, we determined the potential mobility of pCS1 plasmids and characterized a fifth unique pCS1 member. Using a derivative of the pCS1-1 plasmid from strain ATCC 9714 which had been marked with the ermB erythromycin resistance gene, conjugative transfer into a recipient C. sordellii isolate, R28058, was demonstrated. Bioinformatic analysis of pCS1-1 identified a novel conjugation gene cluster defined as the C. sordellii transfer (cst) locus. Interruption of genes within the cst locus resulted in loss of pCS1-1 transfer, which was restored upon complementation in trans. These studies provided clear evidence that genes within the cst locus are essential for the conjugative transfer of pCS1-1. The cst locus is present on all pCS1 subtypes, and homologous loci were identified on toxin-encoding plasmids from Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium botulinum and also carried within genomes of Clostridium difficile isolates, indicating that it is a widespread clostridial conjugation locus. The results of this study have broad implications for the dissemination of toxin genes and, potentially, antibiotic resistance genes among members of a diverse range of clostridial pathogens, providing these microorganisms with a survival advantage within the infected host. IMPORTANCE C. sordellii is a bacterial pathogen that causes severe infections in humans and animals, with high mortality rates. While the pathogenesis of C. sordellii infections is not well understood, it is known that the toxin TcsL is an important virulence factor. Here, we have shown the ability of a plasmid carrying the tcsL gene to undergo conjugative transfer between distantly related strains of C. sordellii, which has far-reaching implications for the ability of C. sordellii to acquire the capacity to cause disease. Plasmids that carry tcsL encode a previously uncharacterized conjugation locus, and individual genes within this locus were shown to be required for conjugative transfer. Furthermore, homologues on toxin plasmids from other clostridial species were identified, indicating that this region represents a novel clostridial conjugation locus. The results of this study have broad implications for the dissemination of virulence genes among members of a diverse range of clostridial pathogens.Callum J. VidorThomas D. WattsVicki AdamsDieter BulachEdward CouchmanJulian I. RoodNeil F. FairweatherMilena AwadDena LyrasAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleClostridiumClostridium sordelliiconjugationPaLoc transferplasmidMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 9, Iss 1 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Clostridium Clostridium sordellii conjugation PaLoc transfer plasmid Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Clostridium Clostridium sordellii conjugation PaLoc transfer plasmid Microbiology QR1-502 Callum J. Vidor Thomas D. Watts Vicki Adams Dieter Bulach Edward Couchman Julian I. Rood Neil F. Fairweather Milena Awad Dena Lyras <italic toggle="yes">Clostridium sordellii</italic> Pathogenicity Locus Plasmid pCS1-1 Encodes a Novel Clostridial Conjugation Locus
description	ABSTRACT A major virulence factor in Clostridium sordellii-mediated infection is the toxin TcsL, which is encoded within a region of the genome called the pathogenicity locus (PaLoc). C. sordellii isolates carry the PaLoc on the pCS1 family of plasmids, of which there are four characterized members. Here, we determined the potential mobility of pCS1 plasmids and characterized a fifth unique pCS1 member. Using a derivative of the pCS1-1 plasmid from strain ATCC 9714 which had been marked with the ermB erythromycin resistance gene, conjugative transfer into a recipient C. sordellii isolate, R28058, was demonstrated. Bioinformatic analysis of pCS1-1 identified a novel conjugation gene cluster defined as the C. sordellii transfer (cst) locus. Interruption of genes within the cst locus resulted in loss of pCS1-1 transfer, which was restored upon complementation in trans. These studies provided clear evidence that genes within the cst locus are essential for the conjugative transfer of pCS1-1. The cst locus is present on all pCS1 subtypes, and homologous loci were identified on toxin-encoding plasmids from Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium botulinum and also carried within genomes of Clostridium difficile isolates, indicating that it is a widespread clostridial conjugation locus. The results of this study have broad implications for the dissemination of toxin genes and, potentially, antibiotic resistance genes among members of a diverse range of clostridial pathogens, providing these microorganisms with a survival advantage within the infected host. IMPORTANCE C. sordellii is a bacterial pathogen that causes severe infections in humans and animals, with high mortality rates. While the pathogenesis of C. sordellii infections is not well understood, it is known that the toxin TcsL is an important virulence factor. Here, we have shown the ability of a plasmid carrying the tcsL gene to undergo conjugative transfer between distantly related strains of C. sordellii, which has far-reaching implications for the ability of C. sordellii to acquire the capacity to cause disease. Plasmids that carry tcsL encode a previously uncharacterized conjugation locus, and individual genes within this locus were shown to be required for conjugative transfer. Furthermore, homologues on toxin plasmids from other clostridial species were identified, indicating that this region represents a novel clostridial conjugation locus. The results of this study have broad implications for the dissemination of virulence genes among members of a diverse range of clostridial pathogens.
format	article
author	Callum J. Vidor Thomas D. Watts Vicki Adams Dieter Bulach Edward Couchman Julian I. Rood Neil F. Fairweather Milena Awad Dena Lyras
author_facet	Callum J. Vidor Thomas D. Watts Vicki Adams Dieter Bulach Edward Couchman Julian I. Rood Neil F. Fairweather Milena Awad Dena Lyras
author_sort	Callum J. Vidor
title	<italic toggle="yes">Clostridium sordellii</italic> Pathogenicity Locus Plasmid pCS1-1 Encodes a Novel Clostridial Conjugation Locus
title_short	<italic toggle="yes">Clostridium sordellii</italic> Pathogenicity Locus Plasmid pCS1-1 Encodes a Novel Clostridial Conjugation Locus
title_full	<italic toggle="yes">Clostridium sordellii</italic> Pathogenicity Locus Plasmid pCS1-1 Encodes a Novel Clostridial Conjugation Locus
title_fullStr	<italic toggle="yes">Clostridium sordellii</italic> Pathogenicity Locus Plasmid pCS1-1 Encodes a Novel Clostridial Conjugation Locus
title_full_unstemmed	<italic toggle="yes">Clostridium sordellii</italic> Pathogenicity Locus Plasmid pCS1-1 Encodes a Novel Clostridial Conjugation Locus
title_sort	<italic toggle="yes">clostridium sordellii</italic> pathogenicity locus plasmid pcs1-1 encodes a novel clostridial conjugation locus
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/74ea1f16e97642ebbde8ef44d3df2957
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<italic toggle="yes">Clostridium sordellii</italic> Pathogenicity Locus Plasmid pCS1-1 Encodes a Novel Clostridial Conjugation Locus

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