Coincidental loss of bacterial virulence in multi-enemy microbial communities.

The coincidental virulence evolution hypothesis suggests that outside-host selection, such as predation, parasitism and resource competition can indirectly affect the virulence of environmentally-growing bacterial pathogens. While there are some examples of coincidental environmental selection for v...

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Autores principales:	Ji Zhang, Tarmo Ketola, Anni-Maria Örmälä-Odegrip, Johanna Mappes, Jouni Laakso
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7736712d9c33449ca222ab9b3f5e8f15
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7736712d9c33449ca222ab9b3f5e8f152021-11-25T05:54:46ZCoincidental loss of bacterial virulence in multi-enemy microbial communities.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0111871https://doaj.org/article/7736712d9c33449ca222ab9b3f5e8f152014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0111871https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The coincidental virulence evolution hypothesis suggests that outside-host selection, such as predation, parasitism and resource competition can indirectly affect the virulence of environmentally-growing bacterial pathogens. While there are some examples of coincidental environmental selection for virulence, it is also possible that the resource acquisition and enemy defence is selecting against it. To test these ideas we conducted an evolutionary experiment by exposing the opportunistic pathogen bacterium Serratia marcescens to the particle-feeding ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila, the surface-feeding amoeba Acanthamoeba castellanii, and the lytic bacteriophage Semad11, in all possible combinations in a simulated pond water environment. After 8 weeks the virulence of the 384 evolved clones were quantified with fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster oral infection model, and several other life-history traits were measured. We found that in comparison to ancestor bacteria, evolutionary treatments reduced the virulence in most of the treatments, but this reduction was not clearly related to any changes in other life-history traits. This suggests that virulence traits do not evolve in close relation with these life-history traits, or that different traits might link to virulence in different selective environments, for example via resource allocation trade-offs.Ji ZhangTarmo KetolaAnni-Maria Örmälä-OdegripJohanna MappesJouni LaaksoPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 11, p e111871 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ji Zhang Tarmo Ketola Anni-Maria Örmälä-Odegrip Johanna Mappes Jouni Laakso Coincidental loss of bacterial virulence in multi-enemy microbial communities.
description	The coincidental virulence evolution hypothesis suggests that outside-host selection, such as predation, parasitism and resource competition can indirectly affect the virulence of environmentally-growing bacterial pathogens. While there are some examples of coincidental environmental selection for virulence, it is also possible that the resource acquisition and enemy defence is selecting against it. To test these ideas we conducted an evolutionary experiment by exposing the opportunistic pathogen bacterium Serratia marcescens to the particle-feeding ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila, the surface-feeding amoeba Acanthamoeba castellanii, and the lytic bacteriophage Semad11, in all possible combinations in a simulated pond water environment. After 8 weeks the virulence of the 384 evolved clones were quantified with fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster oral infection model, and several other life-history traits were measured. We found that in comparison to ancestor bacteria, evolutionary treatments reduced the virulence in most of the treatments, but this reduction was not clearly related to any changes in other life-history traits. This suggests that virulence traits do not evolve in close relation with these life-history traits, or that different traits might link to virulence in different selective environments, for example via resource allocation trade-offs.
format	article
author	Ji Zhang Tarmo Ketola Anni-Maria Örmälä-Odegrip Johanna Mappes Jouni Laakso
author_facet	Ji Zhang Tarmo Ketola Anni-Maria Örmälä-Odegrip Johanna Mappes Jouni Laakso
author_sort	Ji Zhang
title	Coincidental loss of bacterial virulence in multi-enemy microbial communities.
title_short	Coincidental loss of bacterial virulence in multi-enemy microbial communities.
title_full	Coincidental loss of bacterial virulence in multi-enemy microbial communities.
title_fullStr	Coincidental loss of bacterial virulence in multi-enemy microbial communities.
title_full_unstemmed	Coincidental loss of bacterial virulence in multi-enemy microbial communities.
title_sort	coincidental loss of bacterial virulence in multi-enemy microbial communities.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/7736712d9c33449ca222ab9b3f5e8f15
work_keys_str_mv	AT jizhang coincidentallossofbacterialvirulenceinmultienemymicrobialcommunities AT tarmoketola coincidentallossofbacterialvirulenceinmultienemymicrobialcommunities AT annimariaormalaodegrip coincidentallossofbacterialvirulenceinmultienemymicrobialcommunities AT johannamappes coincidentallossofbacterialvirulenceinmultienemymicrobialcommunities AT jounilaakso coincidentallossofbacterialvirulenceinmultienemymicrobialcommunities
_version_	1718414408868167680

Coincidental loss of bacterial virulence in multi-enemy microbial communities.

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