Tunable graphene-based hybrid plasmonic modulators for subwavelength confinement

Abstract Electro-optical modulators which work at the near-infrared range are significant for a variety of applications such as communication and sensing. However, currently available approaches result in rather bulky devices which suffer from low integration and can hardly operate at low power cons...

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Autores principales:	Sheng Qu, Congcong Ma, Hongxia Liu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/77f58c50d80c427e8fe8af9d4246883c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:77f58c50d80c427e8fe8af9d4246883c2021-12-02T15:05:37ZTunable graphene-based hybrid plasmonic modulators for subwavelength confinement10.1038/s41598-017-05172-92045-2322https://doaj.org/article/77f58c50d80c427e8fe8af9d4246883c2017-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-05172-9https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Electro-optical modulators which work at the near-infrared range are significant for a variety of applications such as communication and sensing. However, currently available approaches result in rather bulky devices which suffer from low integration and can hardly operate at low power consumption levels. Graphene, an emerging advanced material, has been widely utilized due to its tunability by gating which allows one to realize active optical devices. Plasmonic waveguides, one of the most promising candidates for subwavelength optical confinement, provide a way to manipulate light on scales much smaller than the wavelength. In this paper, we combine the advantages of graphene and plasmonic waveguides and propose a tunable graphene-based hybrid plasmonic modulator (GHPM). Considering several parameters of the GHPM, the modulation depth can reach approximately 0.3 dB·μm−1 at low gating voltages. Moreover, we combine GHPM with metal-insulator-metal (MIM) structure to propose another symmetrical GHPM with a modulation depth of 0.6 dB·μm−1. Our modulators which utilize the light-matter interaction tuned by electro-doped graphene are of great potential for many applications in nanophotonics.Sheng QuCongcong MaHongxia LiuNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Sheng Qu Congcong Ma Hongxia Liu Tunable graphene-based hybrid plasmonic modulators for subwavelength confinement
description	Abstract Electro-optical modulators which work at the near-infrared range are significant for a variety of applications such as communication and sensing. However, currently available approaches result in rather bulky devices which suffer from low integration and can hardly operate at low power consumption levels. Graphene, an emerging advanced material, has been widely utilized due to its tunability by gating which allows one to realize active optical devices. Plasmonic waveguides, one of the most promising candidates for subwavelength optical confinement, provide a way to manipulate light on scales much smaller than the wavelength. In this paper, we combine the advantages of graphene and plasmonic waveguides and propose a tunable graphene-based hybrid plasmonic modulator (GHPM). Considering several parameters of the GHPM, the modulation depth can reach approximately 0.3 dB·μm−1 at low gating voltages. Moreover, we combine GHPM with metal-insulator-metal (MIM) structure to propose another symmetrical GHPM with a modulation depth of 0.6 dB·μm−1. Our modulators which utilize the light-matter interaction tuned by electro-doped graphene are of great potential for many applications in nanophotonics.
format	article
author	Sheng Qu Congcong Ma Hongxia Liu
author_facet	Sheng Qu Congcong Ma Hongxia Liu
author_sort	Sheng Qu
title	Tunable graphene-based hybrid plasmonic modulators for subwavelength confinement
title_short	Tunable graphene-based hybrid plasmonic modulators for subwavelength confinement
title_full	Tunable graphene-based hybrid plasmonic modulators for subwavelength confinement
title_fullStr	Tunable graphene-based hybrid plasmonic modulators for subwavelength confinement
title_full_unstemmed	Tunable graphene-based hybrid plasmonic modulators for subwavelength confinement
title_sort	tunable graphene-based hybrid plasmonic modulators for subwavelength confinement
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/77f58c50d80c427e8fe8af9d4246883c
work_keys_str_mv	AT shengqu tunablegraphenebasedhybridplasmonicmodulatorsforsubwavelengthconfinement AT congcongma tunablegraphenebasedhybridplasmonicmodulatorsforsubwavelengthconfinement AT hongxialiu tunablegraphenebasedhybridplasmonicmodulatorsforsubwavelengthconfinement
_version_	1718388774840303616

Tunable graphene-based hybrid plasmonic modulators for subwavelength confinement

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