Sub-elite sprinters and rugby players possess different morphological characteristics of the individual hamstrings and quadriceps muscles.

Numerous studies have clarified that sprinters possess unique morphological characteristics of the thigh muscles compared with non-athletes. However, little evidence is available regarding the morphological differences between sprinters and rugby players. This study aimed to examine the morphologica...

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Autores principales:	Raki Kawama, Masamichi Okudaira, Tatsuya Shimasaki, Hirohiko Maemura, Satoru Tanigawa
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/766793761a0249128d55e1ba32e7d188
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:766793761a0249128d55e1ba32e7d1882021-12-02T20:13:29ZSub-elite sprinters and rugby players possess different morphological characteristics of the individual hamstrings and quadriceps muscles.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0259039https://doaj.org/article/766793761a0249128d55e1ba32e7d1882021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259039https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Numerous studies have clarified that sprinters possess unique morphological characteristics of the thigh muscles compared with non-athletes. However, little evidence is available regarding the morphological differences between sprinters and rugby players. This study aimed to examine the morphological differences in the individual hamstrings and quadriceps femoris muscles between sub-elite sprinters and rugby players. Ultrasound images were acquired from the proximal, middle, and distal regions of the thigh. From the images, the anatomical cross-sectional areas were calculated for 14 sub-elite sprinters, 14 rugby players, and 14 non-athletes. The calculated anatomical cross-sectional areas were normalized to two-thirds power of the body mass, and the normalized values of all regions were averaged as those of the individual muscles. In the hamstrings, the sizes of the biceps femoris short head and semitendinosus were greater in the sprinters than in the rugby players and/or non-athletes (all p < 0.05). In contrast, in the quadriceps femoris, the sizes of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, and vastus intermedius were the greatest in the rugby players (all p < 0.05). In the middle region of the biceps femoris short head and the proximal-middle regions of the semitendinosus, the muscle sizes were greater in the sprinters than in the rugby players (all p < 0.05), and vice versa in the middle-distal regions of the rectus femoris (all p < 0.05). These results suggest that 1) sub-elite sprinters possess larger sizes of the biceps femoris short head and semitendinosus, whereas rugby players have larger sizes of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, and vastus intermedius, and 2) each of the athletes has different size distributions, especially along the lengths of BFsh, ST, and RF. The findings of the present study would be helpful for rugby players in designing training regimens aimed at enhancing sprint performance.Raki KawamaMasamichi OkudairaTatsuya ShimasakiHirohiko MaemuraSatoru TanigawaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 10, p e0259039 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Raki Kawama Masamichi Okudaira Tatsuya Shimasaki Hirohiko Maemura Satoru Tanigawa Sub-elite sprinters and rugby players possess different morphological characteristics of the individual hamstrings and quadriceps muscles.
description	Numerous studies have clarified that sprinters possess unique morphological characteristics of the thigh muscles compared with non-athletes. However, little evidence is available regarding the morphological differences between sprinters and rugby players. This study aimed to examine the morphological differences in the individual hamstrings and quadriceps femoris muscles between sub-elite sprinters and rugby players. Ultrasound images were acquired from the proximal, middle, and distal regions of the thigh. From the images, the anatomical cross-sectional areas were calculated for 14 sub-elite sprinters, 14 rugby players, and 14 non-athletes. The calculated anatomical cross-sectional areas were normalized to two-thirds power of the body mass, and the normalized values of all regions were averaged as those of the individual muscles. In the hamstrings, the sizes of the biceps femoris short head and semitendinosus were greater in the sprinters than in the rugby players and/or non-athletes (all p < 0.05). In contrast, in the quadriceps femoris, the sizes of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, and vastus intermedius were the greatest in the rugby players (all p < 0.05). In the middle region of the biceps femoris short head and the proximal-middle regions of the semitendinosus, the muscle sizes were greater in the sprinters than in the rugby players (all p < 0.05), and vice versa in the middle-distal regions of the rectus femoris (all p < 0.05). These results suggest that 1) sub-elite sprinters possess larger sizes of the biceps femoris short head and semitendinosus, whereas rugby players have larger sizes of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, and vastus intermedius, and 2) each of the athletes has different size distributions, especially along the lengths of BFsh, ST, and RF. The findings of the present study would be helpful for rugby players in designing training regimens aimed at enhancing sprint performance.
format	article
author	Raki Kawama Masamichi Okudaira Tatsuya Shimasaki Hirohiko Maemura Satoru Tanigawa
author_facet	Raki Kawama Masamichi Okudaira Tatsuya Shimasaki Hirohiko Maemura Satoru Tanigawa
author_sort	Raki Kawama
title	Sub-elite sprinters and rugby players possess different morphological characteristics of the individual hamstrings and quadriceps muscles.
title_short	Sub-elite sprinters and rugby players possess different morphological characteristics of the individual hamstrings and quadriceps muscles.
title_full	Sub-elite sprinters and rugby players possess different morphological characteristics of the individual hamstrings and quadriceps muscles.
title_fullStr	Sub-elite sprinters and rugby players possess different morphological characteristics of the individual hamstrings and quadriceps muscles.
title_full_unstemmed	Sub-elite sprinters and rugby players possess different morphological characteristics of the individual hamstrings and quadriceps muscles.
title_sort	sub-elite sprinters and rugby players possess different morphological characteristics of the individual hamstrings and quadriceps muscles.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/766793761a0249128d55e1ba32e7d188
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Sub-elite sprinters and rugby players possess different morphological characteristics of the individual hamstrings and quadriceps muscles.

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