In vitro cytotoxicity and virucidal efficacy of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate compared to quaternary ammonium compound under various concentrations, exposure times and temperatures against African swine fever virus

Background and Aim: The selection and proper application of disinfectants are crucial to the prevention of many diseases, so disinfectants must be evaluated before being used for the prevention of African swine fever (ASF). Three disinfectant products belonging to the group of potassium hydrogen per...

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Autores principales:	Watcharee Sovijit, Machimaporn Taesuji, Khate Rattanamas, Darsaniya Punyadarsaniya, Thanongsak Mamom, Hoa Thi Nguyen, Sakchai Ruenphet
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Veterinary World 2021
Materias:	african swine fever disinfectant porcine alveolar macrophage cell potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate quaternary ammonium compound virucidal efficacy Animal culture SF1-1100 Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/75c512ae2f7a41fd9a3d6f40e88028e7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:75c512ae2f7a41fd9a3d6f40e88028e72021-11-21T15:17:16ZIn vitro cytotoxicity and virucidal efficacy of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate compared to quaternary ammonium compound under various concentrations, exposure times and temperatures against African swine fever virus10.14202/vetworld.2021.2936-29400972-89882231-0916https://doaj.org/article/75c512ae2f7a41fd9a3d6f40e88028e72021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.14/November-2021/13.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/0972-8988https://doaj.org/toc/2231-0916Background and Aim: The selection and proper application of disinfectants are crucial to the prevention of many diseases, so disinfectants must be evaluated before being used for the prevention of African swine fever (ASF). Three disinfectant products belonging to the group of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfates, product A and product B, and a quaternary ammonium compound called product C, were examined in vitro for host cell cytotoxicity and the efficacy of ASF virus inactivation. The study parameters included various concentrations, exposure times, temperatures, and degrees of cytotoxicity. Materials and Methods: Three disinfectant products were evaluated for cytotoxicity using primary porcine alveolar macrophage (PAM) cells at dilutions from 1:200 to 1:51,200. Disinfectants in concentrations of 1:200, 1:400, and 1:800 were prepared, the pH and the virucidal activity were tested. An equal volume of each dilution was mixed with the ASF virus and incubated at room temperature (20°C) or on ice (4°C) for 1 min, 5 min, or 30 min. Hemadsorption (HAD) or rosette formation was observed using an inverted microscope for 5 days after inoculation, and the virus titer was calculated as HAD50/mL. Each treatment and virus control were tested in triplicate, and the titers were reported as means and standard deviations. The reduction factor was used to measure inactivation. Results: Products A, B, and C at 1:400, 1:800, and 1:25,600 of dilution, respectively, did not show significant cytotoxic effects on PAM cells. Products A and B could inactivate ASF virus at 1:200 dilution within 5 min after exposure at 4°C. However, at 20°C, the exposure time had to be extended to 30 min to inactivate the virus. Product C could inactivate the virus at 1:400 dilution within 5 min under both temperature conditions, whereas at 1:800 dilution, the exposure time had to be extended to 30 min to completely inactivate the virus at 20°C. Conclusion: All disinfectants could inactivate ASF virus in various concentrations, under appropriate exposure times and reaction temperatures, and there was no evidence of host cell cytotoxicity. For the control of ASF in pig farms, the appropriate concentration, ambient temperature, and contact time of these disinfectants should be taken into account.Watcharee SovijitMachimaporn TaesujiKhate RattanamasDarsaniya PunyadarsaniyaThanongsak MamomHoa Thi NguyenSakchai RuenphetVeterinary Worldarticleafrican swine feverdisinfectantporcine alveolar macrophage cellpotassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfatequaternary ammonium compoundvirucidal efficacyAnimal cultureSF1-1100Veterinary medicineSF600-1100ENVeterinary World, Vol 14, Iss 11, Pp 2936-2940 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	african swine fever disinfectant porcine alveolar macrophage cell potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate quaternary ammonium compound virucidal efficacy Animal culture SF1-1100 Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
