Uncovering Bupi Yishen Formula Pharmacological Mechanisms Against Chronic Kidney Disease by Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a leading public health problem with high morbidity and mortality, but the therapies remain limited. Bupi Yishen Formula (BYF) - a patent traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula - has been proved to be effective for CKD treatment in a high-quality clinical trial. H...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:
Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Difei Zhang, Bingran Liu, Xina Jie, Jiankun Deng, Zhaoyu Lu, Fuhua Lu, Xusheng Liu
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/7799d63a89b34a9a8583509f6147c911
Etiquetas: Agregar Etiqueta
Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!
id oai:doaj.org-article:7799d63a89b34a9a8583509f6147c911
record_format dspace
spelling oai:doaj.org-article:7799d63a89b34a9a8583509f6147c9112021-11-15T04:59:14ZUncovering Bupi Yishen Formula Pharmacological Mechanisms Against Chronic Kidney Disease by Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation1663-981210.3389/fphar.2021.761572https://doaj.org/article/7799d63a89b34a9a8583509f6147c9112021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.761572/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1663-9812Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a leading public health problem with high morbidity and mortality, but the therapies remain limited. Bupi Yishen Formula (BYF) - a patent traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula - has been proved to be effective for CKD treatment in a high-quality clinical trial. However, BYF’s underlying mechanism is unclear. Thus, we aimed to reveal BYF pharmacological mechanism against CKD by network pharmacology and experimental studies. Network pharmacology-based analysis of the drug-compound-target interaction was used to predict the potential pharmacological mechanism and biological basis of BYF. We performed a comprehensive study by detecting the expression levels of fibrotic and inflammatory markers and main molecules of candidate signal pathway in adenine-induced CKD rats and TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells with the treatment of BYF by western blotting and RT-qPCR analyses. Using small interfering RNA, we assessed the effect of BYF on the TLR4-mediated NF-κB mechanism for CKD renal fibrosis and inflammation. Network pharmacology analysis results identified 369 common targets from BYF and CKD. Based on these common targets, the BYF intervention pathway was analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. We found that Toll-like receptor (TLR) and NF-κB signaling pathways were enriched. Then, we demonstrated that BYF significantly improved the adenine-induced CKD rat model condition by kidney dysfunction improvement and reversing renal fibrosis and inflammation. Subsequently, we investigated BYF’s effect on the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. We found that TLR4 and phospho-NF-κB (p-p65 and p-IKβα) expression was significantly upregulated in adenine-induced CKD rats, then partially downregulated by BYF. Furthermore, BYF inhibited fibrotic and inflammatory responses, as well as TLR4, p-p65, and p-IKβα in TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells. Additionally, the BYF inhibitory effect on fibrosis and inflammation, and NF-κB pathway activation were significantly reduced in TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells transfected with TLR4 siRNA. Altogether, these findings demonstrated that the suppression of TLR4-mediated NF-κB signaling was an important anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory mechanism for BYF against CKD. It also provided a molecular basis for new CKD treatment drug candidates.Difei ZhangDifei ZhangBingran LiuXina JieXina JieJiankun DengZhaoyu LuZhaoyu LuFuhua LuFuhua LuXusheng LiuXusheng LiuFrontiers Media S.A.articletraditional Chinese medicinebupi yishen formulachronic kidney diseasenetwork pharmacologyexperimental studyTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENFrontiers in Pharmacology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic traditional Chinese medicine
bupi yishen formula
chronic kidney disease
network pharmacology
experimental study
Therapeutics. Pharmacology
RM1-950
spellingShingle traditional Chinese medicine
bupi yishen formula
chronic kidney disease
network pharmacology
experimental study
Therapeutics. Pharmacology
RM1-950
Difei Zhang
Difei Zhang
Bingran Liu
Xina Jie
Xina Jie
Jiankun Deng
Zhaoyu Lu
Zhaoyu Lu
Fuhua Lu
Fuhua Lu
Xusheng Liu
Xusheng Liu
Uncovering Bupi Yishen Formula Pharmacological Mechanisms Against Chronic Kidney Disease by Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation
description Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a leading public health problem with high morbidity and mortality, but the therapies remain limited. Bupi Yishen Formula (BYF) - a patent traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula - has been proved to be effective for CKD treatment in a high-quality clinical trial. However, BYF’s underlying mechanism is unclear. Thus, we aimed to reveal BYF pharmacological mechanism against CKD by network pharmacology and experimental studies. Network pharmacology-based analysis of the drug-compound-target interaction was used to predict the potential pharmacological mechanism and biological basis of BYF. We performed a comprehensive study by detecting the expression levels of fibrotic and inflammatory markers and main molecules of candidate signal pathway in adenine-induced CKD rats and TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells with the treatment of BYF by western blotting and RT-qPCR analyses. Using small interfering RNA, we assessed the effect of BYF on the TLR4-mediated NF-κB mechanism for CKD renal fibrosis and inflammation. Network pharmacology analysis results identified 369 common targets from BYF and CKD. Based on these common targets, the BYF intervention pathway was analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. We found that Toll-like receptor (TLR) and NF-κB signaling pathways were enriched. Then, we demonstrated that BYF significantly improved the adenine-induced CKD rat model condition by kidney dysfunction improvement and reversing renal fibrosis and inflammation. Subsequently, we investigated BYF’s effect on the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. We found that TLR4 and phospho-NF-κB (p-p65 and p-IKβα) expression was significantly upregulated in adenine-induced CKD rats, then partially downregulated by BYF. Furthermore, BYF inhibited fibrotic and inflammatory responses, as well as TLR4, p-p65, and p-IKβα in TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells. Additionally, the BYF inhibitory effect on fibrosis and inflammation, and NF-κB pathway activation were significantly reduced in TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells transfected with TLR4 siRNA. Altogether, these findings demonstrated that the suppression of TLR4-mediated NF-κB signaling was an important anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory mechanism for BYF against CKD. It also provided a molecular basis for new CKD treatment drug candidates.
