It’s the Little Things (in Viral RNA)

ABSTRACT Chemical modifications of viral RNA are an integral part of the viral life cycle and are present in most classes of viruses. To date, more than 170 RNA modifications have been discovered in all types of cellular RNA. Only a few, however, have been found in viral RNA, and the function of mos...

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Autores principales:	Jiří František Potužník, Hana Cahová
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2020
Materias:	RNA modification RNA modification detection RNA virus retroviruses viral RNA Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/760bfcfa712c41d497dc84425ad9309d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:760bfcfa712c41d497dc84425ad9309d2021-11-15T16:19:10ZIt’s the Little Things (in Viral RNA)10.1128/mBio.02131-202150-7511https://doaj.org/article/760bfcfa712c41d497dc84425ad9309d2020-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.02131-20https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT Chemical modifications of viral RNA are an integral part of the viral life cycle and are present in most classes of viruses. To date, more than 170 RNA modifications have been discovered in all types of cellular RNA. Only a few, however, have been found in viral RNA, and the function of most of these has yet to be elucidated. Those few we have discovered and whose functions we understand have a varied effect on each virus. They facilitate RNA export from the nucleus, aid in viral protein synthesis, recruit host enzymes, and even interact with the host immune machinery. The most common methods for their study are mass spectrometry and antibody assays linked to next-generation sequencing. However, given that the actual amount of modified RNA can be very small, it is important to pair meticulous scientific methodology with the appropriate detection methods and to interpret the results with a grain of salt. Once discovered, RNA modifications enhance our understanding of viruses and present a potential target in combating them. This review provides a summary of the currently known chemical modifications of viral RNA, the effects they have on viral machinery, and the methods used to detect them.Jiří František PotužníkHana CahováAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleRNA modificationRNA modification detectionRNA virusretrovirusesviral RNAMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 11, Iss 5 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	RNA modification RNA modification detection RNA virus retroviruses viral RNA Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	RNA modification RNA modification detection RNA virus retroviruses viral RNA Microbiology QR1-502 Jiří František Potužník Hana Cahová It’s the Little Things (in Viral RNA)
description	ABSTRACT Chemical modifications of viral RNA are an integral part of the viral life cycle and are present in most classes of viruses. To date, more than 170 RNA modifications have been discovered in all types of cellular RNA. Only a few, however, have been found in viral RNA, and the function of most of these has yet to be elucidated. Those few we have discovered and whose functions we understand have a varied effect on each virus. They facilitate RNA export from the nucleus, aid in viral protein synthesis, recruit host enzymes, and even interact with the host immune machinery. The most common methods for their study are mass spectrometry and antibody assays linked to next-generation sequencing. However, given that the actual amount of modified RNA can be very small, it is important to pair meticulous scientific methodology with the appropriate detection methods and to interpret the results with a grain of salt. Once discovered, RNA modifications enhance our understanding of viruses and present a potential target in combating them. This review provides a summary of the currently known chemical modifications of viral RNA, the effects they have on viral machinery, and the methods used to detect them.
format	article
author	Jiří František Potužník Hana Cahová
author_facet	Jiří František Potužník Hana Cahová
author_sort	Jiří František Potužník
title	It’s the Little Things (in Viral RNA)
title_short	It’s the Little Things (in Viral RNA)
title_full	It’s the Little Things (in Viral RNA)
title_fullStr	It’s the Little Things (in Viral RNA)
title_full_unstemmed	It’s the Little Things (in Viral RNA)
title_sort	it’s the little things (in viral rna)
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/760bfcfa712c41d497dc84425ad9309d
work_keys_str_mv	AT jirifrantisekpotuznik itsthelittlethingsinviralrna AT hanacahova itsthelittlethingsinviralrna
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It’s the Little Things (in Viral RNA)

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