Cytokine Storm and Mucus Hypersecretion in COVID-19: Review of Mechanisms

Mohsin Ali Khan,1 Zaw Ali Khan,1 Mark Charles,2 Pushpendra Pratap,2 Abdul Naeem,2 Zainab Siddiqui,3 Nigar Naqvi,4 Shikha Srivastava4 1Reseach & Development Department, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India; 2Metabolic Research Unit, Era&...

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Autores principales:	Khan MA, Khan ZA, Charles M, Pratap P, Naeem A, Siddiqui Z, Naqvi N, Srivastava S
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	covid-19 cytokine storm mucus coronavirus viral infection Pathology RB1-214 Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7659bbb2b9424572adcdb02eb61fc7af
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7659bbb2b9424572adcdb02eb61fc7af2021-12-02T15:24:16ZCytokine Storm and Mucus Hypersecretion in COVID-19: Review of Mechanisms1178-7031https://doaj.org/article/7659bbb2b9424572adcdb02eb61fc7af2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/cytokine-storm-and-mucus-hypersecretion-in-covid-19-review-of-mechanis-peer-reviewed-article-JIRhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-7031Mohsin Ali Khan,1 Zaw Ali Khan,1 Mark Charles,2 Pushpendra Pratap,2 Abdul Naeem,2 Zainab Siddiqui,3 Nigar Naqvi,4 Shikha Srivastava4 1Reseach & Development Department, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India; 2Metabolic Research Unit, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India; 3Department of Pathology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India; 4Department of Nutrition, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaCorrespondence: Zaw Ali Khan Era’s Lucknow Medical College & HospitalEra University, Hardoi Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001, IndiaTel +91 9839445514Email zawali@erauniversity.inAbstract: Mucus is an integral part of the respiratory physiology. It protects the respiratory tract by acting as a physical barrier against inhaled particles and microbes. Excessive inflammation in conditions such as COVID-19 can result in over-production of mucus which obstructs the airway. Build-up of mucus can also contribute to recurrent airway infection, causing further obstruction. This article summarizes the current understanding and knowledge of respiratory mucus production and proposes the role of cytokine storm in inducing sudden mucus hypersecretion in COVID-19. Based on these cascades, the active constituents that inhibit or activate several potential targets are outlined for further research. These may be explored for the discovery and design of drugs to combat cytokine storm and its ensuing complications.Keywords: COVID-19, cytokine storm, mucus, coronavirus, viral infectionKhan MAKhan ZACharles MPratap PNaeem ASiddiqui ZNaqvi NSrivastava SDove Medical Pressarticlecovid-19cytokine stormmucuscoronavirusviral infectionPathologyRB1-214Therapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENJournal of Inflammation Research, Vol Volume 14, Pp 175-189 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	covid-19 cytokine storm mucus coronavirus viral infection Pathology RB1-214 Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
spellingShingle	covid-19 cytokine storm mucus coronavirus viral infection Pathology RB1-214 Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 Khan MA Khan ZA Charles M Pratap P Naeem A Siddiqui Z Naqvi N Srivastava S Cytokine Storm and Mucus Hypersecretion in COVID-19: Review of Mechanisms
description	Mohsin Ali Khan,1 Zaw Ali Khan,1 Mark Charles,2 Pushpendra Pratap,2 Abdul Naeem,2 Zainab Siddiqui,3 Nigar Naqvi,4 Shikha Srivastava4 1Reseach & Development Department, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India; 2Metabolic Research Unit, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India; 3Department of Pathology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India; 4Department of Nutrition, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaCorrespondence: Zaw Ali Khan Era’s Lucknow Medical College & HospitalEra University, Hardoi Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001, IndiaTel +91 9839445514Email zawali@erauniversity.inAbstract: Mucus is an integral part of the respiratory physiology. It protects the respiratory tract by acting as a physical barrier against inhaled particles and microbes. Excessive inflammation in conditions such as COVID-19 can result in over-production of mucus which obstructs the airway. Build-up of mucus can also contribute to recurrent airway infection, causing further obstruction. This article summarizes the current understanding and knowledge of respiratory mucus production and proposes the role of cytokine storm in inducing sudden mucus hypersecretion in COVID-19. Based on these cascades, the active constituents that inhibit or activate several potential targets are outlined for further research. These may be explored for the discovery and design of drugs to combat cytokine storm and its ensuing complications.Keywords: COVID-19, cytokine storm, mucus, coronavirus, viral infection
format	article
author	Khan MA Khan ZA Charles M Pratap P Naeem A Siddiqui Z Naqvi N Srivastava S
author_facet	Khan MA Khan ZA Charles M Pratap P Naeem A Siddiqui Z Naqvi N Srivastava S
author_sort	Khan MA
title	Cytokine Storm and Mucus Hypersecretion in COVID-19: Review of Mechanisms
title_short	Cytokine Storm and Mucus Hypersecretion in COVID-19: Review of Mechanisms
title_full	Cytokine Storm and Mucus Hypersecretion in COVID-19: Review of Mechanisms
title_fullStr	Cytokine Storm and Mucus Hypersecretion in COVID-19: Review of Mechanisms
title_full_unstemmed	Cytokine Storm and Mucus Hypersecretion in COVID-19: Review of Mechanisms
title_sort	cytokine storm and mucus hypersecretion in covid-19: review of mechanisms
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7659bbb2b9424572adcdb02eb61fc7af
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Cytokine Storm and Mucus Hypersecretion in COVID-19: Review of Mechanisms

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