Optimizing simulation of arm stroke in freestyle for swimmers with hemiplegia

The objective of this study was to solve the theoretically ideal arm stroke for a swimmer with hemiplegia by using the optimizing simulation. The method of optimizing simulation for non-disabled swimmers was extended to a swimmer with hemiplegia. In order to evaluate the arm strokes in the optimizin...

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Autores principales:	Motomu NAKASHIMA, Chie NEMOTO, Taichi KISHIMOTO, Masahiro TERADA, Yasushi IKUTA
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers 2017
Materias:	swimming optimization freestyle hemiplegia physical disability sports engineering Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7691c8f24b374a0883efc5a1744b43f5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7691c8f24b374a0883efc5a1744b43f52021-11-26T07:14:14ZOptimizing simulation of arm stroke in freestyle for swimmers with hemiplegia2187-974510.1299/mej.17-00377https://doaj.org/article/7691c8f24b374a0883efc5a1744b43f52017-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/mej/5/1/5_17-00377/_pdf/-char/enhttps://doaj.org/toc/2187-9745The objective of this study was to solve the theoretically ideal arm stroke for a swimmer with hemiplegia by using the optimizing simulation. The method of optimizing simulation for non-disabled swimmers was extended to a swimmer with hemiplegia. In order to evaluate the arm strokes in the optimizing calculation, the swimming human simulation model SWUM was employed. As the design variables, the joint angles in the three time frames, in which the arm was performing underwater strokes, were used. The objective function was the swimming speed. Three constraint conditions including the maximum joint torque characteristics were imposed on the optimizing calculation. The swimming motion of an actual swimmer with hemiplegia was measured and put into the simulation as the original motion. In the simulation, significant increase in the swimming speed was obtained in the case of the optimized stroke with the actual swimmer's wrist motion at the slower stroke cycle. From the comparison between the optimized stroke and the actual swimmer's stroke, several differences were found as follows. First, at the entry phase in the fastest optimized stroke, the left elbow was more extended than the actual swimmer's stroke. Second, at the catch phase in the fastest optimized stroke, the forearm in the side view was more tilted with respect to the vertical line, while that in the actual swimmer was almost vertical. Third, at the pull and finish phases in the optimized stroke, the hand pushed the water sufficiently to the end, while that in the actual swimmer went out from the water earlier. Overall, it was found that the optimized stroke effectively utilized the joint torque at the shoulder and elbow to the maximum extent, by selecting the more natural positions and the slower stroke cycle.Motomu NAKASHIMAChie NEMOTOTaichi KISHIMOTOMasahiro TERADAYasushi IKUTAThe Japan Society of Mechanical Engineersarticleswimmingoptimizationfreestylehemiplegiaphysical disabilitysports engineeringMechanical engineering and machineryTJ1-1570ENMechanical Engineering Journal, Vol 5, Iss 1, Pp 17-00377-17-00377 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	swimming optimization freestyle hemiplegia physical disability sports engineering Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570
spellingShingle	swimming optimization freestyle hemiplegia physical disability sports engineering Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570 Motomu NAKASHIMA Chie NEMOTO Taichi KISHIMOTO Masahiro TERADA Yasushi IKUTA Optimizing simulation of arm stroke in freestyle for swimmers with hemiplegia
description	The objective of this study was to solve the theoretically ideal arm stroke for a swimmer with hemiplegia by using the optimizing simulation. The method of optimizing simulation for non-disabled swimmers was extended to a swimmer with hemiplegia. In order to evaluate the arm strokes in the optimizing calculation, the swimming human simulation model SWUM was employed. As the design variables, the joint angles in the three time frames, in which the arm was performing underwater strokes, were used. The objective function was the swimming speed. Three constraint conditions including the maximum joint torque characteristics were imposed on the optimizing calculation. The swimming motion of an actual swimmer with hemiplegia was measured and put into the simulation as the original motion. In the simulation, significant increase in the swimming speed was obtained in the case of the optimized stroke with the actual swimmer's wrist motion at the slower stroke cycle. From the comparison between the optimized stroke and the actual swimmer's stroke, several differences were found as follows. First, at the entry phase in the fastest optimized stroke, the left elbow was more extended than the actual swimmer's stroke. Second, at the catch phase in the fastest optimized stroke, the forearm in the side view was more tilted with respect to the vertical line, while that in the actual swimmer was almost vertical. Third, at the pull and finish phases in the optimized stroke, the hand pushed the water sufficiently to the end, while that in the actual swimmer went out from the water earlier. Overall, it was found that the optimized stroke effectively utilized the joint torque at the shoulder and elbow to the maximum extent, by selecting the more natural positions and the slower stroke cycle.
format	article
author	Motomu NAKASHIMA Chie NEMOTO Taichi KISHIMOTO Masahiro TERADA Yasushi IKUTA
author_facet	Motomu NAKASHIMA Chie NEMOTO Taichi KISHIMOTO Masahiro TERADA Yasushi IKUTA
author_sort	Motomu NAKASHIMA
title	Optimizing simulation of arm stroke in freestyle for swimmers with hemiplegia
title_short	Optimizing simulation of arm stroke in freestyle for swimmers with hemiplegia
title_full	Optimizing simulation of arm stroke in freestyle for swimmers with hemiplegia
title_fullStr	Optimizing simulation of arm stroke in freestyle for swimmers with hemiplegia
title_full_unstemmed	Optimizing simulation of arm stroke in freestyle for swimmers with hemiplegia
title_sort	optimizing simulation of arm stroke in freestyle for swimmers with hemiplegia
publisher	The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/7691c8f24b374a0883efc5a1744b43f5
work_keys_str_mv	AT motomunakashima optimizingsimulationofarmstrokeinfreestyleforswimmerswithhemiplegia AT chienemoto optimizingsimulationofarmstrokeinfreestyleforswimmerswithhemiplegia AT taichikishimoto optimizingsimulationofarmstrokeinfreestyleforswimmerswithhemiplegia AT masahiroterada optimizingsimulationofarmstrokeinfreestyleforswimmerswithhemiplegia AT yasushiikuta optimizingsimulationofarmstrokeinfreestyleforswimmerswithhemiplegia
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Optimizing simulation of arm stroke in freestyle for swimmers with hemiplegia

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