Reduction of dopant ions and enhancement of magnetic properties by UV irradiation in Ce-doped TiO2

Abstract We report the experimental observation of and theoretical explanation for the reduction of dopant ions and enhancement of magnetic properties in Ce-doped TiO2 diluted magnetic semiconductors from UV-light irradiation. Substantial increase in Ce3+ concentration and creation of oxygen vacancy...

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Autores principales:	Tai-Sing Wu, Leng-You Syu, Bi-Hsuan Lin, Shih-Chang Weng, Horng-Tay Jeng, Yu-Shan Huang, Yun-Liang Soo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/770771dd32a0477cbc2f6a39d3553f86
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:770771dd32a0477cbc2f6a39d3553f862021-12-02T14:21:11ZReduction of dopant ions and enhancement of magnetic properties by UV irradiation in Ce-doped TiO210.1038/s41598-021-87115-z2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/770771dd32a0477cbc2f6a39d3553f862021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87115-zhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract We report the experimental observation of and theoretical explanation for the reduction of dopant ions and enhancement of magnetic properties in Ce-doped TiO2 diluted magnetic semiconductors from UV-light irradiation. Substantial increase in Ce3+ concentration and creation of oxygen vacancy defects in the sample due to UV-light irradiation was observed by X-ray and optical methods. Magnetic measurements demonstrate a combination of paramagnetism and ferromagnetism up to room temperatures in all samples. The magnetization of both paramagnetic and ferromagnetic components was observed to be dramatically enhanced in the irradiated sample. First-principle theoretical calculations show that valence holes created by UV irradiation can substantially lower the formation energy of oxygen vacancies. While the electron spin densities for defect states near oxygen vacancies in pure TiO2 are in antiferromagnetic orientation, they are in ferromagnetic orientations in Ce-doped TiO2. Therefore, the ferromagnetically-oriented spin densities near oxygen vacancies created by UV irradiation are the most probable cause for the experimentally observed enhancement of magnetism in the irradiated Ce-doped TiO2.Tai-Sing WuLeng-You SyuBi-Hsuan LinShih-Chang WengHorng-Tay JengYu-Shan HuangYun-Liang SooNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Tai-Sing Wu Leng-You Syu Bi-Hsuan Lin Shih-Chang Weng Horng-Tay Jeng Yu-Shan Huang Yun-Liang Soo Reduction of dopant ions and enhancement of magnetic properties by UV irradiation in Ce-doped TiO2
description	Abstract We report the experimental observation of and theoretical explanation for the reduction of dopant ions and enhancement of magnetic properties in Ce-doped TiO2 diluted magnetic semiconductors from UV-light irradiation. Substantial increase in Ce3+ concentration and creation of oxygen vacancy defects in the sample due to UV-light irradiation was observed by X-ray and optical methods. Magnetic measurements demonstrate a combination of paramagnetism and ferromagnetism up to room temperatures in all samples. The magnetization of both paramagnetic and ferromagnetic components was observed to be dramatically enhanced in the irradiated sample. First-principle theoretical calculations show that valence holes created by UV irradiation can substantially lower the formation energy of oxygen vacancies. While the electron spin densities for defect states near oxygen vacancies in pure TiO2 are in antiferromagnetic orientation, they are in ferromagnetic orientations in Ce-doped TiO2. Therefore, the ferromagnetically-oriented spin densities near oxygen vacancies created by UV irradiation are the most probable cause for the experimentally observed enhancement of magnetism in the irradiated Ce-doped TiO2.
format	article
author	Tai-Sing Wu Leng-You Syu Bi-Hsuan Lin Shih-Chang Weng Horng-Tay Jeng Yu-Shan Huang Yun-Liang Soo
author_facet	Tai-Sing Wu Leng-You Syu Bi-Hsuan Lin Shih-Chang Weng Horng-Tay Jeng Yu-Shan Huang Yun-Liang Soo
author_sort	Tai-Sing Wu
title	Reduction of dopant ions and enhancement of magnetic properties by UV irradiation in Ce-doped TiO2
title_short	Reduction of dopant ions and enhancement of magnetic properties by UV irradiation in Ce-doped TiO2
title_full	Reduction of dopant ions and enhancement of magnetic properties by UV irradiation in Ce-doped TiO2
title_fullStr	Reduction of dopant ions and enhancement of magnetic properties by UV irradiation in Ce-doped TiO2
title_full_unstemmed	Reduction of dopant ions and enhancement of magnetic properties by UV irradiation in Ce-doped TiO2
title_sort	reduction of dopant ions and enhancement of magnetic properties by uv irradiation in ce-doped tio2
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/770771dd32a0477cbc2f6a39d3553f86
work_keys_str_mv	AT taisingwu reductionofdopantionsandenhancementofmagneticpropertiesbyuvirradiationincedopedtio2 AT lengyousyu reductionofdopantionsandenhancementofmagneticpropertiesbyuvirradiationincedopedtio2 AT bihsuanlin reductionofdopantionsandenhancementofmagneticpropertiesbyuvirradiationincedopedtio2 AT shihchangweng reductionofdopantionsandenhancementofmagneticpropertiesbyuvirradiationincedopedtio2 AT horngtayjeng reductionofdopantionsandenhancementofmagneticpropertiesbyuvirradiationincedopedtio2 AT yushanhuang reductionofdopantionsandenhancementofmagneticpropertiesbyuvirradiationincedopedtio2 AT yunliangsoo reductionofdopantionsandenhancementofmagneticpropertiesbyuvirradiationincedopedtio2
_version_	1718391557077336064

Reduction of dopant ions and enhancement of magnetic properties by UV irradiation in Ce-doped TiO2

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