Maternal care in the parasitoid Sclerodermus harmandi (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae).

Guarding behavior is an important activity in sub-social insects, and this behavior is believed to improve the survival of offspring. Sclerodermus harmandi (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) is one of most powerful epizoic parasitoid wasps, and it parasitizes Monochamus alternatus, a borer of wood and also t...

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Autores principales:	Zhenjie Hu, Xingli Zhao, Yisong Li, Xiaoxia Liu, Qingwen Zhang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/770cf1dc3bc545d8b7c478a4add40df0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:770cf1dc3bc545d8b7c478a4add40df02021-11-18T08:05:08ZMaternal care in the parasitoid Sclerodermus harmandi (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae).1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0051246https://doaj.org/article/770cf1dc3bc545d8b7c478a4add40df02012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23251468/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Guarding behavior is an important activity in sub-social insects, and this behavior is believed to improve the survival of offspring. Sclerodermus harmandi (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) is one of most powerful epizoic parasitoid wasps, and it parasitizes Monochamus alternatus, a borer of wood and also the primary vector of the pinewood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. After laying eggs, S. harmandi exhibits sub-social behavior involving the female tending the clutch of eggs until emergence (guarding behavior). In this study, the benefits of this maternal care with regard to improvements in the survival of offspring were examined. During the developmental stages, only offspring in the egg and larval stages were sensitive to guarding behavior. A positive relationship between the survival of the offspring and the duration of guarding was detected with logistic regression analysis. A female replacement experiment demonstrated that multiparous S. harmandi stepmothers showed guarding behavior and that this behavior improved the survival of the immature offspring, whereas nulliparous stepmothers failed to exhibit the guarding behavior. These results indicate that S. harmandi females display maternal care and that this behavior improves the survival of offspring.Zhenjie HuXingli ZhaoYisong LiXiaoxia LiuQingwen ZhangPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 12, p e51246 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Zhenjie Hu Xingli Zhao Yisong Li Xiaoxia Liu Qingwen Zhang Maternal care in the parasitoid Sclerodermus harmandi (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae).
description	Guarding behavior is an important activity in sub-social insects, and this behavior is believed to improve the survival of offspring. Sclerodermus harmandi (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) is one of most powerful epizoic parasitoid wasps, and it parasitizes Monochamus alternatus, a borer of wood and also the primary vector of the pinewood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. After laying eggs, S. harmandi exhibits sub-social behavior involving the female tending the clutch of eggs until emergence (guarding behavior). In this study, the benefits of this maternal care with regard to improvements in the survival of offspring were examined. During the developmental stages, only offspring in the egg and larval stages were sensitive to guarding behavior. A positive relationship between the survival of the offspring and the duration of guarding was detected with logistic regression analysis. A female replacement experiment demonstrated that multiparous S. harmandi stepmothers showed guarding behavior and that this behavior improved the survival of the immature offspring, whereas nulliparous stepmothers failed to exhibit the guarding behavior. These results indicate that S. harmandi females display maternal care and that this behavior improves the survival of offspring.
format	article
author	Zhenjie Hu Xingli Zhao Yisong Li Xiaoxia Liu Qingwen Zhang
author_facet	Zhenjie Hu Xingli Zhao Yisong Li Xiaoxia Liu Qingwen Zhang
author_sort	Zhenjie Hu
title	Maternal care in the parasitoid Sclerodermus harmandi (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae).
title_short	Maternal care in the parasitoid Sclerodermus harmandi (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae).
title_full	Maternal care in the parasitoid Sclerodermus harmandi (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae).
title_fullStr	Maternal care in the parasitoid Sclerodermus harmandi (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae).
title_full_unstemmed	Maternal care in the parasitoid Sclerodermus harmandi (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae).
title_sort	maternal care in the parasitoid sclerodermus harmandi (hymenoptera: bethylidae).
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/770cf1dc3bc545d8b7c478a4add40df0
work_keys_str_mv	AT zhenjiehu maternalcareintheparasitoidsclerodermusharmandihymenopterabethylidae AT xinglizhao maternalcareintheparasitoidsclerodermusharmandihymenopterabethylidae AT yisongli maternalcareintheparasitoidsclerodermusharmandihymenopterabethylidae AT xiaoxialiu maternalcareintheparasitoidsclerodermusharmandihymenopterabethylidae AT qingwenzhang maternalcareintheparasitoidsclerodermusharmandihymenopterabethylidae
_version_	1718422235246493696

Maternal care in the parasitoid Sclerodermus harmandi (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae).

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