Novel microbiome dominated by Arcobacter during anoxic excurrent flow from an ocean blue hole in Andros Island, The Bahamas.

Andros Island, The Bahamas, composed of porous carbonate rock, has about 175 inland blue holes and over 50 known submerged ocean caves along its eastern barrier reef. These ocean blue holes can have both vertical and horizontal zones that penetrate under the island. Tidal forces drive water flow in...

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Autores principales:	Deborah D Iwanowicz, Robert B Jonas, William B Schill, Kay Marano-Briggs
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/76cba0477ec0476a9fdd9191a1deb77c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:76cba0477ec0476a9fdd9191a1deb77c2021-12-02T20:17:45ZNovel microbiome dominated by Arcobacter during anoxic excurrent flow from an ocean blue hole in Andros Island, The Bahamas.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0256305https://doaj.org/article/76cba0477ec0476a9fdd9191a1deb77c2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256305https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Andros Island, The Bahamas, composed of porous carbonate rock, has about 175 inland blue holes and over 50 known submerged ocean caves along its eastern barrier reef. These ocean blue holes can have both vertical and horizontal zones that penetrate under the island. Tidal forces drive water flow in and out of these caves. King Kong Cavern has a vertical collapse zone and a deep penetration under Andros Island that emits sulfidic, anoxic water and masses of thin, mucoid filaments ranging to meters in length and off-white turbid water during ebb flow. Our objective was to determine the microbial composition of this mucoid material and the unconsolidated water column turbidity based on the concept that they represent unique lithoautotrophic microbial material swept from the cave into the surrounding ocean. Bacterial DNA extracted from these filaments and surrounding turbid water was characterized using PCR that targeted a portion of the 16S rRNA gene. The genus Arcobacter dominated both the filaments and the water column above the cave entrance. Arcobacter nitrofigilis and Arcobacter sp. UDC415 in the mucoid filaments accounted for as much as 80% of mapped DNA reads. In the water column Arcobacter comprised from 65% to over 85% of the reads in the depth region from about 18 m to 34 m. Bacterial species diversity was much higher in surface water and in water deeper than 36 m than in the intermediate zone. Community composition indicates that ebb flow from the cavern influences the entire water column at least to within 6 m of the surface and perhaps the near surface as well.Deborah D IwanowiczRobert B JonasWilliam B SchillKay Marano-BriggsPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e0256305 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Deborah D Iwanowicz Robert B Jonas William B Schill Kay Marano-Briggs Novel microbiome dominated by Arcobacter during anoxic excurrent flow from an ocean blue hole in Andros Island, The Bahamas.
description	Andros Island, The Bahamas, composed of porous carbonate rock, has about 175 inland blue holes and over 50 known submerged ocean caves along its eastern barrier reef. These ocean blue holes can have both vertical and horizontal zones that penetrate under the island. Tidal forces drive water flow in and out of these caves. King Kong Cavern has a vertical collapse zone and a deep penetration under Andros Island that emits sulfidic, anoxic water and masses of thin, mucoid filaments ranging to meters in length and off-white turbid water during ebb flow. Our objective was to determine the microbial composition of this mucoid material and the unconsolidated water column turbidity based on the concept that they represent unique lithoautotrophic microbial material swept from the cave into the surrounding ocean. Bacterial DNA extracted from these filaments and surrounding turbid water was characterized using PCR that targeted a portion of the 16S rRNA gene. The genus Arcobacter dominated both the filaments and the water column above the cave entrance. Arcobacter nitrofigilis and Arcobacter sp. UDC415 in the mucoid filaments accounted for as much as 80% of mapped DNA reads. In the water column Arcobacter comprised from 65% to over 85% of the reads in the depth region from about 18 m to 34 m. Bacterial species diversity was much higher in surface water and in water deeper than 36 m than in the intermediate zone. Community composition indicates that ebb flow from the cavern influences the entire water column at least to within 6 m of the surface and perhaps the near surface as well.
format	article
author	Deborah D Iwanowicz Robert B Jonas William B Schill Kay Marano-Briggs
author_facet	Deborah D Iwanowicz Robert B Jonas William B Schill Kay Marano-Briggs
author_sort	Deborah D Iwanowicz
title	Novel microbiome dominated by Arcobacter during anoxic excurrent flow from an ocean blue hole in Andros Island, The Bahamas.
title_short	Novel microbiome dominated by Arcobacter during anoxic excurrent flow from an ocean blue hole in Andros Island, The Bahamas.
title_full	Novel microbiome dominated by Arcobacter during anoxic excurrent flow from an ocean blue hole in Andros Island, The Bahamas.
title_fullStr	Novel microbiome dominated by Arcobacter during anoxic excurrent flow from an ocean blue hole in Andros Island, The Bahamas.
title_full_unstemmed	Novel microbiome dominated by Arcobacter during anoxic excurrent flow from an ocean blue hole in Andros Island, The Bahamas.
title_sort	novel microbiome dominated by arcobacter during anoxic excurrent flow from an ocean blue hole in andros island, the bahamas.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/76cba0477ec0476a9fdd9191a1deb77c
work_keys_str_mv	AT deborahdiwanowicz novelmicrobiomedominatedbyarcobacterduringanoxicexcurrentflowfromanoceanblueholeinandrosislandthebahamas AT robertbjonas novelmicrobiomedominatedbyarcobacterduringanoxicexcurrentflowfromanoceanblueholeinandrosislandthebahamas AT williambschill novelmicrobiomedominatedbyarcobacterduringanoxicexcurrentflowfromanoceanblueholeinandrosislandthebahamas AT kaymaranobriggs novelmicrobiomedominatedbyarcobacterduringanoxicexcurrentflowfromanoceanblueholeinandrosislandthebahamas
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Novel microbiome dominated by Arcobacter during anoxic excurrent flow from an ocean blue hole in Andros Island, The Bahamas.

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