A Spatial Analysis of Access to Physical Activity Infrastructure and Healthy Food in Regional Tasmania

Prevalence of physical inactivity and obesity continues to increase in regional areas such as North-West (NW) Tasmania and show no signs of abating. It is possible that limited access to physical activity infrastructure (PAI) and healthier food options are exacerbating the low levels of habitual phy...

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Autores principales:	Sisitha Jayasinghe, Emily J. Flies, Robert Soward, Dave Kendal, Michelle Kilpatrick, Timothy P. Holloway, Kira A. E. Patterson, Kiran D. K. Ahuja, Roger Hughes, Nuala M. Byrne, Andrew P. Hills
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	obesity physical activity food environment spatial analysis regional area NW Tasmania Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/78049306a4cc4f05a2810293766b8064
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:78049306a4cc4f05a2810293766b80642021-12-01T21:37:23ZA Spatial Analysis of Access to Physical Activity Infrastructure and Healthy Food in Regional Tasmania2296-256510.3389/fpubh.2021.773609https://doaj.org/article/78049306a4cc4f05a2810293766b80642021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2021.773609/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-2565Prevalence of physical inactivity and obesity continues to increase in regional areas such as North-West (NW) Tasmania and show no signs of abating. It is possible that limited access to physical activity infrastructure (PAI) and healthier food options are exacerbating the low levels of habitual physical activity and obesity prevalence in these communities. Despite a burgeoning research base, concomitant exploration of both physical activity and food environments in rural and regional areas remain scarce. This research evaluated access (i.e., coverage, variety, density, and proximity) to physical activity resources and food outlets in relation to socioeconomic status (SES) in three NW Tasmanian communities. In all three study areas, the PAI and food outlets were largely concentrated in the main urban areas with most recreational tracks and natural amenities located along the coastline or river areas. Circular Head had the lowest total number of PAI (n = 43) but a greater proportion (30%) of free-to-access outdoor amenities. There was marked variation in accessibility to infrastructure across different areas of disadvantage within and between sites. For a considerable proportion of the population, free-to-access natural amenities/green spaces and recreational tracks (73 and 57%, respectively) were beyond 800 m from their households. In relation to food accessibility, only a small proportion of the food outlets across the region sells predominantly healthy (i.e., Tier 1) foods (~6, 13, and 10% in Burnie, Circular Head and Devonport, respectively). Similarly, only a small proportion of the residents are within a reasonable walking distance (i.e., 5–10 min walk) from outlets. In contrast, a much larger proportion of residents lived close to food outlets selling predominantly energy-dense, highly processed food (i.e., Tier 2 outlets). Circular Head had at least twice as many Tier 1 food stores per capita than Devonport and Burnie (0.23 vs. 0.10 and 0.06; respectively) despite recording the highest average distance (4.35 and 5.66 km to Tier 2/Tier 1 stores) to a food outlet. As such, it is possible that both food and physical activity environment layouts in each site are contributing to the obesogenic nature of each community.Sisitha JayasingheEmily J. FliesEmily J. FliesRobert SowardDave KendalDave KendalMichelle KilpatrickTimothy P. HollowayKira A. E. PattersonKiran D. K. AhujaRoger HughesNuala M. ByrneAndrew P. HillsFrontiers Media S.A.articleobesityphysical activityfood environmentspatial analysisregional areaNW TasmaniaPublic aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENFrontiers in Public Health, Vol 9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	obesity physical activity food environment spatial analysis regional area NW Tasmania Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	obesity physical activity food environment spatial analysis regional area NW Tasmania Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Sisitha Jayasinghe Emily J. Flies Emily J. Flies Robert Soward Dave Kendal Dave Kendal Michelle Kilpatrick Timothy P. Holloway Kira A. E. Patterson Kiran D. K. Ahuja Roger Hughes Nuala M. Byrne Andrew P. Hills A Spatial Analysis of Access to Physical Activity Infrastructure and Healthy Food in Regional Tasmania
description	Prevalence of physical inactivity and obesity continues to increase in regional areas such as North-West (NW) Tasmania and show no signs of abating. It is possible that limited access to physical activity infrastructure (PAI) and healthier food options are exacerbating the low levels of habitual physical activity and obesity prevalence in these communities. Despite a burgeoning research base, concomitant exploration of both physical activity and food environments in rural and regional areas remain scarce. This research evaluated access (i.e., coverage, variety, density, and proximity) to physical activity resources and food outlets in relation to socioeconomic status (SES) in three NW Tasmanian communities. In all three study areas, the PAI and food outlets were largely concentrated in the main urban areas with most recreational tracks and natural amenities located along the coastline or river areas. Circular Head had the lowest total number of PAI (n = 43) but a greater proportion (30%) of free-to-access outdoor amenities. There was marked variation in accessibility to infrastructure across different areas of disadvantage within and between sites. For a considerable proportion of the population, free-to-access natural amenities/green spaces and recreational tracks (73 and 57%, respectively) were beyond 800 m from their households. In relation to food accessibility, only a small proportion of the food outlets across the region sells predominantly healthy (i.e., Tier 1) foods (~6, 13, and 10% in Burnie, Circular Head and Devonport, respectively). Similarly, only a small proportion of the residents are within a reasonable walking distance (i.e., 5–10 min walk) from outlets. In contrast, a much larger proportion of residents lived close to food outlets selling predominantly energy-dense, highly processed food (i.e., Tier 2 outlets). Circular Head had at least twice as many Tier 1 food stores per capita than Devonport and Burnie (0.23 vs. 0.10 and 0.06; respectively) despite recording the highest average distance (4.35 and 5.66 km to Tier 2/Tier 1 stores) to a food outlet. As such, it is possible that both food and physical activity environment layouts in each site are contributing to the obesogenic nature of each community.
format	article
author	Sisitha Jayasinghe Emily J. Flies Emily J. Flies Robert Soward Dave Kendal Dave Kendal Michelle Kilpatrick Timothy P. Holloway Kira A. E. Patterson Kiran D. K. Ahuja Roger Hughes Nuala M. Byrne Andrew P. Hills
author_facet	Sisitha Jayasinghe Emily J. Flies Emily J. Flies Robert Soward Dave Kendal Dave Kendal Michelle Kilpatrick Timothy P. Holloway Kira A. E. Patterson Kiran D. K. Ahuja Roger Hughes Nuala M. Byrne Andrew P. Hills
author_sort	Sisitha Jayasinghe
title	A Spatial Analysis of Access to Physical Activity Infrastructure and Healthy Food in Regional Tasmania
title_short	A Spatial Analysis of Access to Physical Activity Infrastructure and Healthy Food in Regional Tasmania
title_full	A Spatial Analysis of Access to Physical Activity Infrastructure and Healthy Food in Regional Tasmania
title_fullStr	A Spatial Analysis of Access to Physical Activity Infrastructure and Healthy Food in Regional Tasmania
title_full_unstemmed	A Spatial Analysis of Access to Physical Activity Infrastructure and Healthy Food in Regional Tasmania
title_sort	spatial analysis of access to physical activity infrastructure and healthy food in regional tasmania
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/78049306a4cc4f05a2810293766b8064
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A Spatial Analysis of Access to Physical Activity Infrastructure and Healthy Food in Regional Tasmania

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