Atherosclerosis and atherosensitivity in two southwest Algerian desert rodents, Psammomys obesus and Gerbillus gerbillus, and in Rattus norvegicus

Salima El-Aoufi,1 Mohamed-Amine Lazourgui,1 Lakhdar Griene,2 Boubekeur Maouche31Laboratoire de Biologie et de Physiologie des Organismes/MMDED, Facult&eacute; des Sciences Biologiques, USTHB, El-Alia, Dar El Beida, Algeria; 2Laboratoire d&#39;Hormonologie, Centre Pierre et Marie Curi...

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Autores principales:	El-Aoufi S, Lazourgui MA, Griene L, Maouche B
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2012
Materias:	Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/74f2aa3a45414cc99472afb06dac52fc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:74f2aa3a45414cc99472afb06dac52fc2021-12-02T11:31:48ZAtherosclerosis and atherosensitivity in two southwest Algerian desert rodents, Psammomys obesus and Gerbillus gerbillus, and in Rattus norvegicus1178-7007https://doaj.org/article/74f2aa3a45414cc99472afb06dac52fc2012-09-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/atherosclerosis-and-atherosensitivity-in-two-southwest-algerian-desert-a11034https://doaj.org/toc/1178-7007Salima El-Aoufi,1 Mohamed-Amine Lazourgui,1 Lakhdar Griene,2 Boubekeur Maouche31Laboratoire de Biologie et de Physiologie des Organismes/MMDED, Facult&eacute; des Sciences Biologiques, USTHB, El-Alia, Dar El Beida, Algeria; 2Laboratoire d&#39;Hormonologie, Centre Pierre et Marie Curie, C.H.U Mustapha, Algeria; 3Laboratoire de Physicochimie Th&eacute;orique et Chimie Informatique, Facult&eacute; de Chimie, USTHB, El-Alia, Dar El Beida, AlgeriaAbstract: Cardiovascular disease, including atherosclerosis, is the leading cause of death in patients with diabetes worldwide; thus, it is a major medical concern. The endothelium contributes to the control of many vascular functions, and clinical observations show that it is a primary target for diabetic syndrome. To get better insight into the mechanisms underlying atherosclerosis, we studied the interspecific differences in the arterial metabolisms of two, Psammomys obesus and Gerbillus gerbillus, as well as Rattus norvegicus (Wistar rat), well known for its atheroresistance. Twenty-two enzymatic activities and six macromolecular substances were histochemically compared in the two desert species and in Wistar aortas (abdominal and thoracic) and arteries (femoral and caudal) embedded in a common block. In the healthy adult rodents, enzyme activities were very intense. They demonstrated that aortic myocytes are capable of various synthesis and catabolism processes. However, considering the frequency of atherosclerosis and its phenotypes, significant differences appeared between the species studied. Our comparative study shows that aortic atherosensitive animals have several common metabolic characteristics, which are found in Psammomys rich in metachromatic glycosaminoglycans (involved in the inhibition of lipolysis and in calcification of the organic matrix), reduced activity in enzymes related to the Krebs cycle (weakening energetic power), and low lipolytic enzyme, adenosine triphosphatase, and adenosine diphosphatase activities. However, the most fundamental pathophysiological difference is the low lipolytic power of the aorta of Psammomys when compared to Wistar rats. This characteristic determines its atherosensitivity and makes this animal model more applicable to the experimental development of atherosclerosis.Keywords: diet-induced diabetes, CVD, atherosensitivity, artery enzymatic activities, histochemistry, Psammomys obesusEl-Aoufi SLazourgui MAGriene LMaouche BDove Medical PressarticleSpecialties of internal medicineRC581-951ENDiabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, Vol 2012, Iss default, Pp 337-345 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951
spellingShingle	Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951 El-Aoufi S Lazourgui MA Griene L Maouche B Atherosclerosis and atherosensitivity in two southwest Algerian desert rodents, Psammomys obesus and Gerbillus gerbillus, and in Rattus norvegicus
