Finger Twitches are More Frequent in REM Sleep Than in Non-REM Sleep

Andrew M Reiter,1 Gregory D Roach,1 Charli Sargent,1 Leon Lack2 1Appleton Institute for Behavioural Science, Central Queensland University, Goodwood, SA 5034, Australia; 2College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, AustraliaCorresponde...

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Autores principales:	Reiter AM, Roach GD, Sargent C, Lack L
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2020
Materias:	finger twitch rem sleep actigraphy wearable Psychiatry RC435-571 Neurophysiology and neuropsychology QP351-495
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/761bbd6d6c364d0a9566ae4dce3e8c8c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:761bbd6d6c364d0a9566ae4dce3e8c8c2021-12-02T05:06:22ZFinger Twitches are More Frequent in REM Sleep Than in Non-REM Sleep1179-1608https://doaj.org/article/761bbd6d6c364d0a9566ae4dce3e8c8c2020-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/finger-twitches-are-more-frequent-in-rem-sleep-than-in-non-rem-sleep-peer-reviewed-article-NSShttps://doaj.org/toc/1179-1608Andrew M Reiter,1 Gregory D Roach,1 Charli Sargent,1 Leon Lack2 1Appleton Institute for Behavioural Science, Central Queensland University, Goodwood, SA 5034, Australia; 2College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, AustraliaCorrespondence: Andrew M ReiterAppleton Institute for Behavioural Science, Central Queensland University, PO Box 42, Goodwood, SA 5034, AustraliaTel +61 8 8378 4523Email a.reiter@cqu.edu.auIntroduction: Abnormal rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is often symptomatic of chronic disorders, however polysomnography, the gold standard method to measure REM sleep, is expensive and often impractical. Attempts to develop cost-effective ambulatory systems to measure REM sleep have had limited success. As elevated twitching is often observed during REM sleep in some distal muscles, the aim of this study was to assess the potential for a finger-mounted device to measure finger twitches, and thereby differentiate periods of REM and non-REM (NREM) sleep.Methods: One night of sleep data was collected by polysomnography from each of 18 (3f, 15m) healthy adults aged 23.2 ± 3.3 (mean ± SD) years. Finger movement was detected using a piezo-electric limb sensor taped to the index finger of each participant. Finger twitch densities were calculated for each stage of sleep.Results: Finger twitch density was greater in REM than in NREM sleep (p < 0.001). Each sleep stage had a unique finger twitch density, except for REM and stage N1 sleep which were similar. Finger twitch density was greater in late REM than in early REM sleep (p = 0.005), and there was a time–state interaction: the difference between finger twitch densities in REM and NREM sleep was greater in late sleep than in early sleep (p = 0.007).Conclusion: Finger twitching is more frequent in REM sleep than in NREM sleep and becomes more distinguishable as sleep progresses. Finger twitches appear to be too infrequent to make definitive 30-second epoch determinations of sleep stage. However, an algorithm informed by measures of finger twitch density has the potential to detect periods of REM sleep and provide estimates of total REM sleep time and percentage.Keywords: finger, twitch, REM sleep, actigraphy, wearableReiter AMRoach GDSargent CLack LDove Medical Pressarticlefingertwitchrem sleepactigraphywearablePsychiatryRC435-571Neurophysiology and neuropsychologyQP351-495ENNature and Science of Sleep, Vol Volume 12, Pp 49-56 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	finger twitch rem sleep actigraphy wearable Psychiatry RC435-571 Neurophysiology and neuropsychology QP351-495
spellingShingle	finger twitch rem sleep actigraphy wearable Psychiatry RC435-571 Neurophysiology and neuropsychology QP351-495 Reiter AM Roach GD Sargent C Lack L Finger Twitches are More Frequent in REM Sleep Than in Non-REM Sleep
description	Andrew M Reiter,1 Gregory D Roach,1 Charli Sargent,1 Leon Lack2 1Appleton Institute for Behavioural Science, Central Queensland University, Goodwood, SA 5034, Australia; 2College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, AustraliaCorrespondence: Andrew M ReiterAppleton Institute for Behavioural Science, Central Queensland University, PO Box 42, Goodwood, SA 5034, AustraliaTel +61 8 8378 4523Email a.reiter@cqu.edu.auIntroduction: Abnormal rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is often symptomatic of chronic disorders, however polysomnography, the gold standard method to measure REM sleep, is expensive and often impractical. Attempts to develop cost-effective ambulatory systems to measure REM sleep have had limited success. As elevated twitching is often observed during REM sleep in some distal muscles, the aim of this study was to assess the potential for a finger-mounted device to measure finger twitches, and thereby differentiate periods of REM and non-REM (NREM) sleep.Methods: One night of sleep data was collected by polysomnography from each of 18 (3f, 15m) healthy adults aged 23.2 ± 3.3 (mean ± SD) years. Finger movement was detected using a piezo-electric limb sensor taped to the index finger of each participant. Finger twitch densities were calculated for each stage of sleep.Results: Finger twitch density was greater in REM than in NREM sleep (p < 0.001). Each sleep stage had a unique finger twitch density, except for REM and stage N1 sleep which were similar. Finger twitch density was greater in late REM than in early REM sleep (p = 0.005), and there was a time–state interaction: the difference between finger twitch densities in REM and NREM sleep was greater in late sleep than in early sleep (p = 0.007).Conclusion: Finger twitching is more frequent in REM sleep than in NREM sleep and becomes more distinguishable as sleep progresses. Finger twitches appear to be too infrequent to make definitive 30-second epoch determinations of sleep stage. However, an algorithm informed by measures of finger twitch density has the potential to detect periods of REM sleep and provide estimates of total REM sleep time and percentage.Keywords: finger, twitch, REM sleep, actigraphy, wearable
format	article
author	Reiter AM Roach GD Sargent C Lack L
author_facet	Reiter AM Roach GD Sargent C Lack L
author_sort	Reiter AM
title	Finger Twitches are More Frequent in REM Sleep Than in Non-REM Sleep
title_short	Finger Twitches are More Frequent in REM Sleep Than in Non-REM Sleep
title_full	Finger Twitches are More Frequent in REM Sleep Than in Non-REM Sleep
title_fullStr	Finger Twitches are More Frequent in REM Sleep Than in Non-REM Sleep
title_full_unstemmed	Finger Twitches are More Frequent in REM Sleep Than in Non-REM Sleep
title_sort	finger twitches are more frequent in rem sleep than in non-rem sleep
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/761bbd6d6c364d0a9566ae4dce3e8c8c
work_keys_str_mv	AT reiteram fingertwitchesaremorefrequentinremsleepthaninnonremsleep AT roachgd fingertwitchesaremorefrequentinremsleepthaninnonremsleep AT sargentc fingertwitchesaremorefrequentinremsleepthaninnonremsleep AT lackl fingertwitchesaremorefrequentinremsleepthaninnonremsleep
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Finger Twitches are More Frequent in REM Sleep Than in Non-REM Sleep

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