Neutral Sugar Content and Composition as a Sensitive Indicator of Fire Severity in the Andisols of an <i>Araucaria–Nothofagus</i> Forest in Southern Chile

Wildfire induces soil alterations that have a long-term impact on soil organic matter (SOM) quality. We postulated that after different fire severities, the neutral sugars in soils can be used as an indicator of soil organic matter quality after fire. The aim of this study was to determine the contr...

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Autores principales:	Yessica Rivas, Jorge Retamal-Salgado, Heike Knicker, Francisco Matus, Diego Rivera
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	non-cellulosic carbohydrates <sup>13</sup>C NMR forest fires oPOM fractions Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/77ed044ac20f4796b72ee490c043648a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:77ed044ac20f4796b72ee490c043648a2021-11-11T19:42:45ZNeutral Sugar Content and Composition as a Sensitive Indicator of Fire Severity in the Andisols of an <i>Araucaria–Nothofagus</i> Forest in Southern Chile10.3390/su1321120612071-1050https://doaj.org/article/77ed044ac20f4796b72ee490c043648a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/21/12061https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050Wildfire induces soil alterations that have a long-term impact on soil organic matter (SOM) quality. We postulated that after different fire severities, the neutral sugars in soils can be used as an indicator of soil organic matter quality after fire. The aim of this study was to determine the contribution of neutral sugar, bulk and occluded particulate organic matter (oPOM) affected by wildfire, at different soil depths in an <i>Araucaria–Nothofagus</i> Forest, four years post-after fire. The concentration and composition of the neutral sugars in the soils clearly comprised the major fraction in the unburned soil. Medium- and high-severity fires caused a drastic reduction in soil sugars in the bulk soil as well as in the oPOM fractions. The <sup>13</sup>C-CPMAS NMR spectroscopy analysis revealed a high contribution of recalcitrant carbon to the decomposition such as aryl–C and aryl–O derived from charred material, whereas the abundance of O–alkyl C and alkyl C functional groups were decreased. The neutral sugars (Galactose+Mannose/Xilose+Arabinose) revealed a major microbial origin in fire affected areas as the ratio was >2. Therefore. Therefore, we suggest that the neutral sugar content of soil should be used for monitoring both short- and long-term changes in SOM altered by fires.Yessica RivasJorge Retamal-SalgadoHeike KnickerFrancisco MatusDiego RiveraMDPI AGarticlenon-cellulosic carbohydrates<sup>13</sup>C NMRforest firesoPOM fractionsEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 12061, p 12061 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	non-cellulosic carbohydrates <sup>13</sup>C NMR forest fires oPOM fractions Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	non-cellulosic carbohydrates <sup>13</sup>C NMR forest fires oPOM fractions Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Yessica Rivas Jorge Retamal-Salgado Heike Knicker Francisco Matus Diego Rivera Neutral Sugar Content and Composition as a Sensitive Indicator of Fire Severity in the Andisols of an <i>Araucaria–Nothofagus</i> Forest in Southern Chile
description	Wildfire induces soil alterations that have a long-term impact on soil organic matter (SOM) quality. We postulated that after different fire severities, the neutral sugars in soils can be used as an indicator of soil organic matter quality after fire. The aim of this study was to determine the contribution of neutral sugar, bulk and occluded particulate organic matter (oPOM) affected by wildfire, at different soil depths in an <i>Araucaria–Nothofagus</i> Forest, four years post-after fire. The concentration and composition of the neutral sugars in the soils clearly comprised the major fraction in the unburned soil. Medium- and high-severity fires caused a drastic reduction in soil sugars in the bulk soil as well as in the oPOM fractions. The <sup>13</sup>C-CPMAS NMR spectroscopy analysis revealed a high contribution of recalcitrant carbon to the decomposition such as aryl–C and aryl–O derived from charred material, whereas the abundance of O–alkyl C and alkyl C functional groups were decreased. The neutral sugars (Galactose+Mannose/Xilose+Arabinose) revealed a major microbial origin in fire affected areas as the ratio was >2. Therefore. Therefore, we suggest that the neutral sugar content of soil should be used for monitoring both short- and long-term changes in SOM altered by fires.
format	article
author	Yessica Rivas Jorge Retamal-Salgado Heike Knicker Francisco Matus Diego Rivera
author_facet	Yessica Rivas Jorge Retamal-Salgado Heike Knicker Francisco Matus Diego Rivera
author_sort	Yessica Rivas
title	Neutral Sugar Content and Composition as a Sensitive Indicator of Fire Severity in the Andisols of an <i>Araucaria–Nothofagus</i> Forest in Southern Chile
title_short	Neutral Sugar Content and Composition as a Sensitive Indicator of Fire Severity in the Andisols of an <i>Araucaria–Nothofagus</i> Forest in Southern Chile
title_full	Neutral Sugar Content and Composition as a Sensitive Indicator of Fire Severity in the Andisols of an <i>Araucaria–Nothofagus</i> Forest in Southern Chile
title_fullStr	Neutral Sugar Content and Composition as a Sensitive Indicator of Fire Severity in the Andisols of an <i>Araucaria–Nothofagus</i> Forest in Southern Chile
title_full_unstemmed	Neutral Sugar Content and Composition as a Sensitive Indicator of Fire Severity in the Andisols of an <i>Araucaria–Nothofagus</i> Forest in Southern Chile
title_sort	neutral sugar content and composition as a sensitive indicator of fire severity in the andisols of an <i>araucaria–nothofagus</i> forest in southern chile
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/77ed044ac20f4796b72ee490c043648a
work_keys_str_mv	AT yessicarivas neutralsugarcontentandcompositionasasensitiveindicatoroffireseverityintheandisolsofaniaraucarianothofagusiforestinsouthernchile AT jorgeretamalsalgado neutralsugarcontentandcompositionasasensitiveindicatoroffireseverityintheandisolsofaniaraucarianothofagusiforestinsouthernchile AT heikeknicker neutralsugarcontentandcompositionasasensitiveindicatoroffireseverityintheandisolsofaniaraucarianothofagusiforestinsouthernchile AT franciscomatus neutralsugarcontentandcompositionasasensitiveindicatoroffireseverityintheandisolsofaniaraucarianothofagusiforestinsouthernchile AT diegorivera neutralsugarcontentandcompositionasasensitiveindicatoroffireseverityintheandisolsofaniaraucarianothofagusiforestinsouthernchile
_version_	1718431474683740160

Neutral Sugar Content and Composition as a Sensitive Indicator of Fire Severity in the Andisols of an <i>Araucaria–Nothofagus</i> Forest in Southern Chile

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