Consumer-resource dynamics: quantity, quality, and allocation.

<h4>Background</h4>The dominant paradigm for modeling the complexities of interacting populations and food webs is a system of coupled ordinary differential equations in which the state of each species, population, or functional trophic group is represented by an aggregated numbers-densi...

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Autores principales:	Wayne M Getz, Norman Owen-Smith
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/75e4c05840c0481ba76c057ec3bd849d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:75e4c05840c0481ba76c057ec3bd849d2021-11-18T07:00:12ZConsumer-resource dynamics: quantity, quality, and allocation.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0014539https://doaj.org/article/75e4c05840c0481ba76c057ec3bd849d2011-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21283752/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>The dominant paradigm for modeling the complexities of interacting populations and food webs is a system of coupled ordinary differential equations in which the state of each species, population, or functional trophic group is represented by an aggregated numbers-density or biomass-density variable. Here, using the metaphysiological approach to model consumer-resource interactions, we formulate a two-state paradigm that represents each population or group in a food web in terms of both its quantity and quality.<h4>Methodology and principal findings</h4>The formulation includes an allocation function controlling the relative proportion of extracted resources to increasing quantity versus elevating quality. Since lower quality individuals senescence more rapidly than higher quality individuals, an optimal allocation proportion exists and we derive an expression for how this proportion depends on population parameters that determine the senescence rate, the per-capita mortality rate, and the effects of these rates on the dynamics of the quality variable. We demonstrate that oscillations do not arise in our model from quantity-quality interactions alone, but require consumer-resource interactions across trophic levels that can be stabilized through judicious resource allocation strategies. Analysis and simulations provide compelling arguments for the necessity of populations to evolve quality-related dynamics in the form of maternal effects, storage or other appropriate structures. They also indicate that resource allocation switching between investments in abundance versus quality provide a powerful mechanism for promoting the stability of consumer-resource interactions in seasonally forcing environments.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Our simulations show that physiological inefficiencies associated with this switching can be favored by selection due to the diminished exposure of inefficient consumers to strong oscillations associated with the well-known paradox of enrichment. Also our results demonstrate how allocation switching can explain observed growth patterns in experimental microbial cultures and discuss how our formulation can address questions that cannot be answered using the quantity-only paradigms that currently predominate.Wayne M GetzNorman Owen-SmithPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 1, p e14539 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Wayne M Getz Norman Owen-Smith Consumer-resource dynamics: quantity, quality, and allocation.
description	<h4>Background</h4>The dominant paradigm for modeling the complexities of interacting populations and food webs is a system of coupled ordinary differential equations in which the state of each species, population, or functional trophic group is represented by an aggregated numbers-density or biomass-density variable. Here, using the metaphysiological approach to model consumer-resource interactions, we formulate a two-state paradigm that represents each population or group in a food web in terms of both its quantity and quality.<h4>Methodology and principal findings</h4>The formulation includes an allocation function controlling the relative proportion of extracted resources to increasing quantity versus elevating quality. Since lower quality individuals senescence more rapidly than higher quality individuals, an optimal allocation proportion exists and we derive an expression for how this proportion depends on population parameters that determine the senescence rate, the per-capita mortality rate, and the effects of these rates on the dynamics of the quality variable. We demonstrate that oscillations do not arise in our model from quantity-quality interactions alone, but require consumer-resource interactions across trophic levels that can be stabilized through judicious resource allocation strategies. Analysis and simulations provide compelling arguments for the necessity of populations to evolve quality-related dynamics in the form of maternal effects, storage or other appropriate structures. They also indicate that resource allocation switching between investments in abundance versus quality provide a powerful mechanism for promoting the stability of consumer-resource interactions in seasonally forcing environments.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Our simulations show that physiological inefficiencies associated with this switching can be favored by selection due to the diminished exposure of inefficient consumers to strong oscillations associated with the well-known paradox of enrichment. Also our results demonstrate how allocation switching can explain observed growth patterns in experimental microbial cultures and discuss how our formulation can address questions that cannot be answered using the quantity-only paradigms that currently predominate.
format	article
author	Wayne M Getz Norman Owen-Smith
author_facet	Wayne M Getz Norman Owen-Smith
author_sort	Wayne M Getz
title	Consumer-resource dynamics: quantity, quality, and allocation.
title_short	Consumer-resource dynamics: quantity, quality, and allocation.
title_full	Consumer-resource dynamics: quantity, quality, and allocation.
title_fullStr	Consumer-resource dynamics: quantity, quality, and allocation.
title_full_unstemmed	Consumer-resource dynamics: quantity, quality, and allocation.
title_sort	consumer-resource dynamics: quantity, quality, and allocation.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/75e4c05840c0481ba76c057ec3bd849d
work_keys_str_mv	AT waynemgetz consumerresourcedynamicsquantityqualityandallocation AT normanowensmith consumerresourcedynamicsquantityqualityandallocation
_version_	1718424048770220032

Consumer-resource dynamics: quantity, quality, and allocation.

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