The Neuromuscular Origins of Kinematic Variability during Perturbed Walking

Abstract We investigated the neuromuscular contributions to kinematic variability and thus step to step adjustments in posture and foot placement across a range of walking speeds in response to optical flow perturbations of different amplitudes using a custom virtual environment. We found that pertu...

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Autores principales:	Heather E. Stokes, Jessica D. Thompson, Jason R. Franz
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/75870843065c41c4b1bee563b11363d2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:75870843065c41c4b1bee563b11363d22021-12-02T15:06:20ZThe Neuromuscular Origins of Kinematic Variability during Perturbed Walking10.1038/s41598-017-00942-x2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/75870843065c41c4b1bee563b11363d22017-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-00942-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract We investigated the neuromuscular contributions to kinematic variability and thus step to step adjustments in posture and foot placement across a range of walking speeds in response to optical flow perturbations of different amplitudes using a custom virtual environment. We found that perturbations significantly increased step width, decreased step length, and elicited larger trunk sway compared to normal walking. However, perturbation-induced effects on the corresponding variabilities of these measurements were much more profound. Consistent with our hypotheses, we found that: (1) perturbations increased EMG activity of the gluteus medius and postural control muscles during leg swing, and increased antagonist leg muscle coactivation during limb loading in early stance, and (2) changes in the magnitude of step to step adjustments in postural sway and lateral foot placement positively correlated with those of postural control and gluteus medius muscle activities, respectively, in response to perturbations. However, (3) interactions between walking speed and susceptibility to perturbations, when present, were more complex than anticipated. Our study provides important mechanistic neuromuscular insight into walking balance control and important reference values for the emergence of balance impairment.Heather E. StokesJessica D. ThompsonJason R. FranzNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Heather E. Stokes Jessica D. Thompson Jason R. Franz The Neuromuscular Origins of Kinematic Variability during Perturbed Walking
description	Abstract We investigated the neuromuscular contributions to kinematic variability and thus step to step adjustments in posture and foot placement across a range of walking speeds in response to optical flow perturbations of different amplitudes using a custom virtual environment. We found that perturbations significantly increased step width, decreased step length, and elicited larger trunk sway compared to normal walking. However, perturbation-induced effects on the corresponding variabilities of these measurements were much more profound. Consistent with our hypotheses, we found that: (1) perturbations increased EMG activity of the gluteus medius and postural control muscles during leg swing, and increased antagonist leg muscle coactivation during limb loading in early stance, and (2) changes in the magnitude of step to step adjustments in postural sway and lateral foot placement positively correlated with those of postural control and gluteus medius muscle activities, respectively, in response to perturbations. However, (3) interactions between walking speed and susceptibility to perturbations, when present, were more complex than anticipated. Our study provides important mechanistic neuromuscular insight into walking balance control and important reference values for the emergence of balance impairment.
format	article
author	Heather E. Stokes Jessica D. Thompson Jason R. Franz
author_facet	Heather E. Stokes Jessica D. Thompson Jason R. Franz
author_sort	Heather E. Stokes
title	The Neuromuscular Origins of Kinematic Variability during Perturbed Walking
title_short	The Neuromuscular Origins of Kinematic Variability during Perturbed Walking
title_full	The Neuromuscular Origins of Kinematic Variability during Perturbed Walking
title_fullStr	The Neuromuscular Origins of Kinematic Variability during Perturbed Walking
title_full_unstemmed	The Neuromuscular Origins of Kinematic Variability during Perturbed Walking
title_sort	neuromuscular origins of kinematic variability during perturbed walking
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/75870843065c41c4b1bee563b11363d2
work_keys_str_mv	AT heatherestokes theneuromuscularoriginsofkinematicvariabilityduringperturbedwalking AT jessicadthompson theneuromuscularoriginsofkinematicvariabilityduringperturbedwalking AT jasonrfranz theneuromuscularoriginsofkinematicvariabilityduringperturbedwalking AT heatherestokes neuromuscularoriginsofkinematicvariabilityduringperturbedwalking AT jessicadthompson neuromuscularoriginsofkinematicvariabilityduringperturbedwalking AT jasonrfranz neuromuscularoriginsofkinematicvariabilityduringperturbedwalking
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The Neuromuscular Origins of Kinematic Variability during Perturbed Walking

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