format article
author Difei Zhang
Difei Zhang
Bingran Liu
Xina Jie
Xina Jie
Jiankun Deng
Zhaoyu Lu
Zhaoyu Lu
Fuhua Lu
Fuhua Lu
Xusheng Liu
Xusheng Liu
author_facet Difei Zhang
Difei Zhang
Bingran Liu
Xina Jie
Xina Jie
Jiankun Deng
Zhaoyu Lu
Zhaoyu Lu
Fuhua Lu
Fuhua Lu
Xusheng Liu
Xusheng Liu
author_sort Difei Zhang
title Uncovering Bupi Yishen Formula Pharmacological Mechanisms Against Chronic Kidney Disease by Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation
title_short Uncovering Bupi Yishen Formula Pharmacological Mechanisms Against Chronic Kidney Disease by Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation
title_full Uncovering Bupi Yishen Formula Pharmacological Mechanisms Against Chronic Kidney Disease by Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation
title_fullStr Uncovering Bupi Yishen Formula Pharmacological Mechanisms Against Chronic Kidney Disease by Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation
title_full_unstemmed Uncovering Bupi Yishen Formula Pharmacological Mechanisms Against Chronic Kidney Disease by Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation
title_sort uncovering bupi yishen formula pharmacological mechanisms against chronic kidney disease by network pharmacology and experimental validation
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/7799d63a89b34a9a8583509f6147c911
work_keys_str_mv AT difeizhang uncoveringbupiyishenformulapharmacologicalmechanismsagainstchronickidneydiseasebynetworkpharmacologyandexperimentalvalidation
AT difeizhang uncoveringbupiyishenformulapharmacologicalmechanismsagainstchronickidneydiseasebynetworkpharmacologyandexperimentalvalidation
AT bingranliu uncoveringbupiyishenformulapharmacologicalmechanismsagainstchronickidneydiseasebynetworkpharmacologyandexperimentalvalidation
AT xinajie uncoveringbupiyishenformulapharmacologicalmechanismsagainstchronickidneydiseasebynetworkpharmacologyandexperimentalvalidation
AT xinajie uncoveringbupiyishenformulapharmacologicalmechanismsagainstchronickidneydiseasebynetworkpharmacologyandexperimentalvalidation
AT jiankundeng uncoveringbupiyishenformulapharmacologicalmechanismsagainstchronickidneydiseasebynetworkpharmacologyandexperimentalvalidation
AT zhaoyulu uncoveringbupiyishenformulapharmacologicalmechanismsagainstchronickidneydiseasebynetworkpharmacologyandexperimentalvalidation
AT zhaoyulu uncoveringbupiyishenformulapharmacologicalmechanismsagainstchronickidneydiseasebynetworkpharmacologyandexperimentalvalidation
AT fuhualu uncoveringbupiyishenformulapharmacologicalmechanismsagainstchronickidneydiseasebynetworkpharmacologyandexperimentalvalidation
AT fuhualu uncoveringbupiyishenformulapharmacologicalmechanismsagainstchronickidneydiseasebynetworkpharmacologyandexperimentalvalidation
AT xushengliu uncoveringbupiyishenformulapharmacologicalmechanismsagainstchronickidneydiseasebynetworkpharmacologyandexperimentalvalidation
AT xushengliu uncoveringbupiyishenformulapharmacologicalmechanismsagainstchronickidneydiseasebynetworkpharmacologyandexperimentalvalidation
_version_ 1718428813926334464