description	Salima El-Aoufi,1 Mohamed-Amine Lazourgui,1 Lakhdar Griene,2 Boubekeur Maouche31Laboratoire de Biologie et de Physiologie des Organismes/MMDED, Facult&eacute; des Sciences Biologiques, USTHB, El-Alia, Dar El Beida, Algeria; 2Laboratoire d&#39;Hormonologie, Centre Pierre et Marie Curie, C.H.U Mustapha, Algeria; 3Laboratoire de Physicochimie Th&eacute;orique et Chimie Informatique, Facult&eacute; de Chimie, USTHB, El-Alia, Dar El Beida, AlgeriaAbstract: Cardiovascular disease, including atherosclerosis, is the leading cause of death in patients with diabetes worldwide; thus, it is a major medical concern. The endothelium contributes to the control of many vascular functions, and clinical observations show that it is a primary target for diabetic syndrome. To get better insight into the mechanisms underlying atherosclerosis, we studied the interspecific differences in the arterial metabolisms of two, Psammomys obesus and Gerbillus gerbillus, as well as Rattus norvegicus (Wistar rat), well known for its atheroresistance. Twenty-two enzymatic activities and six macromolecular substances were histochemically compared in the two desert species and in Wistar aortas (abdominal and thoracic) and arteries (femoral and caudal) embedded in a common block. In the healthy adult rodents, enzyme activities were very intense. They demonstrated that aortic myocytes are capable of various synthesis and catabolism processes. However, considering the frequency of atherosclerosis and its phenotypes, significant differences appeared between the species studied. Our comparative study shows that aortic atherosensitive animals have several common metabolic characteristics, which are found in Psammomys rich in metachromatic glycosaminoglycans (involved in the inhibition of lipolysis and in calcification of the organic matrix), reduced activity in enzymes related to the Krebs cycle (weakening energetic power), and low lipolytic enzyme, adenosine triphosphatase, and adenosine diphosphatase activities. However, the most fundamental pathophysiological difference is the low lipolytic power of the aorta of Psammomys when compared to Wistar rats. This characteristic determines its atherosensitivity and makes this animal model more applicable to the experimental development of atherosclerosis.Keywords: diet-induced diabetes, CVD, atherosensitivity, artery enzymatic activities, histochemistry, Psammomys obesus
format	article
author	El-Aoufi S Lazourgui MA Griene L Maouche B
author_facet	El-Aoufi S Lazourgui MA Griene L Maouche B
author_sort	El-Aoufi S
title	Atherosclerosis and atherosensitivity in two southwest Algerian desert rodents, Psammomys obesus and Gerbillus gerbillus, and in Rattus norvegicus
title_short	Atherosclerosis and atherosensitivity in two southwest Algerian desert rodents, Psammomys obesus and Gerbillus gerbillus, and in Rattus norvegicus
title_full	Atherosclerosis and atherosensitivity in two southwest Algerian desert rodents, Psammomys obesus and Gerbillus gerbillus, and in Rattus norvegicus
title_fullStr	Atherosclerosis and atherosensitivity in two southwest Algerian desert rodents, Psammomys obesus and Gerbillus gerbillus, and in Rattus norvegicus
title_full_unstemmed	Atherosclerosis and atherosensitivity in two southwest Algerian desert rodents, Psammomys obesus and Gerbillus gerbillus, and in Rattus norvegicus
title_sort	atherosclerosis and atherosensitivity in two southwest algerian desert rodents, psammomys obesus and gerbillus gerbillus, and in rattus norvegicus
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/74f2aa3a45414cc99472afb06dac52fc
work_keys_str_mv	AT elaoufis atherosclerosisandatherosensitivityintwosouthwestalgeriandesertrodentspsammomysobesusandgerbillusgerbillusandinrattusnorvegicus AT lazourguima atherosclerosisandatherosensitivityintwosouthwestalgeriandesertrodentspsammomysobesusandgerbillusgerbillusandinrattusnorvegicus AT grienel atherosclerosisandatherosensitivityintwosouthwestalgeriandesertrodentspsammomysobesusandgerbillusgerbillusandinrattusnorvegicus AT maoucheb atherosclerosisandatherosensitivityintwosouthwestalgeriandesertrodentspsammomysobesusandgerbillusgerbillusandinrattusnorvegicus
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Atherosclerosis and atherosensitivity in two southwest Algerian desert rodents, Psammomys obesus and Gerbillus gerbillus, and in Rattus norvegicus

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