Suppressing the encoding of new information in memory: a behavioral study derived from principles of hippocampal function.

Cognitive processes do not occur in isolation. Interactions between cognitive processes can be observed as a cost in performance following a switch between tasks, a cost that is greatest when the cognitive requirements of the sequential tasks compete. Interestingly, the long-term mnemonic goals asso...

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Autores principales:	Sinéad L Mullally, Shane M O'Mara
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/771107d258be44ad818dd695d8dc9e4d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:771107d258be44ad818dd695d8dc9e4d2021-11-18T08:01:20ZSuppressing the encoding of new information in memory: a behavioral study derived from principles of hippocampal function.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0050814https://doaj.org/article/771107d258be44ad818dd695d8dc9e4d2013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23341876/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Cognitive processes do not occur in isolation. Interactions between cognitive processes can be observed as a cost in performance following a switch between tasks, a cost that is greatest when the cognitive requirements of the sequential tasks compete. Interestingly, the long-term mnemonic goals associated with specific cognitive tasks can also directly compete. For example, encoding the sequential order in which stimuli are presented in the commonly-utilised 2-Back working memory (WM) tasks is counter-productive to task performance, as this task requires the continual updating of the contents of one's current mental set. Performance of this task consistently results in reduced activity within the medial temporal lobe (MTL), and this response is believed to reflect the inhibitory mnemonic component of the task. Conversely, there are numerous cognitive paradigms in which participants are explicitly instructed to encode incoming information and performance of these tasks reliably increases MTL activity. Here, we explore the behavioural cost of sequentially performing two tasks with conflicting long-term mnemonic goals and contrasting neural profiles within the MTL. We hypothesised that performing the 2-Back WM prior to a hippocampal-dependent memory task would impair performance on the latter task. We found that participants who performed the 2-Back WM task, prior to the encoding of novel verbal/face-name stimuli, recollected significantly fewer of these stimuli, compared to those who had performed a 0-Back control task. Memory processes believed to be independent of the MTL were unaffected. Our results suggest that the inhibition of MTL-dependent mnemonic function persists beyond the cessation of the 2-Back WM task and can alter performance on entirely separate and subsequently performed memory tasks. Furthermore, they indicate that performance of such tasks may induce a temporarily-sustained, virtual lesion of the hippocampus, which could be used as a probe to explore cognitive processes in the absence of hippocampal involvement.Sinéad L MullallyShane M O'MaraPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 1, p e50814 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Sinéad L Mullally Shane M O'Mara Suppressing the encoding of new information in memory: a behavioral study derived from principles of hippocampal function.
description	Cognitive processes do not occur in isolation. Interactions between cognitive processes can be observed as a cost in performance following a switch between tasks, a cost that is greatest when the cognitive requirements of the sequential tasks compete. Interestingly, the long-term mnemonic goals associated with specific cognitive tasks can also directly compete. For example, encoding the sequential order in which stimuli are presented in the commonly-utilised 2-Back working memory (WM) tasks is counter-productive to task performance, as this task requires the continual updating of the contents of one's current mental set. Performance of this task consistently results in reduced activity within the medial temporal lobe (MTL), and this response is believed to reflect the inhibitory mnemonic component of the task. Conversely, there are numerous cognitive paradigms in which participants are explicitly instructed to encode incoming information and performance of these tasks reliably increases MTL activity. Here, we explore the behavioural cost of sequentially performing two tasks with conflicting long-term mnemonic goals and contrasting neural profiles within the MTL. We hypothesised that performing the 2-Back WM prior to a hippocampal-dependent memory task would impair performance on the latter task. We found that participants who performed the 2-Back WM task, prior to the encoding of novel verbal/face-name stimuli, recollected significantly fewer of these stimuli, compared to those who had performed a 0-Back control task. Memory processes believed to be independent of the MTL were unaffected. Our results suggest that the inhibition of MTL-dependent mnemonic function persists beyond the cessation of the 2-Back WM task and can alter performance on entirely separate and subsequently performed memory tasks. Furthermore, they indicate that performance of such tasks may induce a temporarily-sustained, virtual lesion of the hippocampus, which could be used as a probe to explore cognitive processes in the absence of hippocampal involvement.
format	article
author	Sinéad L Mullally Shane M O'Mara
author_facet	Sinéad L Mullally Shane M O'Mara
author_sort	Sinéad L Mullally
title	Suppressing the encoding of new information in memory: a behavioral study derived from principles of hippocampal function.
title_short	Suppressing the encoding of new information in memory: a behavioral study derived from principles of hippocampal function.
title_full	Suppressing the encoding of new information in memory: a behavioral study derived from principles of hippocampal function.
title_fullStr	Suppressing the encoding of new information in memory: a behavioral study derived from principles of hippocampal function.
title_full_unstemmed	Suppressing the encoding of new information in memory: a behavioral study derived from principles of hippocampal function.
title_sort	suppressing the encoding of new information in memory: a behavioral study derived from principles of hippocampal function.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/771107d258be44ad818dd695d8dc9e4d
work_keys_str_mv	AT sineadlmullally suppressingtheencodingofnewinformationinmemoryabehavioralstudyderivedfromprinciplesofhippocampalfunction AT shanemomara suppressingtheencodingofnewinformationinmemoryabehavioralstudyderivedfromprinciplesofhippocampalfunction
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Suppressing the encoding of new information in memory: a behavioral study derived from principles of hippocampal function.

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