spellingShingle	african swine fever disinfectant porcine alveolar macrophage cell potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate quaternary ammonium compound virucidal efficacy Animal culture SF1-1100 Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Watcharee Sovijit Machimaporn Taesuji Khate Rattanamas Darsaniya Punyadarsaniya Thanongsak Mamom Hoa Thi Nguyen Sakchai Ruenphet In vitro cytotoxicity and virucidal efficacy of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate compared to quaternary ammonium compound under various concentrations, exposure times and temperatures against African swine fever virus
description	Background and Aim: The selection and proper application of disinfectants are crucial to the prevention of many diseases, so disinfectants must be evaluated before being used for the prevention of African swine fever (ASF). Three disinfectant products belonging to the group of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfates, product A and product B, and a quaternary ammonium compound called product C, were examined in vitro for host cell cytotoxicity and the efficacy of ASF virus inactivation. The study parameters included various concentrations, exposure times, temperatures, and degrees of cytotoxicity. Materials and Methods: Three disinfectant products were evaluated for cytotoxicity using primary porcine alveolar macrophage (PAM) cells at dilutions from 1:200 to 1:51,200. Disinfectants in concentrations of 1:200, 1:400, and 1:800 were prepared, the pH and the virucidal activity were tested. An equal volume of each dilution was mixed with the ASF virus and incubated at room temperature (20°C) or on ice (4°C) for 1 min, 5 min, or 30 min. Hemadsorption (HAD) or rosette formation was observed using an inverted microscope for 5 days after inoculation, and the virus titer was calculated as HAD50/mL. Each treatment and virus control were tested in triplicate, and the titers were reported as means and standard deviations. The reduction factor was used to measure inactivation. Results: Products A, B, and C at 1:400, 1:800, and 1:25,600 of dilution, respectively, did not show significant cytotoxic effects on PAM cells. Products A and B could inactivate ASF virus at 1:200 dilution within 5 min after exposure at 4°C. However, at 20°C, the exposure time had to be extended to 30 min to inactivate the virus. Product C could inactivate the virus at 1:400 dilution within 5 min under both temperature conditions, whereas at 1:800 dilution, the exposure time had to be extended to 30 min to completely inactivate the virus at 20°C. Conclusion: All disinfectants could inactivate ASF virus in various concentrations, under appropriate exposure times and reaction temperatures, and there was no evidence of host cell cytotoxicity. For the control of ASF in pig farms, the appropriate concentration, ambient temperature, and contact time of these disinfectants should be taken into account.
format	article
author	Watcharee Sovijit Machimaporn Taesuji Khate Rattanamas Darsaniya Punyadarsaniya Thanongsak Mamom Hoa Thi Nguyen Sakchai Ruenphet
author_facet	Watcharee Sovijit Machimaporn Taesuji Khate Rattanamas Darsaniya Punyadarsaniya Thanongsak Mamom Hoa Thi Nguyen Sakchai Ruenphet
author_sort	Watcharee Sovijit
title	In vitro cytotoxicity and virucidal efficacy of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate compared to quaternary ammonium compound under various concentrations, exposure times and temperatures against African swine fever virus
title_short	In vitro cytotoxicity and virucidal efficacy of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate compared to quaternary ammonium compound under various concentrations, exposure times and temperatures against African swine fever virus
title_full	In vitro cytotoxicity and virucidal efficacy of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate compared to quaternary ammonium compound under various concentrations, exposure times and temperatures against African swine fever virus
title_fullStr	In vitro cytotoxicity and virucidal efficacy of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate compared to quaternary ammonium compound under various concentrations, exposure times and temperatures against African swine fever virus
title_full_unstemmed	In vitro cytotoxicity and virucidal efficacy of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate compared to quaternary ammonium compound under various concentrations, exposure times and temperatures against African swine fever virus
title_sort	in vitro cytotoxicity and virucidal efficacy of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate compared to quaternary ammonium compound under various concentrations, exposure times and temperatures against african swine fever virus
publisher	Veterinary World
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/75c512ae2f7a41fd9a3d6f40e88028e7
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In vitro cytotoxicity and virucidal efficacy of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate compared to quaternary ammonium compound under various concentrations, exposure times and temperatures against African swine fever virus

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