Preparation of Cement Clinker from Geopolymer-Based Wastes

In order to avoid potential environmental pollution from geopolymer-based material wastes, this work investigated the feasibility of using these materials as alternative raw materials in the preparation of cement clinker. The geopolymer binders and mortars were used as substitutes for natural minera...

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Autores principales:	Rabii Hattaf, Mohamed Benchikhi, Abdessamad Azzouzi, Rachida El Ouatib, Moussa Gomina, Azzeddine Samdi, Redouane Moussa
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	geopolymer waste clinker alternative raw materials Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/75d9e68113ca4f96ae0ab8f56d7832ab
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:75d9e68113ca4f96ae0ab8f56d7832ab2021-11-11T18:06:00ZPreparation of Cement Clinker from Geopolymer-Based Wastes10.3390/ma142165341996-1944https://doaj.org/article/75d9e68113ca4f96ae0ab8f56d7832ab2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6534https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944In order to avoid potential environmental pollution from geopolymer-based material wastes, this work investigated the feasibility of using these materials as alternative raw materials in the preparation of cement clinker. The geopolymer binders and mortars were used as substitutes for natural mineral clays since they are rich in silica and alumina. Simulated geopolymer wastes were prepared by the activation of metakaolin or fly ash by an alkaline silicate solution. The cement-clinkers fired at 1450 °C for 1h were characterized by XRD, XRF, SEM-EDS, and a free lime (CaO<sub>f</sub>) content test. The anhydrous clinker mineral phases C<sub>3</sub>S (Ca<sub>3</sub>SiO<sub>5</sub>), C<sub>2</sub>S (Ca<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub>), C<sub>3</sub>A (Ca<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>), and C<sub>4</sub>AF (Ca<sub>4</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>10</sub>) were well-crystallized in all investigated formulations. The free lime was lower than 1.3 wt% in all elaborated clinkers, which indicates a high degree of clinkerization. The results demonstrate that geopolymer binder and mortar materials are suitable substitutes for natural mineral clay incement clinker preparation.Rabii HattafMohamed BenchikhiAbdessamad AzzouziRachida El OuatibMoussa GominaAzzeddine SamdiRedouane MoussaMDPI AGarticlegeopolymerwasteclinkeralternative raw materialsTechnologyTElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040MicroscopyQH201-278.5Descriptive and experimental mechanicsQC120-168.85ENMaterials, Vol 14, Iss 6534, p 6534 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	geopolymer waste clinker alternative raw materials Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
spellingShingle	geopolymer waste clinker alternative raw materials Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 Rabii Hattaf Mohamed Benchikhi Abdessamad Azzouzi Rachida El Ouatib Moussa Gomina Azzeddine Samdi Redouane Moussa Preparation of Cement Clinker from Geopolymer-Based Wastes
description	In order to avoid potential environmental pollution from geopolymer-based material wastes, this work investigated the feasibility of using these materials as alternative raw materials in the preparation of cement clinker. The geopolymer binders and mortars were used as substitutes for natural mineral clays since they are rich in silica and alumina. Simulated geopolymer wastes were prepared by the activation of metakaolin or fly ash by an alkaline silicate solution. The cement-clinkers fired at 1450 °C for 1h were characterized by XRD, XRF, SEM-EDS, and a free lime (CaO<sub>f</sub>) content test. The anhydrous clinker mineral phases C<sub>3</sub>S (Ca<sub>3</sub>SiO<sub>5</sub>), C<sub>2</sub>S (Ca<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub>), C<sub>3</sub>A (Ca<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>), and C<sub>4</sub>AF (Ca<sub>4</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>10</sub>) were well-crystallized in all investigated formulations. The free lime was lower than 1.3 wt% in all elaborated clinkers, which indicates a high degree of clinkerization. The results demonstrate that geopolymer binder and mortar materials are suitable substitutes for natural mineral clay incement clinker preparation.
format	article
author	Rabii Hattaf Mohamed Benchikhi Abdessamad Azzouzi Rachida El Ouatib Moussa Gomina Azzeddine Samdi Redouane Moussa
author_facet	Rabii Hattaf Mohamed Benchikhi Abdessamad Azzouzi Rachida El Ouatib Moussa Gomina Azzeddine Samdi Redouane Moussa
author_sort	Rabii Hattaf
title	Preparation of Cement Clinker from Geopolymer-Based Wastes
title_short	Preparation of Cement Clinker from Geopolymer-Based Wastes
title_full	Preparation of Cement Clinker from Geopolymer-Based Wastes
title_fullStr	Preparation of Cement Clinker from Geopolymer-Based Wastes
title_full_unstemmed	Preparation of Cement Clinker from Geopolymer-Based Wastes
title_sort	preparation of cement clinker from geopolymer-based wastes
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/75d9e68113ca4f96ae0ab8f56d7832ab
work_keys_str_mv	AT rabiihattaf preparationofcementclinkerfromgeopolymerbasedwastes AT mohamedbenchikhi preparationofcementclinkerfromgeopolymerbasedwastes AT abdessamadazzouzi preparationofcementclinkerfromgeopolymerbasedwastes AT rachidaelouatib preparationofcementclinkerfromgeopolymerbasedwastes AT moussagomina preparationofcementclinkerfromgeopolymerbasedwastes AT azzeddinesamdi preparationofcementclinkerfromgeopolymerbasedwastes AT redouanemoussa preparationofcementclinkerfromgeopolymerbasedwastes
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Preparation of Cement Clinker from Geopolymer-Based Wastes

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