Microplastics increase susceptibility of amphibian larvae to the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis

Abstract Microplastics (MPs), a new class of pollutants that pose a threat to aquatic biodiversity, are of increasing global concern. In tandem, the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) causing the disease chytridiomycosis is emerging worldwide as a major stressor to amphibia...

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Autores principales:	Jaime Bosch, Barbora Thumsová, Naiara López-Rojo, Javier Pérez, Alberto Alonso, Matthew C. Fisher, Luz Boyero
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/76f3145d6e6249c78475d8b2226b6c6c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:76f3145d6e6249c78475d8b2226b6c6c2021-11-21T12:20:21ZMicroplastics increase susceptibility of amphibian larvae to the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis10.1038/s41598-021-01973-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/76f3145d6e6249c78475d8b2226b6c6c2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01973-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Microplastics (MPs), a new class of pollutants that pose a threat to aquatic biodiversity, are of increasing global concern. In tandem, the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) causing the disease chytridiomycosis is emerging worldwide as a major stressor to amphibians. We here assess whether synergies exist between this infectious disease and MP pollution by mimicking natural contact of a highly susceptible species (midwife toads, Alytes obstetricans) with a Bd-infected reservoir species (fire salamanders, Salamandra salamandra) in the presence and absence of MPs. We found that MP ingestion increases the burden of infection by Bd in a dose-dependent manner. However, MPs accumulated to a greater extent in amphibians that were not exposed to Bd, likely due to Bd-damaged tadpole mouthparts interfering with MP ingestion. Our experimental approach showed compelling interactions between two emergent processes, chytridiomycosis and MP pollution, necessitating further research into potential synergies between these biotic and abiotic threats to amphibians.Jaime BoschBarbora ThumsováNaiara López-RojoJavier PérezAlberto AlonsoMatthew C. FisherLuz BoyeroNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jaime Bosch Barbora Thumsová Naiara López-Rojo Javier Pérez Alberto Alonso Matthew C. Fisher Luz Boyero Microplastics increase susceptibility of amphibian larvae to the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
description	Abstract Microplastics (MPs), a new class of pollutants that pose a threat to aquatic biodiversity, are of increasing global concern. In tandem, the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) causing the disease chytridiomycosis is emerging worldwide as a major stressor to amphibians. We here assess whether synergies exist between this infectious disease and MP pollution by mimicking natural contact of a highly susceptible species (midwife toads, Alytes obstetricans) with a Bd-infected reservoir species (fire salamanders, Salamandra salamandra) in the presence and absence of MPs. We found that MP ingestion increases the burden of infection by Bd in a dose-dependent manner. However, MPs accumulated to a greater extent in amphibians that were not exposed to Bd, likely due to Bd-damaged tadpole mouthparts interfering with MP ingestion. Our experimental approach showed compelling interactions between two emergent processes, chytridiomycosis and MP pollution, necessitating further research into potential synergies between these biotic and abiotic threats to amphibians.
format	article
author	Jaime Bosch Barbora Thumsová Naiara López-Rojo Javier Pérez Alberto Alonso Matthew C. Fisher Luz Boyero
author_facet	Jaime Bosch Barbora Thumsová Naiara López-Rojo Javier Pérez Alberto Alonso Matthew C. Fisher Luz Boyero
author_sort	Jaime Bosch
title	Microplastics increase susceptibility of amphibian larvae to the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
title_short	Microplastics increase susceptibility of amphibian larvae to the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
title_full	Microplastics increase susceptibility of amphibian larvae to the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
title_fullStr	Microplastics increase susceptibility of amphibian larvae to the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
title_full_unstemmed	Microplastics increase susceptibility of amphibian larvae to the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
title_sort	microplastics increase susceptibility of amphibian larvae to the chytrid fungus batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/76f3145d6e6249c78475d8b2226b6c6c
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Microplastics increase susceptibility of amphibian larvae to the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis

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